• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.26 no.2 s.71
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• pp.71-81
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• 1987

This study was conducted to study the effects of temperature on the oviposition, feeding and emergence of the azuki bean weevil(ABW) (Callesobruchus chinensis L.) in the stored beans. And ovipositional preference, hatching and emergence on the preference and non-preference hosts were also investigated. ABW has four generations a year and overwinters as larva stage in the bean grains. Optimum oviposition temperature of the ABW ranges from $25^{\circ}C\;to\;30^{\circ}C$. Oviposition preference in different hosts was in the order of azuki bean, mung bean, soy bean, kidney bean, black-soybean, pea. At $25^{\circ}C$, optimum development temperature emergence of period the ABW averaged 29 days on azuki bean, 31 days on mung bean, 49 days on soy bean, 46 days on black-soybean, 34 days on Pea. Percent hatch in different hosts was in the order of azuki bean, mung bean, soy bean, pea, black-soybean, kidney bean. But percent emergence was in the order of azuki bean, mung bean, pea, black-soybean, kidney bean. Especially, in azuki bean and mung bean, percentage of hatching and emergence was very high. And in soy bean and black-soybean, percentage of hatching was high but emergence was low. The kidney bean was hatching but not emergence at all. The longevity at the different temperatures appeared to be $4{\sim}5$ days at $35^{\circ}C,\;5{\sim}7$ days at $25^{\circ}C{\sim}30^{\circ}C$, $10{\sim}15$ days at $20^{\circ}C\;and\;19{\sim}24$ days at $15^{\circ}C$. Kidney bean of feeding non-preference host oviposited at Seed coat and Endosperm, but no larva developed. And cotyledon and embryo parts were not oviposited at all. The percentage of germination of egg laid bean grain and damaged bean grains was low. Especially, the percentage of germination of damaged bean grains was 0% on azuki bean, 5% on black-soy bean, 7% on Pea.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.184-195
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• 2023

To develop an effective management plan for Ambrosia trifida L., an invasive alien plant in Korea, we assessed the potential of Ophraella communa LeSage as a biological control agent. This involved investigating the host specificity of the herbivore Ophraella communa LeSage, its annual travel distance, and the impact of this insect on the fitness of Ambrosia trifida L. We confirmed the host plant preference of Ophraella communa LeSage. The travel distance of this insect was determined by monitoring its appearance in selected Ambrosia trifida L. communities without these insects at distances of 10, 20, 30, and 100 meters, based on the locations where the presence of Ophraella communa LeSage was observed. The growth, reproductive, and physiological responses of Ambrosia trifida L. were measured according to feeding by Ophraella communa LeSage. As a result, Ophraella communa LeSage fed on only three taxa and moved short distances within a radius of 30 m per year from the host. The feeding behavior of the herbivore had a negative impact on the growth, reproductive, and physiological responses of Ambrosia trifida L. And the plant's growth and reproduction improved with increasing distance from the herbivore. Furthermore, the introduction of herbivores was able to control over 90% of Ambrosia trifida L. when the coverage of the Ambrosia trifida L. group was below 50%. However, the effectiveness of the removal decreased when the coverage exceeded 90%. These results are likely to be utilized by Ophraella communa LeSage as an ecological control agent. It is advantageous to introduce them in spring (May) when the coverage is low to maximize the effectiveness of control.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.187-198
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• 2022

In this study, Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) was first reported as a natural enemy of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) egg collected from corn fields in Korea, and its biological characteristics was studied. Based on morphological and molecular analysis, the parasitoid emerged from S. frugiperda eggs was identified as T. remus. We found that T. remus can attack the eggs of S. frugiperda, Spodoptera litra and Spodoptera exigua under a laboratory condition. The longevity of T. remus female adult was longer than that of male adult. The egg-to-adult period of T. remus was not affected by the host age and sex. T. remus female adult laid at least 1-3 eggs a day to a maximum of 37 or more eggs, and the most oviposited on the 3^rd to 4^th day after emergence. The host preference for oviposition of T. remus adult was high in the order of S. litura>S. exigua>S. frugiperda. T. remus preferred to parasitize 1- and 2-day-old host egg rather than 3-day-old host egg. When compared to the sex ratio of T. remus progeny, the rate of female progeny was higher at the initiation time of oviposition, while the proportion of male progeny increased significantly with female adult age, especially after 8-day-old adult. This information may be useful for improving T. remus mass rearing system and developing a biological control program to control S. frugiperda.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.5
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• pp.685-690
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• 2000

Caliroa carinata (Zombori) has heavily damaged the forests of Quercus mongolica in Sangju, Kyongbuk, Korea since 1996. However, information on the ecology and control of this pest was badly scarce. Thus we tried to study the ecology and chemical control of the sawfly through this study. Caliroa carinata is one generation per year. The adult sawflies emerged from June 8 to July 5 with peak at June 18. A female adult laid 11 eggs in rows on the backside of a leaf along the midribs and larger veins. Larvae have six instars, and the developmental period required to complete the larval stage was 19 days and 17 days at temperatures of $20^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. Each larval stage required 2-4 days to complete the development. The sawfly mostly preferred Quercus mongolica and Q. dentata, while avoiding Q. variabilis. Such insecticides as Tebufenozide, Flufenoxuron, Etofenprox, and Fenitrothion were sprayed on host plant leaves infected with test larvae in order to study the mortality. After 3 days of insecticide treatments, the mortalities were thoroughly examined. All insecticides showed higher than 95% of mortalities. Control values were also higher than 93%. The optimal season of insecticide application for pest control was estimated from late June to early July.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.469-477
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• 2012

Ostrinia larvae feed the pods and stem of red bean and seriously damage the bean production from farmers. In this study we investigated biological and developmental characteristics including field collection, host feeding preference, artificial rearing diet, morphological and molecular taxonomical identification, and pheromone analysis for an Ostrinia sp. in Korea. The male adults have massive tibia in the middle legs and 3-lobed uncus in the genitalia. The partial nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and II (COII) were not corresponded to those DNA sequences from other Ostrinia species reported previously in Japan and China. Host plants for this species are also different from the previous species reported. In the gas chromatography (GC) analyses, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate was not detected from the pheromone gland of our species while the component as a sex pheromone was found in O. zaguliaevi and O. zealis, With taken results, we conclude this Ostrinia species in Korea is Ostrinia scapulalis or closely related species. When larvae collected in a fall were incubated in the outdoor condition, they emerged to adult between June and July in the next year. The result indicates that the winter diapause could be started in late larval stage. In addition, we developed a semi-synthetic artificial diet adopted for mass rearing of the O. scapulalis in laboratory.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.479-488
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• 2012

The study examined acculturation patterns of Korean-Americans living in Portland, USA and their relationship to the consumption of media contents. Under the academic guidance of Berry's acculturation model, the four strategies of acculturation model were extensively inquired that immigrants and sojourner would adopt in host culture: Integration, Assimilation, Separation and Marginalization. Furthermore, how differently the four acculturation modes are related to media contents was examined. For this study, the survey questionnaires were administered among Korean Americans in Portland, USA. The total 371 data were collected and analyzed. The result indicated that 1) they preferred integration(M=4.57) and separation modes(M=4.49) over assimilation (M=2.92); 2) as separation tendency increased, the preference of Korean contents over American contents increased while as assimilation tendency increased, the preference of American contents over Korean contents; 3) high assimilation persons consumed more news than entertainments in American media contents. Compared to it, high separation persons used more entertainments than news in American media contents and more news than entertainments in Korean media contents.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.3 s.76
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• pp.415-419
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• 2006

The epoxide hydrolase (EH) of Rhodotorula glutinis which has a high enantioselectivity against aromatic epoxide substrates was expressed to high levels in Escherichia coli based on codon usage. We analysed the Preference of codon usage between the yeast, R. glutinis, and bacteria, E. coli. E. coli, Rosetta(DE3)pLysS, harbors pRARE plasmid with tRNA genes for rare-codons was employed as a host strain. The recombinant E. coli expressing R. glutinis EH showed an enhanced enantioselective hydrolysis activity toward racemic styrene oxide. Enantiopure (S)-styrene oxide with a high enantiopurity of 99% ee (enantiomeric excess) was obtained from racemic substrates.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1121-1130
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• 2014

This study aims to find the perception and utilization of the citizen about the dryness watch warning (DWW) among special weather reports. For this we have made up a descriptive questionnaire including the perception, utilization of special weather reports. Using the SPSS 17.0 program, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test were used to analyze the collected data. The results are as follows; The perception of DWW is measured by 4 point Likert scale and the average is $15.97{\pm}3.70$ (percentile=57.0). This value shows that the awareness level is not that high and according to the occupation, college students show the lowest awareness and housewives show the highest awareness. According to the age, the teens and twenties show the lowest awareness and fifties and sixties show the highest awareness. Although the perception of the teens and college students are rather poor, there were many positive answers that it is necessary to establish the advanced disaster prevention plan according to the questionnaire about the utilization of DWW. Therefore, if we come up with an effective plan to improve the perception than we can expect a large-effect in terms of fire and forest fire prevention. The perception of DWW can be improved by providing weather information and weather related education program on TV or internet which have the high level of preference. Also, it is necessary to provide online and offline program of advertising education and disaster management education through the weather forecast bureau which is the host organization of delivering weather information.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.117-121
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• 1998

This experiment was conducted to investigate host preference, occurrence and intraplant distribution of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) and Encarsia formosa (Gahan) in greenhouse. T vaporariorum preferred cucumber over tomamto. 7: vaporariorum adults distributed at upper part of cucumber plant. Nymphs also distributed at upper part in early growing stage of cucumber but became to distribute lower part after 40 days. E. formosa adults were found mainly at mid-upper part of plant but there was no significant difference in statistics all analysis among each parts and also mummy distributed mid-low part. E. formosa were released when five ir: vaporariorum were caught by yellow sticky trap per week in glasshouse. The treatment of one tag (50 mummies) of E. formosa per five plants controlled successfully the 7: vaporariorum population after 40 days.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.23 no.2 s.59
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• pp.116-118
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• 1984

This study was carried out to know the percentage of parasitism and host preference of Haplogonatopus atratus (Dryinidae) in the nymphs of small brown planthopper. The percentages of parasitism in the nymphal stage of planthopper at each generation were $19.2\%$ for overwinterd generation, $10.8\%$ for the 1st generation on barley field and $21.5\%$ for the 2nd generation on paddy field, respectively. The percents of the parasitism for the respective instars were $78.2\%$(3rd), $17.5\%$(End), and $4.2\%$(4th) when various developmental stages of the planthopper had been caged together. No parasitized individual was found for the instars of the 1st, the 5th and the adult.