• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.39-56
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• 1981

This study aims to examine the patterns of family finance management I Jeju island. and then to suggest the desirable directions of family finance management of Jeju households. for the purposes, 157 households were surveyed with questionnaires. This study dealt with the family income forms and family finance management behavior and the relationship between the family income forms and the family finance management behavior. percentage and $X^{2}$were undertaken as statistical methods. the following results were obtained. 1. The family income forms of the households of Jeju Island showed the trend of irregularity and unbalance. And there were 5 types of family income forms. 2. In most of the households, the couple was centered o managing the family finance. 3. In many households, wife holds the responsibility for the cost of family living, and she manages it and the total income. Here we can conclude as follows. For the desirable and balanced household management, they must have some regular and continuous income sources, and try to plan and budget.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.237-252
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• 1997

The purpose of this study were to identify the income allocation structure of private education and child care and to analyze contributing factors income allocation structure of private education and child care for two children among Korean married couples. For these purposes total sample of 760 married couples those having two children of both pre-school aged and elementary school aged wee selected and total sample was divided into two groups by first child's school aged; those were pre-school aged(375) and elementary school aged (385) Statistics were frequencies means percentile and Tobit and OLS analysis. The results were as follows. First 268 households among the households those having the first child of pre-school aged spent 11% of income for private education while 29 households spent 7% of income for child care. 348 households among the households having the first child of elementary school aged spent 11% of income for private education. Second pre=-school aged' contri uting factors to income allocation struture of private education and child care were household family type family size home ownership and financial asset amount and elementary school-aged factors were satisfaction of family relationship and financial asset.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.147-171
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine low-income households' financial problems and the demand for financial counseling. For these purposes, a survey of 500 low-income households was conducted by an on-line survey company. The results were as follows. First, four types of low-income households classified by income and job criteria were: the not-working poorest (16.2%), the working poor (27.0%), the not-working low-income (13.8%), and the working low-income (43.4%). Also, seven areas of financial problems were found through factor analysis. They included difficulty of survival, insufficient funds for special expenditures, defaults on financial obligation, decrease of income, increase of debts, emotional anguish, and difficulty in meeting living expenditures. 61.6% of respondents requested financial counseling, and 44.5% of them preferred internet counseling to counseling by phone or in-person, while 49.5% desired access to public counseling organizations. The five types of financial counseling content for low-income households that were found through factor analysis were financial planning, credit management, asset management/investment, public support, and use of credit cards. The low-income householders demanded financial planning counseling and pubic support counseling more than the other types of financial counseling. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the demand for financial counseling participation was significantly influenced by age and income. The demand for financial counseling content was age, income, and types of financial problems. Therefore, general financial counseling programs for low-income households should be expanded. Furthermore, those counseling programs can be useful if they not only include credit management but also financial planning, economic support information and savings.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore housing cost burden of young single- or two-person households in the United States who have recently moved for job-related reasons. Total 580 households were selected from 2009 American Housing Survey public-use microdata for data analysis. The findings are as follows: (1) Targeted single-person households were characterized as younger households with higher educational attainment, lower household income, and greater proportion of renters, multifamily housing residents and households with housing cost burden than other households; (2) two-person households showed a higher income level and lower housing cost burden; (3) characteristics that showed significant influences on housing cost burden were household size, householder's age, gender, race and educational attainment, household income level and tenure type; and (4) a linear combination of household size, household income, whether or not a low-income household, residency in metropolitan area, and home structural type were found to be most efficient to predict a single- or two-person household's housing cost burden regardless of the household size.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.103-116
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the economic status of retired elderly households. This study especially looked for the differences in the economic status among retired elderly households and the level of subjective financial strain. The data were drawn from the data of 2000 Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (KLIPS) conducted by the Korea Labor Institute. The major findings are as follows: 1) The levels of income in the retired households were found to be lower than those of the employed elderly households, and the transfer income took the biggest portion out of 5 income types reflecting high economic dependency. 2) The levels of expenditure were found to be similar to the minimum living cost, and the food cost at home was 41.9% of the expenditure. 3) About 40% and 27.3% of households reported that they felt financial strain due to food expenditures at home and health care respectively. 4) Ninety percent of all assets were found to be real estate, reflecting the lack of asset liquidity. Further, retired elderly households were classified as 'not at all strained financially', 'moderate', 'seriously strained', and 'extremely strained' groups according to their subjective assessment. The last two groups showed the lower level of income and expenditures than the first two groups. In particular, 26.5% of retired elderly households belonged to 'extremely strained' group and showed very serious economic problems.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.647-655
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• 2020

This study introduced income mobility analysis using pseudo-longitudinal panel data from Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) to consider the dynamic process of individual's well-being through time. Since there is no comprehensive measurement of income mobility because of its dynamic process, various income mobility indices such as Chi-square, Average Jump Index, Atkinson et al. Mobility Ratio, and Shorrocks' Mobility Index were used. These indices revealed that Filipino households' income movements are more mobile than expected, and their income status improved from 2000 to 2015. As income mobility takes place, income inequality is reduced by 91.80 percent (91.80%). Furthermore, the growth effect is the main factor of income mobility. This indicates that households took the economic opportunities from economic growth to earn more. However, income mobility due to transfer effect (transfer of income from one household to another through lottery winning and borrowing) increased when the economy is not good. The higher income mobility due to growth effect compared to transfer effect, whether the economy is good or bad, means that households learned how to use their income in savings, investments, and entrepreneurship. This is the result of a successful financial literacy program of the government wherein households realized financial stability and security.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.127-135
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• 2016

Improving farming activity competence of farm households has recently been considered one of the most important factors for increasing farm income. However, few studies examine the relationship between farm income and farming activity competence of farm households directly due to the lack of an available dataset. In this study, we examine the relationship between farm household technical managerial competence and farm household income based on the nearly 30,000 farm households consulting data gathered by the Rural Development Administration, RDA. The major findings of this study are as follows: firstly, statistically significant differences in agricultural and farm household income exist between farm households categorized by farm activity competence levels in terms of technique and management. Secondly, a technically and managerially competent farm household group (high-rank farm household) has 2.2 times higher agricultural income and 1.9 times higher farm household income than the technically and managerially incompetent farm household group (low-rank farm household). Thirdly, farm household technical-managerial competence is one of the major factors that affect agricultural and farm household income. Regarding technical competence, agricultural income and farm household income increased by approximately 1,390,000 won and 1,530,000 won, respectively, as technical points increased by one point. However, with respect to managerial competence, agricultural income and farm household income increased by approximately 1,320,000 won and 2,070,000 won, respectively, as managerial points increased by one point.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.19-39
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• 2015

The purpose of the study was to examine the characteristics and economic status of deficit households. The data for this study were from The Household Income and Expenditure Survey in 2000, 2005, and 2010 conducted by the National Statistics Office (NSO). Deficit households were defined by those who had expenditures higher than their income. Among total households, the proportion of deficit households was 26.84% in 2000, 28.14% in 2005, and 27.15% in 2010. The average propensity to consume was 132.1 in 2005, which was higher than those in 2000 and 2010. Deficit households were classified into five types using cluster analysis: 1)overall-overconsumption group(33.07%), 2)basic needs group(26.33%), 3)transportation expenditure-dominated group(6.73%), 4)education expenditure-dominated group(27.63%), 5)health care expenditure-dominated group(6.24%). The overall-overconsumption group was the largest group of total households and the portion of this group among total households decreased by 4.97%p from 2005 to 2010. However, the education expenditure-dominated group increased by approximately 7.6%p over the period. It was also found that households in 2000 and 2010 were more likely to be in all five groups than households in 2005. Other major determinants of households with deficit were gender, age, number of family members, education level, dual income, home ownership, vehicle ownership, and income class.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.2 s.74
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• pp.137-148
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• 2005

This study compared one-child households' economic structures between those who determined not to have more children and those who have a birth plan. This study examined the demographic characteristics and economic variables such as income, consumption expenditures, assets. debt, and a subjective evaluation of future economic status. Especially, it compared the effects of socioeconomic variables on expenditures on a child between low-fertility and birth-planned households. From a questionnaire completed by a husband or wife of one-child households, 154 low-fertility households and 201 birth-planned households were obtained. A t-test, chi-square test, multiple regression analysis and a dummy variable interaction technique were used. The findings of this study are as follows: First, low-fertility households were older, had higher income, and had more educated, employed wives. Their marital duration was longer, and their child was older than those of birth-planned households. Second, low-fertility households had higher consumption expenditures than did birth-planned households. Especially, expenditures of apparel and shoes, health care, education, and entertainment were significantly higher for low-fertility households. Also, low-fertility households spent more than did birth-planned households on a child. However, low-fertility households had significantly more debt than did their counterparts, and their expectation level of future economic status were lower than that of birth-planned households. Third, the effects of socioeconomic variables on expenditures on a child were different between low-fertility and birth-planned households. Age, education level, husband's occupation, wife's employment status, income, net asset, and subjective evaluation of future economic status showed significant differences. Income elasticity of expenditure on a child was significantly higher for low-fertility households than their counterparts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.630-639
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• 2004

Korean households' expenditures on foodservices are on the steady increase. This paper aims to examine the foodservice expenditures of salary and wage earners's households by income decile group. This is analysed through comparing foodservice expenditures with private education expenditures because households' expenditures are likely to be weighted in favor of eating-out rather than private education. We also model the consumption function in terms of income and price, examining the responsiveness of private education demand and eating-out demand to changes in income and price using econometric methods such as regression, rolling regression and impulse response. This paper show that foodservice demand increases more than the private education does in the long-run. The result indicates that households are likely to evaluate the desire for foodservice more important than private education contrary to our expectations in the long-run. The impulse response analysis, however, suggests that households tend to increase private education expenditures rather than eating-out expenditures in the short-run.