• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.3899-3903
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• 2011

General, fast, and efficient fusion methods for the synthesis of dendrimers with 1,3-diynes at a core were developed. The synthetic strategy was employed the oxidative homo-coupling of terminal alkyne. The oxidative homo-coupling reaction of the alkyne-functionalized Frechet-type dendrons 1-Dm was allowed to provide first through fourth generation dendrimers 2-Gm with 1,3-diynes at core. The fusion of the propargylfunctionalized PAMAM dendrons 3-Dm by homo-coupling of terminal alkyne lead to the formation of symmetric PAMAM dendrimers 4-Gm. Their structure of dendrimers was confirmed by $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and GPC analysis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권spc8호
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• pp.2970-2972
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• 2011

One-pot homo- and cross-coupling reactions of arenediazonium tosylate salts bearing a halogen group have been exploited for the synthesis of biaryls and polyaryls under mild conditions. $Pd(OAc)_2$ has proven to be an efficient catalyst for the successful dual transformation of diazonium salts into p-quaterphenyl (3).

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.59-60
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• 2014

The trans-$A_2B_2$ porphyrin and Ni-porphyrin derivatives were synthesized by Suzuki coupling of bromoporphyrin with arylborate as a key step. The band gaps of those complexes were measured from their absorption, emission and cyclic voltammetric data. All the LUMO energy level of porphyrin derivatives is lower than that of P3HT, and the HOMO energy level is evaluated higher than the HOMO of PCBM.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2019

공액분자 나노구조체 계면에서의 전하이동 이방성을 이해하는 것은 유기전계효과트랜지스터(OFET)에서 구조-물성 상관관계를 규명하는데 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 대표적인 코페이셜 적층구조를 가진 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS-pentacene) 유기반도체 단결정과 산화물 계면에서 전하이동도 이방성을 연구하였다. 용매치환공정을 이용해 유기단결정을 산화실리콘 절연체 표면에 성장시키고 유기단결정/산화물 계면에서 전하이동을 유도할 수 있도록 OFET 소자를 완성하였다. TIPS-pentacene OFET에서 최고/최저 전하이동도 이방성은 5.2로 관찰되었다. TIPS-pentacene의 전하이동을 담당하는 공액부의 최인접부와의 상호작용을 분석한 결과, HOMO 준위 커플링과 전하의 호핑 궤도가 전하이동도 이방성에 기여하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. HOMO 준위 커플링에 기반한 전하이동도 이방성의 정량적 예측은 실험결과와 유사하게 나타났다.

• 공업화학
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.396-401
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• 2013

Benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole, carbazole 및 phenanthrene을 기본 골격으로 한 교대공중합체인 poly[9-(2-octyl-dodecyl)-9H-carbazole-alt-4,7-di-thiophen-2-yl-benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole] (PCD20TBT)와 poly[9,10-bis-(2-octyl-dodecyloxy)-phenanthrene-alt-4,7-di-thiophen-2-yl-benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole] (PN40TBT)을 Suzuki coupling reaction을 이용하여 중합하였다. 합성한 고분자들은 chloroform, chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, tetrahydrofuran, toluene과 같은 유기용매에 대한 용해도가 우수하였다. PCD20TBT의 최대흡수 파장과 밴드갭은 각각 535 nm와 1.75 eV이고, PN40TBT의 최대흡수 파장과 밴드갭은 각각 560 nm과 1.97 eV이었다. PCD20TBT의 HOMO 및 LUMO 에너지준위는 각각 - 5.11 eV와 - 3.36 eV이고, PN40TBT의 HOMO 및 LUMO 에너지준위는 각각 -5.31 eV와 -3.34 eV이었다. 합성한 고분자와 (6)-1-(3-(methoxycarbonyl)-{5}-1-phenyl[5,6]-fullerene(PCBM)을 1:2의 중량비로 블랜딩하여 제작한 이종접합형태(bulk heterojunction) 태양전지를 제작하였다. PCD20TBT의 광전변환효율은 0.52%, PN40TBT의 광전변환효율은 0.60%이었다. 그리고 소자의 단락 전류밀도, 충진 인자와 개방전압은 PCD20TBT가 각각 $-1.97mA/cm^2$, 38.2%, 0.69 V이며, PN40TBT의 경우 각각 $-1.77mA/cm^2$, 42.9%, 0.79 V이었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.30-32
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• 1988

Symmetrical diaryl ${\alpha}-diketones$ were synthesized in moderately good yields through the palladium catalyzed reaction of aryl iodides with carbon monoxide. The reaction was tolerant of a wide variety of fuctionalities($OCH_3,\;CH_3,\;NO_2,\;OH,\;COOH$) on the aryl iodide. On the other hand, the similar reaction of aryl bromides or chlorides with carbon monoxide did not proceed.

• 공업화학
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.487-496
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 phenothiazine과 benzothiadiazole을 기반으로 하고, phenothiazine의 질소 위치에 다양한 side-chain을 치환한 고분자를 합성하였다. 합성된 고분자는 광학적, 전기화학적 분석 결과 300~700 nm에서 흡수를 보였고, -5.4 eV 정도의 이상적인 HOMO energy level를 갖는 특성을 확인하였다. 고분자와 $PC_{71}BM$을 광활성층으로 사용한 소자를 제작하였고, 측정결과 branched side-chain을 가지며 탄소수가 많은 P2HDPZ-bTP-OBT가 2.4%로 최대 광전변환효율을 갖는 것으로 확인되었다($V_{OC}$ : 0.74 V, $J_{SC}$ : $6.9mA/cm^2$, FF : 48.0%).

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.421-426
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• 2024

Ru dye (Z-907) is a crucial photosensitizing material in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). To enhance the utilization of Ru dye's photosensitizing properties in bulk heterojunction solar cells, a method was developed to synthesize phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) nanoparticles that are chemically linked to Ru dye. PCBM contains a methoxy (-OCH₃) group, whereas Ru dye incorporates a carboxyl group (-COOH) within its molecular structure. By exploiting these complementary functional groups, a successful bond between Ru dye and PCBM was established through an anhydride functional group. The coupling of PCBM with Ru dye results in a modification of the energy levels, yielding lower LUMO (3.8 eV) and HOMO (6.1 eV) levels, compared with the LUMO (3.0 eV) and HOMO (5.2 eV) levels of Ru dye alone. This configuration potentially facilitates efficient electron transfer from Ru dye to PCBM, alongside promoting hole transfer from Ru dye to the conducting polymer. Consequently, the bulk heterojunction solar cells incorporating this Ru dye-PCBM configuration demonstrate superior performance, with an open circuit voltage (V_oc) of 0.62 V, short circuit current (J_sc) of 0.63 mA cm^-2, fill factor (FF) of 65.6%, and a photovoltaic conversion efficiency (η) of 0.25%.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.2963-2968
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• 2014

We report synthesis and photovoltaic properties of two new conjugated copolymers, PCPDTQxF and PDTSQxF, with 6,7-difluoro-2,3-dihexylquinoxaline unit prepared by Stille coupling reaction. The advantage of 6,7-difluoro-2,3-dihexylquinoxaline based copolymer are high PCEs due to lower HOMO energy level, long wavelength absorption and high hole mobility. The solid films of PCPDTQxF and PDTSQxF showed absorption bands with maximum peaks at about 623 and 493 nm and the absorption onsets at 711 and 635 nm, corresponding to band gaps of 1.74 and 1.95 eV, respectively. The oxidation onsets of the PCPDTQxF and PDTSQxF polymers were estimated to be 0.68 and 0.95 V, which correspond to HOMO energy levels of -5.48 and -5.75 eV, respectively. The PDTSQxF has lower HOMO energy level as compared to PCPDTQxF to lead higher $V_{OC}$ value. The device comprising PCPDTQxF:PCBM (1:2) dissolved to a concentration of 1 wt % in ODCB showed $V_{OC}$ value of 0.62 V, $J_{SC}$ value of $1.14mA/cm^2$, and FF of 0.35, which yielded PCE of 0.25%.

• 공업화학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.137-141
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• 2010

4,7-Di-thiophen-2-yl-benzo(1,2,5)thiadiazole과 1,4-bis(dodecyloxy)-2,5-divinylbenzene을 Heck coupling 중합법을 이용하여 poly[4,7-Di-thiophen-2-yl-benzo(1,2,5)thiadiazole]-alt-1,4-bis(dodecyloxy)-2,5-divinylbenzene (PPVTBT) 공중합체를 합성하였다. 합성한 PPVTBT의 최대흡수파장과 band gap은 각각 550 nm와 1.74 eV이고 HOMO와 LUMO enegry level은 각각 -5.24 eV, -3.50 eV로 나타났다. 합성한 공중합체인 PPVTBT와 (6)-1-(3-(methoxycarbonyl)propyl)-{5}-1-phenyl[5,6]-$C_{61}$(PCBM)을 1 : 6의 중량비로 blend하여 제작한 소자의 효율은 AM 1.5 G, 1 sun 조건($100mA/cm^{2}$)에서 0.16%의 효율을 보였다. 그리고 소자의 Jsc (short circuit current), FF (fill factor)와 Voc (open circuit voltage)는 각각 $0.74mA/cm^{2}$, 31%, 0.71 V로 나타났다.