• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.85-101
• /
• 2012

This study aims to identify the propensity to consume and housing characteristics according to life cycle as the main independent variable. It also tries to understand the consumption power and housing style of each cycle and analyze whether there are differences between each life cycle, ultimately aiming to match the propensity to consume and housing style with each cycle. For empirical analysis, on and off-line surveys of 488 people were collected and analyzed by cross analysis, factor analysis and analysis of variance. The prime research findings are as follows: First of all, factor analysis on propensity to consume showed four main sub-factors as rational consumption, conspicuous consumption, trend consumption, and status consumption. Secondly, current and preferred housing styles ranked from modern, natural, casual, classic and romantic, which proved that people are currently housed in preferred housing styles. Thirdly, in case of housing-related characteristics of life cycles, the size of the house increased as the levels progressed, and then decreased at level 6 when the children grew into adulthood. The majority of the population was paying a monthly rent, a few were leasing, and a very few owned their housing. 58% were living in apartments, but in levels 1-2, more were living in row houses and high-rise residential buildings, while in level 6 it was detached houses. Fourthly, the propensity to consume according to life cycle tended to shift from conspicuous and trend-based consumption to rational consumption as the cycles progressed. Fifthly, the preferred housing styles were modern and natural styles, regardless of life cycle. These study results can be applied to product development and marketing activities based on their accurate analysis of customers' needs, which can thus bring further customer satisfaction.

• IE interfaces
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2008

Understanding consumers' latent desires for product form has now become a critical issue in product design. Accordingly, product development processes is rapidly changing from product-oriented development to user-centered development. Driver visibility is considered as an important element of driving posture packaging in automobile interior design. This study presents a systematic process for driver visibility analysis approached from affective engineering method that provides design variable selection and screening with respect to the image/impression element of the human visibility. Also, the analysis of front visibility, often called the feeling of "openness", in motor vehicle interior design, is selected and practiced a case study using the systematic process proposed in this study. Twenty six participants evaluated the feeling of openness for thirty motor vehicles following the perceived scale of affective design factors. The results showed that variables such as the height of head lining, the height of cluster housing, the gradient of windshield and the volume of A-pillar were the critical design variables which affect the feeling of openness in a motor vehicle.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.21 no.7
• /
• pp.51-63
• /
• 2023

Housing is not only a basic requirement, but also a method to maintain stability and improve living. In the period of rapid social development which has a significant impact on the aging population, the housing issue is an impediment to Gen Y in Asia. Therefore, solving the housing conundrum is the most effective solution to other social problems. Purpose: This research is conducted to investigate factors influencing housing-option decisions of Gen Y and proposes recommendations to them as well as Governments and the real estate investors. Research design, data, and methodology: The Theory of Planned Behavior was employed with the expanded variables (Financial status, Location, Public services and Government incentives) based on literature review. Results: With 445 valid responses, almost all proposed hypotheses are accepted, which supports the positive interrelationship among variables. In the stage of data processing, we have determined the influence of each factor to the dependent variable "Actual Behavior", thereby helping real estate investors understand their desires, as well as improve the ability to meet customer needs. Conclusion: This is the basis to determine the influence of these factors, thereby providing recommendations to customers and what is more, giving real estate enterprises an insight of customers' demand in order to improve product quality and optimize the benefits of each party.

• Design & Manufacturing
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2023

The fiber-reinforced plastics and cellular injection molding process can be used to efficiently reduce the weight of battery housing components of mild hybrid electronic vehicles(MHEV) made of metal. However, the fiber orientation of fiber-reinforced plastics and the growth of foaming cells are intertwined during the injection molding process, so it is difficult to predict the mechanical properties of products in the design process. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the mechanical properties of the materials prior to the efficient stiffness design of the target product. In this study, a study was conducted to evaluated the mechanical properties of fiber reinforced cellular injection-molded specimens. Two types of fiber-reinforced plastics that can be used in the target product were evaluated for changes in tensile properties of cellular injection-molded specimens depending on the foaming ratio and position from the injection gate. The PP and PA66 specimens showed a decrease of tensile modulus and strength of approximately 30% and 17% depending on the foaming ratio, respectively. Also, the tensile strength decreased approximately 26% and 17% depending on the position from the injection gate, respectively. As a result, it was confirmed that the PP specimens have a significantly mechanical property degradation compared to the PA66 specimens depending on the foaming ratio and position.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.609-617
• /
• 2011

For the past several decades, the residential housing market has been led by construction firms rather than consumers; in essence, it has been a suppliers' market. However, the market is experiencing a transition to a buyers' market, the implication of which is that there will be increased competition among the residential building suppliers. For this reason, it is necessary for construction firms to prepare new strategies to respond to the rapidly changing market environment. Furthermore, consumer satisfaction should be valued more highly than in the past, and should be a baseline in formulating construction product development strategy. For the pre-classified 13 apartment building segments, questionnaire surveys are conducted for the 50 CS (Customer Satisfaction) experts to evaluate their perceptions on the weighing of the quality of each apartment segment. Data obtained from a survey of experts was analyzed from an industry perspective utilizing the AHP technique. Analysis results indicate that the CS experts valued the kitchen & dining area more highly than all other segments. Specific analysis results and implications drawn from the study can be a valuable basis for marketing, product development, and quality management.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.17-32
• /
• 2014

In a competitive business environment, like construction, achieving customer satisfaction has been identified as an important element for measuring project's success and sustaining competitive advantage. Traditionally, customers were expelled from the product development process. Little effort was done, in the past to identify the factors that lead to customer satisfaction and hence, use them for product improvement. Organizations that adopted that approach, encountered the risk of losing their customers. In construction, end-users of governmental housing projects were excluded from the design decision making process and accordingly, their requirements were not reflected in design. Although a number national customer satisfaction indices and barometers have been developed worldwide, they have their own limitations and shortcomings. This paper aims to develop an international index for customer satisfaction in the construction Industry. For the first time in construction literature, this research identified, validated and classified 45 drivers for achieving customer satisfaction in the construction industry.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.84-91
• /
• 2008

"Eco-friendly construction" is an emerging issue in the building industry. Main purpose of the eco-friendly construction is to sustain the health and environment of building residents and to minimize the harmful effect on their environment. Apartment residents have great concern on eco-product, since many cases are reported that Sick Building Syndrome is caused by toxic substance from building materials. Environmental performance is to meet through using the highest grade eco-friendly materials. However, generally eco-friendly materials are more expensive than normal materials, Therefore, using eco-friendly materials at public housing project is limited to economical aspect. The purpose of this paper is development of eco-friendly material selection model considered cost efficiency. The selection of Eco-friendly finishing materials and their methods are constructed to consider environmental performance level and cost index compositively. Development of eco-friendly material selection method is economic and reasonable one when public housing is constructed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.953-956
• /
• 2007

"Eco-friendly construction"is an emerging issue in the building industry. Main purpose of the eco-friendly construction is to sustain the health and environment of building residents and to minimize the harmful effect on their environment. Apartment residents have great concern on eco-product, since many cases are reported that Sick Building Syndrome is caused by toxic substance from building materials. Environmental performance is to meet through using the highest grade eco-friendly materials. However, generally eco-friendly materials are more expensive than normal materials. Therefore using eco-friendly materials at public housing project is limited to economical aspect. The purpose of this paper is development of eco-friendly material selection model considered cost efficiency. The selection of Eco-friendly finishing materials and their methods are constructed to consider environmental performance level and cost index compositively. Development of eco-friendly material selection method is economic and reasonable one when public housing is constructed.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.69-77
• /
• 2020

Purpose - This paper is aimed to analyze the effects of the mandatory closing regulation targeting large retailers, which has been implemented since 2012 to protect small retailers. We examine the changes in consumers' choice of retailers and their purchasing patterns of agri-food following the implementation of such regulation. Research design, data, and methodology - Household spending patterns were identified through the historical data of household food purchase, consumer panel provided by the Rural Development Administration. Clustering was employed to determine the household spending patterns. Moreover, the different household spending patterns before and after the regulation were comparatively studied. The patterns of consumers' choice of retail stores and shopping baskets by the type of retailers, derived from the respective datasets before and after the regulation, were compared to analyze the effects of the regulation. Results -After the regulation, some consumers who used to shop at large retailers before the regulation changed their shopping places to small retailers. However, the product categories that consumers had mainly purchased before the regulation were rarely changed even after the regulation. Conclusions - Although the regulation helped migrate some of the consumers to small retailers, the regulation seemed to have failed to stimulate consumers to purchase the goods, normally bought at large retailers, from traditional markets. In other words, traditional markets are not effective substitutes for regulation-affected retailers.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.61-74
• /
• 2005

This paper utilized a Korean time-use survey and household expenditure survey in designing an input-output table to develop satellite accounts of household production in Korea in 1999. Additionally, the household production in Korea was compared with that in the United States, Australia, Finland, and Canada. Results of this study may be summarized as follows. First, household production in Korea represented $43\%$ of Gross Domestic Product (GDP,) compared to $63\%$ of GDP in the United States, $68\%$ in Australia, $58\%$ in Finland, and $54\%$ in Canada. Second, labor emerged as the largest input for household production in Korea, while materials and services - both intermediate goods - emerged as the second input. On the other hand, the proportion of housing among the four inputs of household production in Korea was greater than for either the United States or the other countries studied. This implies that the cost of intermediate goods and housing in Korea is more expensive than in other countries.