• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
• /
• pp.745-748
• /
• 2000

Anaerobic digester coupled with hollow fiber membrane unit. Treatment of starch waste with anaerobic digester-membrane system was studied. $0.17\;m^2$ area of hollow fiber membrane unit of known pore size was immersed into laboratory-scale anaerobic digestion system. The gas production was about $0.74\;m^3/kg$ COD treated. The COD removal efficient was about 80-95% depending on the hydraulic retention time. Crossflow ultrafiltration as Post treatment to anaerobic filter. The study conducted with different membrane pore size indicated that membrane with 1,000,000 molecular weight cut-off size gave a higher COD removal efficiency in the range of 83-87% while giving a study flux of $120-130\;L/m^2\;{\cdot}\;h$. A study was conducted to see the long term clogging effect of membrane also.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.141-149
• /
• 2012

The aeration provided in a Submerged Membrane Bioreactor (SMBR) improves membrane filtration by creating turbulence on the membrane surface and reducing membrane resistance. However, conventional hollow fiber membrane modules are generally packed in a vertical orientation which limits membrane scouring efficiency, especially when aeration is provided in the axial direction. In the present research, 3 innovative hollow-fiber membrane modules, each with a different membrane orientation, were developed to improve membrane scouring efficiency and enhance permeate flux. Pilot testing was performed to investigate the permeate flux versus time relationship over a 7-day period under different intermittent modes. The results indicated that the best module experienced an overall permeate flux decline of 3.3% after 7 days; the other two modules declined by 13.3% and 18.3%. The lower percentage of permeate flux decline indicated that permeate productivity could be sustained for a longer period of time. As a result, the operational costs associated with membrane cleaning and membrane replacement could be reduced over the lifespan of the module.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 2007

산업 시설에서 발생하는 $SO_2$를 제거하기 위해 중공사막 기-액 접촉기를 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기-액 접촉기 내의 중공사막에서의 $SO_2$ 흡수거동 대하여 수학적으로 모델링하고, 그 모델을 유한 요소 분석법을 이용하여 모사하였다. $SO_2$의 분리에 영향을 주는 변수인 기체 유량, 분리막의 물질 전달 계수 및 접촉기의 물리적 특성에 따른 $SO_2$의 분리 효율 및 물질 전달 특성을 알아보았다. 기체의 유속 변화에 따른 중공사막을 통한 $SO_2$ 제거 효율 실험값으로부터 분리막의 물질 전달 계수를 추정하였다. 또한 중공사막 설계에 도움이 되는 자료를 계산할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.482-487
• /
• 2003

제주 지역의 대표적인 좁쌀 약주 제품에 대하여 유통 과정 중에 발생하는 침전 형성을 방지하기 위하여 여과 공정에 관한 연구를 실시하고 개선 방안을 제시하였다. 여러 공극 크기의 유리 막 여과지와 중공 사막 카트리지여과 매질을 가지고 좁쌀 약주를 여과한 결과, 대부분이 침전 형성 가능한 입자들은 1.2$\mu\textrm{m}$ 공극 크기의 여과 매질에 의한 여과로 제거 되는 것으로 조사되었다. 0.45$\mu\textrm{m}$ 중공 사막 카트리지인 경우 여과 flux는 342.8 lmh로 계산되었다. 여과에 따른 성분 변화는 크지 않은 것으로 조사되었다 그리고 4$^{\circ}C$와 실온을 48시간 씩 반복하면서 3개월간 저장 중 0.7$\mu\textrm{m}$ 공극 크기의 유리 막 여과지에 의한 여과에서도 미세한 침전 형성이 관찰되었다. 그러나 중공 사막인 경우에는 0.45$\mu\textrm{m}$에서도 침전 형성이 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서 완벽한 침전 형성 방지를 위해서는 현재 최종 여과 공정인 1 $\mu\textrm{m}$ 정밀 원통 여과지 공정 다음에 0.45$\mu\textrm{m}$ 중공 사막 여과 시스템도입이 효과적이다.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제31권6호
• /
• pp.456-470
• /
• 2021

본 연구에서는 비용매 유도 상분리법을 이용하여 폴리에테르이미드 계열의 중공사형 분리막을 제조하였다. 제조된 중공사막의 모폴로지 조절을 위해 첨가제로는 THF, Ethanol, LiNO₃를 사용하였다. 또한 높은 수소분리막의 개발을 위해 모폴로지와 기체투과성능을 특성평가를 통해 방사조건을 최적화하였다. 그 결과 THF의 함량이 증가할수록 수소/이산화탄소 선택도가 증가하였다. 하지만 trade-off 관계로 인하여 투과율은 감소하였다. Ethanol을 첨가하였을 때는 finger-like 구조를 나타냈고, LINO₃를 첨가하였을 때 Sponge 구조를 보였다. 특히, PDMS 코팅층을 최적화한 중공사막의 경우, 투과율은 40 GPU, 수소/이산화탄소 선택도는 5.6을 나타냈다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.322-328
• /
• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of nutrient removal of municipal wastewater in the membrane bioreactor system with the different types of membrane. Membrane bioreactor consists of three reactors such as two intermittent anaerobic and the submerged membrane aerobic reactor with flat sheet and hollow fiber membrane, respectively. The removal efficiencies of $COD_{cr}$, BOD, SS, TN and TP on the flat sheet membrane bioreactor were 94.3%, 99.0%, 99.9%, 70.3% and 63.1%, respectively. In addition, The removal efficiencies of $COD_{cr}$, BOD, SS, TN and TP on the hollow fiber membrane bioreactor were 94.0%, 99.3%, 99.9%, 69.9% and 66.9%, respectively. The estimated true biomass yield, specific denitrification rate (SDNR), specific nitrification rate (SNR) and phosphorus removal content on the flat sheet membrane bioreactor were $0.33kgVSS/kgBOD{\cdot}d$, $0.043mgNO_3-N/mgVSS{\cdot}d$, $0.031mgNH_4-N/mgVSS{\cdot}d$, and 0.144 kgP/d, respectively. In addition, the estimated true biomass yield, specific denitrification rate (SDNR), specific nitrification rate (SNR) and phosphorus removal content on the hollow fiber membrane bioreactor were $0.30kgVSS/kgBOD{\cdot}d$, $0.067mgNO_3-N/mgVSS{\cdot}d$, $0.028mgNH_4-N/mgVSS{\cdot}d$, and 0.121 kgP/d, respectively. There was little difference between the flat sheet and hollow fiber on the nutrient removal efficiencies except SNR and SDNR. These differences between them were caused by the air demand to prevent the membrane fouling. The flux and oxygen demand for air scouring were $19.0L/m^2/hr$ and $2.28m^3/min$ for the flat sheet membrane, and $20.7L/m^2/hr$ and $1.77m^3/min$ for the hollow fiber membrane on an average.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2019

In this study, flow analysis and dehumidification experiment were conducted on hollow fiber membrane module to determine the dehumidification characteristics of its various configurations. A quantitative analysis of the CFD for four different models with a temperature of $30^{\circ}C$ and 30%RH inlet humidity was conducted. Each model has different shape parameters i.e. the number of hollow fiber membranes and the presence or absence of baffles. After comparison between the flow analysis results and dehumidification experiment results, the percentage error was found to be approximately 2%. The moisture removal rate for each model was calculated using flow analysis data. It was found that the moisture removal rate of refined model with three baffles and eight hollow fiber membranes was highest among the four modeled modules of hollow fiber membrane one, i.e. about 60%.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.347-353
• /
• 2019

Although membrane distillation (MD) has great promise for desalination of saline water sources, it is crucial to improve its thermal efficiency to reduce the operating cost. Accordingly, this study intended to examine the thermal energy efficiency of MD modules in a pilot scale system. Two different modules of hollow fiber membranes were compared in direct contact MD mode. One of them was made of polypropylene with the effective membrane area of $2.6m^2$ and the other was made of polyvinylidene fluoride with the effective membrane area of $7.6m^2$. The influence of operation parameters, including the temperatures of feed and distillate, feed flow rate, and distillate flow rate on the flux, recovery, and performance ratio (PR), was investigated. Results showed that the two MD membranes showed different flux and PR values even under similar conditions. Moreover, both flow rate and temperature difference between feed and distillate significantly affect the PR values. These results suggest that the operating conditions for MD should be determined by considering the module properties.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국막학회 1999년도 Energy Saving Membrane Separtion Systems 에너지 절약형 막분리 시스템
• /
• pp.93-116
• /
• 1999

MF membrane element was specially designed for water purification and VSA process which can solve the fouling problem. Especially VSA process is developed for the SK Chemicals' asymmetric microfiltration hollow fiber membranes. In case of outside-to-in filtration process, MF membrane element showed the excellent flux stability caused by cleaning ability of VSA process . Simultaneous back-washing with VSA consideratbly enhances cleaning efficiency. From the result the possibility of the replacement of chemical coagulation and sand filtration process with newly developed VSA process was revealed.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국막학회 1999년도 The 7th Summer Workshop of the Membrane Society of Korea
• /
• pp.63-66
• /
• 1999

MF membrane element was specially designed for water purification and VSA process which can solve the fouling problem. Especially VSA process is developed for the SK Chemical's asymmetric microfiltration hollow fiber membranes. In case of outside-to-in filtration process, MF membrane element showed the excellent flux stability caused by cleaning ability of VSA process. Simultaneous back- washing with VSA considerably enhances cleaning efficiency. Form the result, the possibility of the replacement of chemical coagulation and sand filtration process with newly developed VSA process was revealed.