• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.23-42
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• 2024

This study examines changes in housing insecurity among young adults from a longitudinal perspective, recognizing the dynamic nature of young adulthood. The objective of the study is to explore shifts in housing insecurity and to identify the factors affecting entry into and exit from housing insecurity. Using data from the Seoul Youth Panel in 2021 and 2022, housing insecurity is measured across three dimensions, and changes over one year are categorized. The sample consists of 40% of individuals experiencing persistent security, 33% experiencing persistent insecurity, 14% exiting insecurity, and 13% entering security, indicating that the transition into and out of housing insecurity is quite dynamic. Empirical results from the logistic regression models reveal several key findings. Firstly, crises in employment and social domains significantly correlate shifts in housing insecurity among young people. Unstable employment and unsatisfactory job conditions increase the risk of entering, and decrease the likelihood of exiting housing insecurity. Social isolation and lower social support increase the risk of entry into housing insecurity, while higher social support enhances the likelihood of exiting housing insecurity. Secondly, residential characteristics play a pivotal role in the transition of housing insecurity. Those living in non-apartments and renters are considerably less likely to exit housing insecurity compared to those living in apartments and homeowners, respectively. Furthermore, residing in rooftop or semi-subterranean location, or undergoing residential moves, significantly elevate the risk of entering housing insecurity. Thirdly, external supports appear to have a limited role in achieving housing security for young adults. Parental economic resources significantly facilitate exiting housing insecurity, whereas governmental housing policy benefits show no significant effect. These findings provide important implications for policy-making aimed at addressing and preventing housing insecurity among young adults.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1807-1814
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of housing system on the carcass and meat qualities of Hanwoo (Korean cattle) bulls. Fourteen 6 months-old male calves were randomly divided into two groups. The first group was individually tethered using double neck-bar tethers. The second group was collectively loose-housed in the pen. They were raised for 15 months prior to slaughter. At 24 h post-slaughter chilling, the carcasses were weighed and evaluated by official grader for carcass traits. At 48 h post-slaughter chilling, the M. longissimus at the $12-13^{th}$ thoracic vertebra from each carcass was collected and stored at $4{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$ for 7 days for meat quality analysis. There were no significant differences in dressing percentage and carcass yield index between groups. Meat from loose bulls had lower marbling score (p<0.05) and fat content (p<0.01) but higher PUFA concentration (p<0.001) than that from tethered bulls. There were no significant differences physical and sensory properties, aroma pattern, TBARS value, metmyoglobin concentration and CIE color values during refrigerated storage between groups. Compared to tethering, loose-housing bulls produced lower fat content and healthier meat without different physical properties, acceptability, and lipid and color stabilities.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.77-88
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• 2002

This article deals the investigations how to solve the social deficiencies of deteriorate apartments, which is a half cycle of a building and it goes slum clearance and redevelopment. And this proposes an active remodeling and design strategy, management, and housing policies for extending the usage of the resource. Most of apartment housing in Korea is built by the panel wall and slab structure system fur economic price. To remake is possible, even though not designed in flexibility and variation. The remodeling strategies are dwelling unification, transformation of two units to one or three units, addition of a room, changing into commercial and community required spaces, and reshaping of a envelop and facade by addition of a dwelling or dwellings, roof floors, change of materials and colors, and so on. And, all activities in structural aspect are proposed removal in upper part and addition in lower part of an apartment housing. Active remodeling cost a great deal compare to new construction, so any remodeling activities should be based on a minimal interfere and budgets to enhancing the quality in existing building. The final aim of an active remodeling is to enhance the quality in economic values, and to keep original state and to put on the new one in a small part. To promote the active and careful management and rehabilitation, it is necessary to give the positive incentive in terms of architectural law, bank loan, and any redevelopment project should get the remodeling record in national resources.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.63-75
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• 2003

The planning of access area, so called "core" plays an important role of planning for multifamily housing, especially multistory housing. For all possibility of various planning and design, this area has been mostly planned and designed in uniformity. And only few attempts have so far been made in studying core, on the contrary to the unit plan or plotplan. It is keenly needed to develop various skills of planning and design in this sector. The purpose of this study is to find out the usable elements of planning and design, those are correspondent to normative targets. For this end, most possible core types are classified in to three categories: circulation types in the housing block, axis types to the entrance of housing units and number of accessed housing units. And then, sizable developments for norm of core have been effectuating in view of function, relationships both with housing unit and block. Based on this classification of types and listed norm, several European examples are analyzed and evaluated by merits and demerits of their respective core types. In addition to this analysis, some adequate planning conditions, positive vs. negative types of core, and detailed planning elements are prepared with regard to the norm of core. It is noteworthy that a variety of possible core planning cases are available by means of combination of lower categories in the classified core types. It is expected that this study will render service for some helpful planning and design guide in the practice

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.644-649
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• 2003

The effects of housing and nutrition on the performance of first lactation sows of the Nepalese Pakhribas breed were investigated. A total of 36 sows, from a previous experiment on nutrition during gilt rearing, were allocated according to a factorial design with 2 levels of nutrition, 60 or 80% of the calculated lactation requirement, and two types of housing, traditional or improved. The mean live weight loss of sows during lactation was reduced to a slightly greater extent by improved housing (p<0.05) than by better nutrition (p<0.10). There was also a significantly lower loss of $P_2$ backfat thickness (p<0.05) and mean body condition score (p<0.05) for sows on the higher plane of nutrition. Piglet weight gain in early and mid lactation was influenced by gestation feeding of the gilt (p<0.10) and by housing (p<0.05). Late lactation gain was influenced only by lactation feeding (p<0.05). In consequence, piglet weight at 42 day weaning was increased to a similar extent by improved housing (p<0.05) and better lactation nutrition (p<0.01). Significantly more sows were remated by day 10 after weaning from a higher level of rearing nutrition ($x^2=13.57$, p=0.001), and from improved housing and improved lactation (both $x^2=4.57$, p=0.033). It is concluded that, under Nepalese village conditions, improvements in housing may be a more cost effective way of improving sow performance than expenditure on additional feed resources.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.261-267
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• 2012

Different housing systems have considerable influence on performance in poultry production. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the impact of different housing systems on the performance, bone mineral density and egg yolk fatty acid composition in laying hen. Hy-line brown pullets (n=450) of 12 weeks age were randomly divided into 3 housing systems with 6 replicates of 25 birds in each room. A diet with 2,750 kcal/kg ME and 16.5% CP was assigned to all birds. The pullets provided free access to feed and water. Significantly (P<0.05) higher values for egg production, egg mass and feed conversion efficiency were found in battery cages, however egg weight, egg shell color and breaking strength was remarkably (P<0.05) higher in floor system. The albumin height and Haugh unit were significantly higher (P<0.05) in battery cages which was statistically similar to aviary housing system. The egg yolk fatty acids concentration of linoleic acid and linolenic acids were significantly higher in aviary and in floor system, respectively, however both values were lower in battery cages. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acid content (%) in egg yolk did not influence by any housing systems. Bone mineral density was significantly higher (P<0.05) in floor and aviary housing system than that of battery cage system. It was concluded that in battery cages the egg production and composition maximized, however higher bone mineral density and yolk fatty acids content can be improved in the laying hen reared on floor and aviary housing systems.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

In this study, we made a survey of the degree of satisfaction and performance of daily life activities on independent elderly households in the detached house. The purpose of this study is to suggest basic data for elderly housing design to be considered elder's characteristics. A survey carried out for 110 respondents with face to face interview visiting each house between May and June, 1999 with modified and drawn questionnaire from analysis of preparatory investigation data. The questionnaire was composed of the general characteristics of respondents, general characteristics of housing, residents' satisfaction with the use of housing space, performance degree of the elder's daily activities. To analyze the data of 106 cases, frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviations, one-way ANOVA, reliability analysis and Scheffe test were used by running SPSSWIN program. The results on the housing satisfaction and performance of activities in daily life of elderly in the detached house were as follows.: In this survey, the elderly had high value in satisfaction with the size of current house as the mean 3.14 points, but they were dissatisfied with the rising of house as the mean 2.82 points. The satisfaction with living room space was the highest but the satisfaction with toilet space was lower than others. Among the activities of daily life in housing space, housing related activity was the hardest to perform as the mean of 3.15 points. In consequence, consideration on and interest in the planning of residential spaces are needed so that the elderly can perform the action of housing life effectively and efficiently.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.57-64
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• 2019

This study attempts to analyse the effects of high-rise living on suicide rates. All the apartments in the City A and every suicide were examined in detail. Research methods are as follows. First, a database including tenure type and number of residents in all apartment complexes was created. Second, apartments were categorized into two income groups of private apartments and social housing, and spatial configuration characteristics of a typical apartment were analysed. Third, differences in suicide rates were analysed for lower and upper levels in both apartment categories. Finally, the relationship between high and lower levels of apartments with their spatial configuration characteristics and suicide rates was compared. The analysis shows significant differences between lower and upper floors living residents' suicide rates. It can be stated that the low-income residents are more sensitive to living in high-rise environment. Also, it suggests the need to improve the high-rise living environment of vulnerable social groups. In addition, spatial integration decrease in upper floors of high-rise buildings, and it can be interpreted that spatial configuration may affect residents' pathological disorders or even suicidal behaviors.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.155-160
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• 2014

This study was researched for use by data for the improvement of ventilation system of optimum environmental control systems. The ventilation system for windowless swine housing was installed negative pressure system that circular pipe duct for inlet was installed on the ceiling and axial flow fan for exhaust was installed on the sidewall. The temperatures in the pen was measured using infrared thermography camera and thermocouple with data-logger. The temperature measurement points was selected by infrared thermography camera is alley (G), inlet (A), front-upper (B), front-lower (C), rear-upper (D), rear-lower (E), forward fan (F). The temperature measured at those selected points for temperature distribution was $28^{\circ}C$ that was maintained setting temperature in suitably. The temperature deviations of F point and A~E points in windowless swine housing was less then average $0.5^{\circ}C$. The result of air velocity of measured points was suitable to the breeding of pigs.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.27-34
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• 2003

As a result of supply-oriented housing policy of Korea since the 1960s, the number of apartment housing units has increased up to six million as of the end of 2001 that is 55% of total housing units. Although the needs of placid living environment increases according to the enhancement of residents' living standard, most of construction firms as apartment suppliers plan and design apartment buildings to maximize the profit and give rise the residents' petitions and troubles about floor impact noise. In consequence, the floor impact noise becomes one of principal problems of living environment, and the government placed the obligation of installing the noise isolation materials between upper and lower floors in 2001 and controlling the floor impact noise lower than 60dB from the middle of 2004. In other to provide the fundamental research data to enhance the reduction performance of floor impact sound, in this paper, the factors that influence on the floor impact noise are derived from the survey of many research papers and the performance of various materials used as noise reduction objects are compared and surveyed with the factors in the experiments in field and laboratory.