• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.4
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• pp.30-40
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• 1997

The change in health care environment increases the importance of Visiting Nursing Services Program. It has been performed by nurses of district health centers in Seoul since 1991. The Achievement of Visiting Nursing Services Program will be dependent upon their activities. The purpose of this study was to identify the Performance of Visiting Nurses and Job satisfaction of district health centers in Seoul. Therefore, it was to provide the fundamental data development of Visiting Nursing Services Program. The subjects were 214 Visiting Nurses of district health centers in Seoul. The data was collected by self reporting questionnaire from April 15 to April 30, 1997. Their performances and various supportive factors were measured with the instruments developed by the researcher. Job satisfaction were also measured by the instrument developed by Slavitt et al. (1978) was used. The data were, analyzed by Cronbach Alpha, mean, standard deviation, percentage, t -test, ANOVA Duncan test, Correlation Coefficient, and Stepwise Multiple Regression with SAS program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The average of budget of Visiting Nursing Services Program of district health centers was 0.9% and the average of visiting nursing services personnel of district health centers was 10.1%. 2. With regard to the job satisfaction of Visiting Nurses the mean score was 2.92 out of 5. While the level of Job prestige / status presented as a mean score of 3.48 which was the largest among the 7 components of job satisfaction, the level of administration was the lowest showing 2.57 scores respectively. There were significant differences in the job satisfaction by age, working career of health centers(p<0.01, 0.001). 3. The average of the performance level of Visiting Nurses variables was 2.29; The variable with highest degree of performance was the teaching & consultation, establishment of performance plan, whereas the on with the lowest degree was the directive nursing services. The significant difference was found in performance level according to age, structure type of visiting nursing services, working career of health centers and working career of visiting nursing services(p<0.05). 4. With regard to the perception of the performance expertise by the Visiting Nurses the mean score was 2.37 : The variable with highest degree of performance expertise was the teaching & consultation, establishment of performance plan, whereas the on with the lowest degree was management of home-environment. The significant difference was found in performance expertise according to working career outside of health centers(p<0.05). 5. With regard to the perception of the performance necessity by the Visiting Nurses the mean was 2. 40 : the variable with highest degree of performance necessity was the teaching & consultation, establishment of performance plan, whereas the on with the lowest degree was directive nursing services. The significant difference was found in performance necessity according to working career of visiting nursing services(p<0.05). 6. A positive correlation was found between job satisfaction and performance level(r=.3731, P<0.001). Also, a weak positive correlation was found between the components of job satisfaction and performance level. 7. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor was the variance of job satisfaction(R=.3557, $R^2$=.1265). Structure type of visiting nursing services and working career of visiting nursing services accounted for 19.0% of the variance in performance level in nurses. In conclusion, Job satisfaction, Structure type of visiting nursing services and Working career of visiting nursing services variables had influenced on performance level in health centers. Further research is required to confirm these findings.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.983-993
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• 2004

Purpose: This study focused on analysing costs per visiting nursing care based on nursing activities in a public health center. Method: The Easley-Storfjell Instrument(1997) was used for a prospective descriptive analysis of self-records for workload data from 10 visiting nurses during 4 weeks on all nursing activities. In addition, analysis of the 478 visiting nursing records and cost data from 5 home visiting departments in public health centers during one year of 2003 was done. Result: The workload of visiting nurses by the type of model was identified as follows: Type I showed that caseloads made up 32.9 % of all nurse activities, and type II showed that the caseloads made up 45.8 %. Second, The cost per visit in type I was 33,088 won and 31,323 won in type II. Third, the estimated budgets were 1,902,436 won to 12,057,696 won for the type I model. and 4,151,316 won to 17,432,712 won for the type II model for one year. Conclusion: This study's results will contribute to baseline data used to establish on infrastructure for visiting nursing program and visiting nursing agencies based on the budget of visiting nursing services.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.836-847
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between utilization of home care services under the national long-term care insurance system and family caregiver distress. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted in this study using data collected in 2011 and 2012 from the Korean version of International Resident Assessment Instrument (interRAI) Home Care assessment system. The study sample included 228 clients receiving community based home care and their family caregivers in Korea. Descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test, t-test, and Heckman selection model analysis were conducted using SAS 9.3. Results: Presence of family caregiver distress was significantly associated with days of nurse visits (${\beta}$=-.89, p=<.001) and home helper visits (${\beta}$=-.53, p=.014). Level of caregiver distress was also significantly associated with days of nurse visits (${\beta}$=-.66, p=.028). Other factors which were significantly associated with caregiver distress were depression, cognitive function, inadequate pain control, social support for older adult, and caregiver relationship to the older adult. Conclusion: The results of this study show that visiting nurse service and appropriate support programs for Older Adults and family caregivers experiencing caregiver distress should be developed and provided to families based on the health care needs of older adults and their family caregivers for effective and sustainable home care.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the process and outcome of a mobile computerized system for individual home visiting healthcare. Methods: A nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was employed for this study. The newly constructed system was administered to 80 healthcare providers in the experimental group for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, and ANCOVA with the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: In the process stage, the difference in the frequency of computerized information usage between the experimental and control groups was significant as $8.88{\pm}3.20$ and $7.08{\pm}2.92$, respectively (t=3.90, p<.001). In the outcome evaluation stage, all kinds of healthy lifestyle such as alcohol use, nutrition, weight management and mental health were not improved. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the revised mobile computerized system was an effective device for individual visiting healthcare providers. Further advanced strategies for using this system should be developed and applied in a broad range of community healthcare.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1129-1142
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• 2004

Purpose: This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of asystemic follow-up care program on health promotion and risk reduction in 64 high-risk infants(HRI) including premature infants and their mothers. Method: The intervention consisted of systemic NICU education, tele-counseling and 3 home visits in 6 months. The subjects were divided into either the intervention group or the control group receiving the conventional NICU education without the tele-counseling and home visiting. Infant health promotion was measured using physical assessment, types of health problems, reflexes, OPD visiting history, DDST, immunization, feeding assessment, Infant death rate, etc. Maternal self-esteem, postpartum depression and family function were measured using the maternal self-report inventory(MRI), EPDS, and family apgar score(Fapgar), retrospectively. Result: All premature infants in the intervention group were in the normal range of growth and development, and the regular vaccination schedule. The health problems in the intervention group were addressed early so not to develop into adverse effects. The follow-up program for 6 months showed beneficial effects on MRI, EPDS, and Fapgar. Conclusion: A systemic follow-up health care program is beneficial on health promotion and risk reduction in 64 HRI including premature infants and their mothers.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.206-220
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• 2016

Propose: This study was to identify the factors affecting the oral health status in vulnerable elders receiving home visiting health care service. Methods: A total of 444 elderly people over the age of 65 at 33 public health centers in Daegu and Gyungbuk areas were included in this survey. The data were collected by personal interview with nurses using oral health knowledge, behavior, and status questionnaires from the $10^{th}$ to $22^{nd}$ of July, 2012. The data were analyzed with t-test, one-way ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, and stepwise multiple regression, using SPSS program. Results: Factors affecting the oral health status were chewing satisfaction with denture 14.5% (${\beta}=.391$, p<.001), denture care (wash with water) 3.2% (${\beta}=-.187$, p<.01), and types of health insurance (medical aid type1, 2) 1% (${\beta}=-.111$, p<.05). The factors explained 18.7% of variance in the oral health status of vulnerable elderly subjects. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that in order to improve the oral health status of vulnerable elders, it is necessary to provide oral health education that includes the proper usage of denture to elders who receive home-visiting care.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Purpose: The study evaluated the effectiveness of health promotion program on the physical fitness and quality of life of elderly women receiving home visiting health care services. Methods: There were 122 elderly women participants. The data were collected between March and December 2019. The participants were provided with the 36-weeks health promotion program consisting of health education, such as nutrition, depression, urinary incontinence, fall, oral care, and exercises, such as stretching, weight-bearing exercise, and elastic resistance training. The balance, muscle strength, flexibility, and quality of life were measured before and after the program. The results were analyzed with paired t-test using the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. Results: The dynamic balance, muscle strength, flexibility significantly increased. Conclusion: The health promotion program positively affected elderly women in terms of physical fitness, but there are limitations to increasing the quality of life of elderly women. Through this study, it is necessary to be supplemented in improving quality of life of elderly women.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aims to compare health status and health behavior among the hypertension group, the DM group, and the hypertension-DM group for aged clients of customized home visiting health care services. Methods: This study was conducted as cross-sectional research. The subjects of this study were 2,235 aged people over 65 living in J City. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and measurements. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program, and descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test, t-test and ANOVA were used for the analyses. Results: BP and glucose control showed a significant difference among the groups. BMI and waist circumference were significantly higher in the hypertension-DM group than in the other groups. Stroke, arthritis, and perceived health status were significantly different among the three groups. Depression was high, but not significantly different among the groups. Smoking and drinking were not significantly different among the groups. Physical activity was very low, especially in the hypertension group. Medication was high, especially in the hypertension-DM group. Conclusion: It is necessary to consider care plans for the hypertension-DM group, and educate the group for care management. Also, depression and physical activity programs are needed for the age.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.472-484
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to develop a home health care model in the public health system and to test the effectiveness of the model. Seven com-munity health practitioners in Yon- Cheon county. Kyunggi province, carried out home health care service for this research. The subjects of the home health care were a total of 111 community residents with chronic health problems and risk-prone infants and children; 29 persons with hypertension, 18 persons with diabetes, 12 persons with neurologic problems, 12 elderly, and 40 infants and children. During the period of study, from December, 1993 to March, 1995, a demonstrative home health care model was developed in the Yon-Cheon County community health centers with the cooperation of the Yon-Cheon Medical Center and Yon-Cheon Public Health Center for the first six months. A home care practice manual and recording system for home visits were also co-developed by the researchers and community health practitioners. Four workshops and monthly conferences were held for this purpose. Actual home care practice took place for two months, and on-going evaluation and replanning accompanied this process. The result of the evaluation of home care service were as follows. 1) For persons with hypertension, diabetes, neurologic problems, there was significant improvement in knowledge of disease and care, but no significant difference was seen in health behavior or symptoms after home care service. 2) No significant difference was seen in level of self esteem or depression after reminiscence therapy among 12 elderly subjects. 3) There were significant differences in satis-faction toward child rearing and parental sup-port, but no significant difference In education needs for parental role after home care service among parents of infants and children. 4) There was significant improvement in the quality of life among the subjects after the home care service. 5) Subjects responded that they were highly satisfied with the home care service given by the community health practitioners. Although, the actual implementation period was very short, and not all of the evaluation outcomes showed significant improvement, the home health care model of community health practitioners was, in general, positively evaluated. Through this re-search, the possibility of community health practitioners working as active home care personnel in the public health care system is supported. Further research with an expanded area and subjects for a longer period is recommended. Cost effectiveness research is also needed.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.135-150
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• 2010

Purpose: To analyze the effects of customized home visiting health services on the health and health behaviors of clients with hypertension (n=107) and diabetes mellitus (DM: n=67). Methods: A one group pre and post-test research design was used. The subjects were registered in a customized 8-week, interventional, home visiting health services available in Daegu. Data was collected from November 17, 2008 to January 23, 2009. Analyses involved descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test and paired t-test. Result: Hypertension control rate was improved 25.2% and DM control rate was improved 3.0%. There were significantly beneficial hypertension-related differences in BP, health belief, health knowledge and health behaviors including performance of 10 min of moderate exercise, diet, BP monitoring and medication. Significantly beneficial DM-related changes included glucose, health belief, health knowledge and health behaviors including performance of 10 min of moderate exercise and glucose monitoring. But there were no significant hypertension-related differences in health belief (barrier) and health behavior including drinking and exercise length/frequency. Also, no significant DM-related differences were evident in health belief (barrier) and health behaviors including drinking, smoking, exercise length/frequency, diet and medication. Conclusion: Customized home visiting health service can provide effective, but not complete. Whether these benefits are maintained in the longer term is unknown.