• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.274-286
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Families' Importance in Nursing Care-Nurses' Attitudes (FINC-NA) instrument developed by Saveman et al. Methods: The 222 pediatric nurses' data were collected from 13 hospitals in South Korea and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and the Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ in SPSS software. The AMOS program was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis of construct validity. Results: Of the 26 initial items, 24 were ultimately selected after evaluating content validity, construct validity, and reliability. The following 6 factors were included in the Korean version of the Families' Importance in Nursing Care-Pediatric Nurses' Attitudes (KFINC-PNA): family as a 'conversational partner', 'participant in care', 'supporter for the nurse', 'burden', 'recipient of empowerment', and 'its own resource'. Conclusion: The KFINC-PNA was partially modified to explain differences in language and culture, but its validity and reliability were verified. Pediatric nurses' attitudes can be assessed using the KFINC-PNA, and adjustments to the care of hospitalized children and their families can be made based on these items. We recommend developing and verifying intervention methods that will improve family-centered care for hospitalized children and their families.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.218-228
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify clinical characteristics of South Korean pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a children's hospital over the past 5 years, with a specific focus on comparing the features observed between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Additionally, it aimed to examine the nursing diagnoses given to patients. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of Korean pediatric patients under 18 years of age who were diagnosed with IBD and hospitalized at a children's hospital in Seoul, South Korea, from January 2017 to December 2021. Results: The number of pediatric patients diagnosed with IBD steadily increased. This finding was particularly prominent for CD patients, the majority of whom were male. Pediatric patients with CD had significantly higher rates of abdominal pain and perianal lesions, while pediatric patients with UC had a higher rate of bloody stool. Laboratory findings indicated that CD patients had higher levels of inflammatory markers and lower albumin levels than UC patients. The nursing diagnoses given during hospitalization mostly related to safety and protection, physical comfort, and gastrointestinal function. Conclusion: This study provides insights into Korean pediatric IBD patients, enabling early detection and the development of nursing intervention strategies. From a comprehensive perspective, nursing care should not only address patients' physical needs but also their psychosocial needs.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was aimed at identifying the levels of parenting stress among mothers of children with cerebral palsy and factors influencing parenting stress. Method: The research design was cross-sectional survey. Data were collected from 122 mothers of hospitalized children (under 15 years of age) with cerebral palsy at the Y medical center using the questionnaires. The data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance with Scheffe test for post-hoc analysis or t-test, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The mean score of parenting stress was 2.52 (SD=0.79; range: 1~4). The father's participation, mother's parenting hours, self-esteem and social support were significant predictors of parenting stress, significantly accounting for the 33.3% variance (F=16.118, p<.001). Conclusion: It is essential for health professionals to consider the aforementioned four factors when developing interventions to reduce parenting stress for mothers of children with cerebral palsy.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2011

Purpose: This study is descriptive survey research that examined nurses' communication skills perceived by inpatient children's parents for short period due to acute diseases in children's hospital and aimed to make a qualitative improvement of nursing with the basic materials for improving nursing service for inpatient children. Methods: The subjects were 177 parents of children who were hospitalized in a children's hospital in Gwangju from May 1 to June 16, 2009. A structured questionnaire which consisted of a communication and interpersonal skills developed by Yodkowsky et al. (2006). Data collected from them were processed and analyzed with the SPSS/WIN program. Results: Nurses' communication skills as perceived by the parents of inpatients scored an average 4.11, communication scored 4.02, and interpersonal relationship scored 4.18. The scores of interpersonal relationship were mostly higher. Nurses' communication skills as perceived by the parents of inpatients according to general characteristics showed statistically significant differences depending on the number of children and the birth order. Conclusion: it was considered that nurses' emotional characteristics were important for inpatient children. it is thought that the positive communication skills considering the emotional aspects in planning and performing nursing for inpatient children should be achieved.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.228-234
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• 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate the usability of serious-game apps for robots that are being developed for hospitals to add familiarity to hospital life for hospitalized patients. We conducted a usability test of 10 experts and 12 elementary school students with inpatient experience. The usability evaluation of the developed apps was based on the professional (MARS) evaluation tool and the user (uMARS) evaluation tool. The results of the usability test of the serious game robot app were $3.67{\pm}0.342$ for professionals and $3.68{\pm}0.592$ for children. The expert group obtained the highest score in the aesthetics category, and the user group obtained the highest score in the functionality category. In the subjective comments, the experts pointed out the game layout and the consistency of the style. According to the children, the methods were easy to learn, and the screen movement was mainly described. Both groups received low ratings in terms of engagement through participation. This study will provide useful reference material when the functional game app is actually installed in the robot and the usability test is conducted again after the results obtained in this study are considered.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.254-266
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review pain alleviation intervention for Korean pediatric inpatients with reference to Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort. Methods: Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review methods were used. Articles published in Korean or English were identified through electronic search engines and scholarly web sites. Scientific, peer-reviewed articles published between 2006 and 2019 were included in this review. Twenty-seven articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Results: Among the 27 selected studies, three were descriptive, while 24 were interventional studies related to pain alleviation interventions. Pain alleviation interventions showed three attributes: identifying pain triggers and the child's response to pain, effective strategies for pain relief, and nurses' competence in pain management. Conclusion: The three attributes of pain alleviation interventions using the theory of comfort shown in this study were identified as important factors for obtaining evidence-based data on how to enhance the comfort of hospitalized pediatric patients. In addition, the attributes of pain alleviation interventions should be considered for hospitalized pediatric patients and their family members.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.273-281
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to verify the effects of information using photographs on preoperative anxiety of children and their parents. Methods: Participants were 48 hospitalized children and their parents (48 pairs). In the experiment group (18 pairs) photographs were used with the children and parents to provide information before the child underwent an operation. Children and parents in control group (30 pairs) received regular care. Anxiety of children and their parents was measured using both a self-report and physiologic responses (heart rate and blood pressure). The data were analyzed using the SAS program. Results: Compared with the control group, self-reports of the experimental group indicated a significant difference in subjective anxiety. However, there was no decrease in physiologic anxiety as shown by heart rate and blood pressure in those in the experimental group as compared to the control group. Conclusions: Preoperative information using photographs were shown to be an effective method to reduce anxiety of children and their parents.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.269-276
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• 2009

Viruses are the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in infants and young children and are a major public health problem in this age group. Viruses were identified in 54.9-70.4% of hospitalized infants and children with LRTIs in Korea. The viral pathogens identified included respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A and RSV B, influenza (Inf) A, Inf B, parainfluenza (PIV)1, PIV2, human bocavirus (hBoV), human rhinovirus (hRV), adenovirus (ADV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), human coronavirus (hCoV)-OC 43, hCoV-229E, hCoV-NL63, hCoV-HKU1, and human enterovirus (hEV). Coinfections with ${\geq}$2 viruses were observed in 11.5-22.8% of children. The occurrence of LRTIs was the highest in the first year of life. The specific viruses are frequently associated with specific clinical syndromes of LRTIs. LRTIs caused by RSV were predominant among younger infants. hRV accounted for a larger proportion of LRTIs in young infants than ADV and hBoV. hMPV was frequently detected in children >24 months old. The number of hMPV infections peaked between February and May, whereas hRV was detected throughout the year. Thus far, hCoV is a less common respiratory pathogen in cases of ALRI and URI in Korean children.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.453-459
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• 1999

Astrovirus is frequently associated with diarrhea in children. It can not be readily isolated by cell culture, and an electronmicroscope is usually used for detection of this agent. Recently in 1995 a combined method of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was designed for easier detection of astrovirus, which is based on the conserved sequence in 3'-end of genomes of the 7 known serotypes of human astrovirus. As of yet there has not been any report of astrovirus data in Korea using the RT-PCR methods. The purpose of this study was to detect astrovirus incidence, severity of symptoms, seasonal variation and co infection rate with rotavirus in Korean children inpatients with diarrhea. Fecal specimens from 61 young children hospitalized with gasteroenteritis Korea from Jan. 1996 through Mar. 1997. They were examined for astroviurs infection by RT-PCR method. Results are as follows:1. Astrovirus was detected at 9.8% (6/61) from fecal specimens of children with severe diarrhea by EIA using monoclonal antibody coated plates. 2. Astorvirus was detected at 29.5% (18/61) from fecal specimens of children with severe diarrhea by RT-PCR. 3. The age of the 18 children affected by astrovirus ranged from 2 monthes to 7 years with mean of 3.0 years. 4. Mean hospital stay of the 18 children was 6.1 days. 5. Five (27.8%) astrovirus RT-PCR positive strains were confirmed in November and in December, respectively out of 18 specimens in total. 6. Astrovirus coinfection with rotavirus type G1 was confirmed in 15/16 specimens (93.8%), and with type G2 was in 1/16 specimens (6.3%).

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.72-81
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate nurses' perceptions and performance of family-centered care (FCC) at a children's hospital in Sri Lanka and to explore the feasibility of implementing FCC in the context of the Sri Lankan healthcare system. Methods: A convergent, parallel, mixed-methods design was applied to understand Sri Lankan nurses' perspectives on FCC. In total, 157 nurses working at a large teritagy children's hospital responded to a self-report survey and 18 nurses participated in focus group interviews. Results: Of the factors of FCC, family participation in caring for children received the highest score (4.09±0.51) for perceptions, and information-sharing received the highest score (3.54±0.55) for performance. The qualitative data revealed the following five themes: (a) importance of the family in caring for children; (b) helping families during children's hospitalization; (c) taking steps to implement FCC, even with imperfect knowledge; (d) barriers in the current situation; and (e) suggested strategies to promote FCC. Conclusion: Participants endorsed the concept of FCC and demonstrated some aspects of it in their day-to-day practice. The results indicate a clear knowledge deficit and several challenges, which need to be addressed to effectively implement FCC.