• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.67-78
• /
• 2007

The aim of this paper was to compare differences and similarities of farmhouses between Denmark and Korea as a cross-cultural study. Farmhouses built during the 18th and 19th centuries in Denmark, and ones from Chosun Dynasty (AD. 1392-1910) in Korea were targets of this study. Literature study and field trips to districts and open-air museums in both countries were used. Field trips were carried out during summer of 2005 in Denmark, and fall of 2005 in Korea. Detailed comparisons focused on farmhouse plans, the use of rooms and furnishing, and building materials. As a conclusion, some differences were found between the two countries. In terms of farmhouse plans, square types with four wings, and parallel types were the most frequent forms in Denmark, while a few types, such as the "I", "L", "U" shapes and square types, were more frequently found in Korea. In Denmark, the most important room was the dwelling-room, in which daily family life took place. Every member of the family slept, ate, and worked here, and kept geese and young animals during the winter season. Therefore, this room was laid out in the center of the house. However, Anbang, the most important room in Korea, was not situated in the best part of the house. Instead, the Daechung-maru occupied the center and the best place because the daechung-maru, in which the ancestral ceremony was held, was thought of as more important than a place for live people. Also the use of rooms and furnishing was quite different between the two countries, reflecting each life style. Danish furnishings represented practical daily life, while Korean furnishings reflected more conceptual aspects. It might have resulted from Confucianism in the Chosun Dynasty, which ruled daily life and even influenced use of rooms and furnishings. In other word, philosophy influenced common peoples' daily life and living environment. With reference to building materials, there was rarely a difference between the two countries. Major materials for farmhouse were quite common, such as half-timbering wood and clay, but the difference was in bricks and roof coverings. Bricks were rarely used in Korean farmhouses, while rice-straw was rare for the roof of a Danish farmhouse. Of course, the choice of materials was strongly affected by the local surroundings and overall environment. This result can give some clues for design ideas when architects and interior designers plan housing that is adapted for local peoples. This kind of cross-cultural study can also contribute to one's understanding of foreign culture, especially in housing and culture. And, it can broaden one's insight of design ideas for designers who have to compete frequently with designers in foreign countries.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 2012

This study aims to investigate the mechanism that analysis of the layout-structure of the Traditional Village Oeam. It can identify through the division of area, the properties of layout residential type, the relationship between buildings and roads and location of buildings and a gate. Traditional Folk Village is our precious cultural heritage. However, now is time for our disappearing heritage due to the indiscriminate development. This study will good references for residential Complex in modern society. As a result of this study road in the center of village is divided into two areas. The road and stream plays an important role in the housing layout and composition of the village. Oeam village houses are separated by scale as large, middle, small scale housing. The courty yard is formed widely through a various of housing plan. So that ventilation and light is favorable even if the main house is high. Each house has the individuality with avoiding the village roads and using the byroads and stone wall. Therefore, each house can protect the privacy of houses.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.61-69
• /
• 2015

Current criticism regarding the "uniformity" of Korean apartments has shown not only tendencies of emotional and unscholarly criticism, but also lack of academic discourse. They tend to stay at the common-sense level and be quite subjective without supporting facts. This research began with questioning the phenomenon of seeing Korean apartments as an object of negative criticism. The research questions for this study are: 1. Of the living space of so-called apartment houses, what elements should be called uniform?; 2. How should the implications of the findings be interpreted? In this context, this study aims to reinterpret criticisms on the uniformity of apartments from a new point of view. First, literature review is done to examine characteristics of Korean apartments in the social-cultural, economic, and physical contexts. Next, existing non-academic, abstract criticisms are classified into three trends, to show that the way of understanding architectural spaces by those criticisms are limited and weighted towards visual perceptions focused only on the shape of architectural structures. Finally, it is argued that the viewpoints of space and residents' experience should be treated as important for the reinterpretation of criticisms on the uniformity. This is validated through presenting relevant cases such as changes of space uses, diversified lifestyles being accepted, and the expansion of living space.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 2012

The primary purposes of this study are to suggest a medium-sized regeneration project which includes the excluded small sites near existing regeneration site, to identify urban improvement type which fits local conditions, and to suggest proper regeneration strategies for the improvement type. Main findings of this study are follows. First, the size of the living environment improvement project in urban area should be larger than 3ha and government's incentives are required for parcel merges to make the medium-size project site. Second, independent type of urban regeneration project should consider local characteristics while center-spread type of urban regeneration project should build a center by providing neighborhood facilities and proper housings. Third, urban regeneration project should be able to utilize local assets, such as cultural heritages, natural landscapes, transportation facilities. Fourth, standards for public support should be prepared to improve local competitiveness. Last, further studies are required for urban regeneration system improvement.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국실내디자인학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.177-178
• /
• 2006

This plan is for a different type of welfare facilities devised by analyzing problems with existing welfare centers and focusing on connection with residents and link between culture and welfare and among generations. In terms of re-development plan of Youngsun-2-dong, Youngdo-gu, Busan and the neighborhood under this plan, Youngsun-dong, Youngdo-gu is one of the densely populated districts of the aged, with lower growth rate and poor housing and welfare facilities. However, the district has a blessed natural environment and historical site of cultural relics of the Neolithic Age as well as growth potential as a logistics center with broader network of roads linking with Bukhang Bridge when Namhang Bridge construction is complete, showing the aspiration for change toward hi-tech maritime city in the 21st century of Youngdo-gu. This plan is expected to promote unity between the old and children, protection from social marginalization, and re-socialization education and set the stage for participation and solidarity of residents in the community.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this qualitative research is to compare the community service and situation of SH apartment in Yangcheon-Gu and PHA apartment in Minnesota in order to grasp the requirement for livable community. For the study, depth-interview method was used to collect the data. Throughout this research, we found the ways to create a livable community as follows: Rental apartments are supplied by Seoul Housing agency in Korea while in US by PHA, an independent government agency. Both of them are in direct management. There are five main topics to be discussed. First, as a main supplier of services, it is Yangchun-Gu's social welfare center in Korea, while PHA in US. Second, as a mean of giving services, Korean residents visit the welfare center. On the other hand, PHA apartments enforces service-to-customer policies. Third, as a Korean service, they are consultation targeting families, children, teenagers, disabled, olds, education, medical examinations, rehabilitation and free meals. In US PHA apartments, they are medical health professionals, social worker, beauty salon or barber shop, bus to shopping area, bookmobile, OK card program, CHSP, ASI, ALP, personal care, senior/congregate dinning and etc. Fourth, both Korean and US have same hindrance for the 'livable community' policies which is funding and conflict of residents. Fifth, both Korean and US think that the key for the success of 'livable community' are resources, service and residents. The differences between Korea and US concerning service conditions such as supply of rental apartments, management and services are caused by cultural, ethnic and economical differences. From another point of view, Korean apartments are predicted to have similar problems like PHA apartments, and preparative attitude for this is needed.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.59-68
• /
• 2009

Community centers have been public facilities for the welfare and conveniences for the residents since 1999. Currently, the numbers of community centers meet the demands in quantity, but they do not satisfy the quality service needs for the improved life style of residents and the activation of local community. Therefore, the purposes of this research are to find out the current status, types and characters of facilities for the quality improvement of community centers. As the research methods, 'home pages of community centers', 'gujung backseo' were used, and '40 case studies' were completed. Case studies were done by observation and research on the actual conditions. The case works were done between July- September in 2008. Followings are the results of the study; 1. Area measurements of the community centers are being increased since 2000. 2. Complex facility types of community centers are mainly public administrative facilities (community center)+public administrative facilities of mixed type. 3. There are three architectural types of community centers: horizontal type, vertical type, mixed type. 4. There are three classified entrance types for the community centers. 5. There are twelve classified facility types for the community centers. Community centers are usually mixed with diverse facilities, especially welfare facilities and cultural facilities. Proper community center types which contain the functional characters and varieties of facilities should be developed, and these active centers should be used conveniently by residents, thus, further study is required in this regard.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제48권
• /
• pp.135-191
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 프랑스 고유의 문화가 담긴 '공유문화 적재어'들을 선별하여 그 단어 속에 숨겨진 문화 콘텐츠들을 연구하고 이 단어들이 한국어에 차용되면서 새롭게 탄생한 문화 현상들을 탐구함으로써 프랑스와 한국 간의 상호문화교육을 위한 기초 자료를 형성하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 선별된 '공유문화 적재어'들을 프랑스 문화 내부적 관점과 상호문화적 관점이라는 두 가지 관점에서 연구하였다. 우선 프랑스 문화 내부적 관점에서 어휘문화적 접근으로 프랑스어 단어들 가운데 한국어에 차용된 단어들 중에서 의 식 주에 해당하는 프랑스어 '공유문화 적재어' 들을 선별하여 그 단어 속에 담긴 프랑스 고유의 문화를 사전적 의미, 문화적 현상, 숙어나 관용어 표현 속에 나타난 특별한 문화 현상에 대해 탐구함으로써 그 단어의 사전적 정의를 뛰어넘는 특별한 공시를 밝혀주었다. 나아가 상호문화적 접근으로 프랑스 문화와 한국 문화의 접촉으로 동일한 프랑스어 단어가 새로운 의미로 탄생하게 되는 과정들을 차용어의 변용 양상과 문화적 현상을 중심으로 탐구함으로써 두 문화 속에 작용하는 언어적 문화적 요소들의 유사성과 차별성을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 다음과 같은 현상들을 탐구할 수 있었다. 프랑스 '공유문화 적재어' 속에 다양한 문화와 역사가 담겨 있어 개별 단어들에 대한 탐구가 프랑스 문화를 깊이 있게 탐구하도록 할뿐 아니라 이들 단어가 사용된 숙어나 관용어 표현들을 통해 개별 단어 속에서 발견하지 못한 새로운 문화 현상들이 담화 속에 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 나아가 한국어로 차용된 프랑스어 단어들은 대부분 문화 간 교류에 의해 이루어지기 때문에 부정적인 이미지를 지닌 경우보다 긍정적인 의미로 사용되는데 의미의 왜곡이 일어나는 경우가 상당수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제40권5호
• /
• pp.311-318
• /
• 2012

This study investigated the flame retardant performance of developed four types of flame retardant chemicals (FRC), FRC-A, B, C and D. Four kinds of soft wood species, Sugi (Cryptomeria), Spruce (Picea abies), Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) and Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis), were used. The wood specimens were treated by spreading the FRC on the surface with different quantities, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110 g/$m^2$, respectively. The charred area, charred length, after flame time and after glow time were tested. And their suitabilities as incombustible materials were evaluated. The specimen treated by FRC-D showed better incombustible properties than others, even though with lower quantity. Therefore it is supposed that the FRC-D could be able to be applied on the cultural heritage, such as Korean wooden house for preventing fire.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.31-40
• /
• 2016

In 1995 the land development was executed in Songchon-dong, Daejeon-si, and the region lost the strong geographical and historical character as an old clan village of the Song family who has great influence over the country in the Josun Dynasty. Though many cultural assets related to the Song family are preserved during the land development, the region fails to keep the authentic sense of place because the preservation was fulfilled only based on the boundary of each specific buildings. The Dongchundang park is an example to reveal the issue. Besides the fact that it is the Designated Treasure, the Dongchundang has an important meaning for having been the center of the clan and its local community in Songchon-dong. While the Dongchundang park built during the land development contains the Dongchundang with closely related buildings, the Dongchungoteak and Youngurk Song's House for the purpose of preserving the historical assets, the park was planned in an irrelevant way to the place. This study investigates the discrepancy between the past and the present condition of the park and proposes a guideline to alleviate the discrepancy as to retrieve the park's genuine sense of place.