• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1179-1186
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose an algorithm that recognizes human activity patterns using the human body's joints and the information of the joints. The proposed method extracts the object from inputted video, automatically extracts joints using the ratio of the human body, applies block-matching algorithm for each joint and gets the motion information of joints. The proposed method uses the joints to move, the directional vector of motions of joints, and the sign to represent the increase or decrease of x and y coordinates of joints as basic parameters for human recognition of activity. The proposed method was tested for 8 human activities of inputted video from a web camera and had the good result for the ration of recognition of the human activities.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2016

Declines in amphibian populations are occurring worldwide, and have been attributed to many factors, including anthropogenic environmental changes. One of the ramifications of such declines is abnormalities in many amphibian species. A strong association has been detected between human activities and abnormalities in amphibian populations, but studies on this association are largely focused on lentic species. In this study, it was analyzed whether the degree of local human activity was associated with the rate of abnormalities in Bombina orientalis which inhabited lotic environments. We found that the proportions of abnormalities in wild populations of B. orientalis increased, when i) the closest human land use was located within 100 m from the frogs' habitat, and ii) the proportion of human land use within a 300-m radius was high. Our findings suggest that human activity has a negative impact on the fitness of nearby amphibian populations, and that wild populations very close to human-induced disturbance are affected.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.269-273
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• 2004

This study was designed to investigate the effect of ferulic acid on cell viability and cell adhesion activity in normal human gingival fibroblasts. The cell viability and cell adhesion activity of ferulic acid was measured by MTT assay or XTT assay, respectively, after normal human gingival fibroblasts were treated with or without ferulic acid for 48 hours. The cell viability of ferolic acid on normal human gingival fibroblasts did not show any decreasement by MTT assay and also, cell adhesion activity did not decreased by XTT assay, respectively, compared with control after cells were treated with various concentrations of ferolic acid for 48 hours. MTT/sub 50/ and XTT/sub 50/ were 2,130.0 μM and 1,773.7 μM ferolic acid, respectively. These results suggest that ferolic acid is non-toxic to normal human gingival fibroblasts by showing no significant differences in the cell viability and the adhesion activity compared with control by colorimetric assay.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.457-461
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• 2006

It is demonstrated that phenolic compound has cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. Recently, ferulic acid is involved in anticancer activity by showing the decrease of cell viability in cancer cells. But, the anticancer mechanism of ferulic acid is left unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the anticancer activity of ferulic acid on NIH3T3 fibroblasts and human skin melanoma cells (SK-MEL-3). The anticancer activity was measured by determining the cytotoxicy of ferulic acid on these cells. The cytotoxicity was measured by cell viability via XTT assay in these cells. In this study, ferulic acid decreased cell viability according to the dose-dependent manners after human skin melanoma cells were treated with various concentrations of ferulic acid for 48 hours. especially, ferulic acid remarkably decreased cell viability at a concentration of $120{\mu}M$ compared with control in human skin melanoma cells. While, ferulic acid did not show the significant decrease of cell viability at concentrations of $30{\sim}120{\mu}M$ in NIH3T3 fibroblasts. These results suggest that ferulic acid showed anticancer activity in cancer cells such as human skin melanoma cells by the decrease of cell viability significantly.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 2011

Background: In this study, we have investigated the effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) extracts on the production of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-8 in human keratinocytes. Also, to examine the antioxidative effect of red ginseng extracts, free radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in human dermal fibroblasts was measured. Methods: To investigate the effect of KRG in atopic dermatitis, we measured the level of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-8 secretion in LPS-stimulated human keratinocytes after the treatment of KRG extracts using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anti-oxidative activity was investigated by measuring 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and SOD activity. Results: The stimulation of human keratinocytes with KRG extracts shifted the LPS-induced cytokine secretion toward a more immunosuppressive response. KRG dose-dependently decreased TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-8 production in HaCaT cells and a significant inhibition of TNF-${\alpha}$ was shown when cells were treated with 500 and $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ of KRG extracts. Additionally, KRG extracts showed DPPH radical scavenging and SOD activity in a dose-dependent manner. Particularly, SOD activities of concentrations higher than $60{\mu}g/ml$ of KRG extracts were significantly different in human dermal fibroblast cells. Conclusion: Based on this study, KRG extracts may be a useful immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 2008

In order to evaluate on the effect of kaempferol on the cytotoxicity of oxygen tree radicals, XTT assay was performed to determine the cell viability after skin fibroblasts derived from human (Detroit 51) that were treated with various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide $(H_2O_2)$. And also, the effect of kaempferol on the cytotoxicity induced by H202 that was examined by cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity in these cultures. $H_2O_2$ decreased cell viability in dose-dependent manner in these cultures and the $XTT_{90}\;and\;XTT_{50}$ values were determined at concentration of $35{\mu}M\;and\;90{\mu}M$ of $H_2O_2$ after skin fibroblasts derived from human were treated with $15{\sim}90{\mu}M$ of $H_2O_2$ for 6 hours, respectively. $H_2O_2$ was highly toxic on cultured skin fibroblasts derived from human by toxic criteria of Brenfreund and Puerner (1984). In the protective effect of kaempferol on $H_2O_2$-induced cytotoxicity, kaempferol increased DPPH radical scavenging activity and significantly decreased LDH activity. From these results, it is suggested that oxygen tree radical, $H_2O_2$, was highly toxic on cultured skin fibroblasts derived from human, and also kaempferol of flavonoid showed the protection on $H_2O_2$-induced cytotoxicity.

• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.427-432
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• 1995

Ganglioside GM3 and sialidase activities in human fetal liver have been investigated. Gangliosides were extracted from fetal livers by the Folch-Suzuki method and analyzed by high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). GM3 increased, but lactosylceramide (LacCer) decreased predominantly over the developmental stages. Sialidase in human fetal liver was mainly localized in the lysosomal fraction and its activity was high in the earlier stages of development. The optimum pH for this enzyme was 4.3~4.4. Sialidase was more active with the ganglioside mixture than with GM3, sialyllactose or fetuin. Fetal liver sialidase was still active (20% activity) in the presence of 25% methanol. These results suggested that the changes of the ganglioside GM3 and sialidase activity may be involved in the regulation of cell growth in human fetal liver during development.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.405-414
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• 2015

This study examines the effects of purple Kohlrabi fresh and peel ethanol extracts on the antioxidative activity and antiproliferation of human cancer cells (Hep G2 human liver, HCT-116 human colon, and A549 human lung cancer cells.) The total flavonoid and anthocyanin content of purple Kohlrabi ethanol extracts were much greater in the peel than in the flesh. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and antioxidative index of purple Kohlrabi peel extracts were similar to those of the BHA and the BHT. Antiproliferation effects of purple Kohlrabi peel extracts on human cancer cells (Hep G2, HCT-116, and A549) strengthened in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, the antiproliferation activity of purple Kohlrabi peel extracts exceeded 40% in colon cancer cells. These results indicate that the purple Kohlrabi peel may contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids as well as anthocyanin and that these compounds may facilitate cancer prevention.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.569-579
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• 2011

This paper presents a novel approach for human activity recognition (HAR) using the joint angles from a 3D model of a human body. Unlike conventional approaches in which the joint angles are computed from inverse kinematic analysis of the optical marker positions captured with multiple cameras, our approach utilizes the body joint angles estimated directly from time-series activity images acquired with a single stereo camera by co-registering a 3D body model to the stereo information. The estimated joint-angle features are then mapped into codewords to generate discrete symbols for a hidden Markov model (HMM) of each activity. With these symbols, each activity is trained through the HMM, and later, all the trained HMMs are used for activity recognition. The performance of our joint-angle-based HAR has been compared to that of a conventional binary and depth silhouette-based HAR, producing significantly better results in the recognition rate, especially for the activities that are not discernible with the conventional approaches.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 2001

Objective : Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein adds telomere repeats to the ends of telomeres to compensate for the progressive loss. A favorable prognosis associated with low or no telomerase activity in some tumors, and cells transfected with antisense human telomerase lost telomeric repeats and die. We studied about the relationship between telomerase activity and apoptosis in the human brain tumors. Material and Methods : Between July 1998 and December 1999, 62 patients with brain tumors underwent surgery and their surgical specimens were obtained. Telomerase activity was investigated by telomeric repeats amplification protocol(TRAP) assay. Apoptosis was also evaluated by DNA fragmentation analysis. Differences and correlation in data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon-signed rank test. Results : Expression rate of telomerase activity and apoptosis were 80% and 30% in malignant gliomas, 33% and 0% in low grade gliomas, 63% and 38% in meningiomas, 67% and 33% in pituitary adenomas, 33% and 33% in metastatic tumors, 67% and 17% in acoustic neurinomas, 100% and 100% in pineoblastomas, 100% and 0% in the hemangioblastoma, respectively. There was no significant difference of telomerase activity and apoptosis between histological types. But a significant difference was noted in the expression of telomerase activity between malignant gliomas and low grade gliomas(p = 0.022). Brain tumors with telomerase activity expressed the lower rate of apoptosis. A significant correlation was also found between telomerase activity and absence of apoptosis in the human brain tumors(p = 0.005). Conclusions : Our data suggests that telomerase may protect from apoptosis of the human brain tumors and also may play an important role in the biological malignancy of the gliomas.