• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.131-140
• /
• 1993

본 연구에서는 A17075의 활성화에너지의 각 변수 의존성을 온도 보상시간과 Zener-Hollomon 개변수를 써러 조사하고 가장 신빙성이 있는 Miller에 의한 현상론적 크리프식을 조사 연구하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제2권5호
• /
• pp.343-352
• /
• 1992

고온 압축 시험을 이용하여 열간 단조용 비조질강의 고온 변형 거동을 온도, 변형률속도, 합금원소에 따라 조사하였다. 고온 압축 시험에서 얻은 유동 응력 곡선의 형태와 조직관찰로부터 고온 변형 기구는 동적 재결정임을 알 수 있었다. 최대응력에 이르는 변형률은 온도가 증가할수록 작아지고 변형률속도가 빠를수록 크게 나타났다. Nb-V-Mo강은 Nb-V강에 비하여 최대응력은 증가하였으나 동적 재결정은 빨라졌다. 1.2Mn-0.09Nb강은 1.0Mn-0.05Nb강에 비하여 최대응력은 증가하였으나 동적재결정은 지연되었다. C-Nb-V강은 C강에 비하여 최대응력이 증가하였으며 동적 재결정은 지연되었다. 열간변형에 대한 구성방정식은 멱수법칙의 형태를 가졌다. Zener-Hollomon 파라미터가 증가할수록 동적 재결정립은 미세해졌고, 동적 재결정립과 Zener-Hollomon 파라미터와의 관계는 멱수법칙으로 정량화할 수 있었다.

• Advances in materials Research
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.217-225
• /
• 2014

In this study, a forging steel alloyed with both Nb and V was used as experimental material and the hot deformation behavior has been studied for this steel by conducting the compressive deformation test at temperature of $900-1150^{\circ}C$ and strain rate of $0.01-0.01s^{-1}$ in a MMS-300 thermo-mechanical simulator. The microstructure evolution, particularly the dynamically recrystallized microstructure, of the experimental steel at elevated temperatures, strain rates and strain levels, was characterized by optical microstructural observation and the constitutive equation in association with the activation energy and Zener-Hollomon parameter. The curves of strain hardening rate versus stress were used to determine the critical strain and peak strain, and their relation was connected with Zener-Hollomon parameter. Under the conditions of processing temperature $900^{\circ}C$ and strain rate $0.01s^{-1}$, the dynamic recrystallization took place and the austenite grain size was refined from $164.5{\mu}m$ to $28.9{\mu}m$.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.168-176
• /
• 1998

Hot workability of the AA5083 alloy ws investigated by torsion test at temperature ranges of $350{\sim}520^{\circ}C$ and strain rates of 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0/sec. The flow stress and hot ductility of the AA5083 alloy as a function of deformation variables such as temperature and train rate were studied. The microstructural evolution of the AA5083 alloy was studied in relation to Zener-Hollomon parameter (Z=exp( /RT) Also the hot restoration mechanism of the AA5083 alloy was small when Z val-ues were higher than $1.73{\times}1016/sec(370^{\circ}C,\;0.5/sec)$ In addition the difference microstructures during hot deformation. It was found that the increase of flow curves and deformed microstructures during hot deformation. It was found that the increase of flow stress of the AA5083 alloy was small when Z val-ues were higher than $1.73{\times}1016/sec(370^{\circ}C.\;0.5/sec)$. However under the low Z values less than $1.73{\times}1016/sec(370^{\circ}C,\;0.5/sec)$ the flow stress increase with increasing the Z values. The large dispersoid particles in the matrix grain decreased the flow strain of the AA5083 alloy because it caused the stress concentration during hot deformation.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.158-167
• /
• 1998

Hot restoration mechanism flow stress and stain of the Al2024 composites reinforced with 1,8,15,36, and $44{\mu}m\;SiC_p$(10 vol. %) were studied by hot torsion tests. The hot restoration mechanism of all the composites was found to be dynamic recrystallization(DRX) at $320^{\circ}C$ while that of the composites reinforced with 1 and $8{\mu}m\;SiC_p$ was found to be dynamic recovery(DRX) at $480^{\circ}C$. It was found that the Al2024 composite with $15{\mu}m\;SiC_p$ showed the highest flow stress(${\sim}$223 MPa) at $320^{\circ}C$ under a strain rate of 1.0/sec. Also the highest flow strain of the composites was obtained at $430^{\circ}C$. The com-posites reinforced with 1 and $8{\mu}m\;SiC_p$ showed lower flow stress and higher flow strain at $480^{\circ}C$ than those of the composites reinforced with 15, 36, and $44\;{\mu}m\;SiC_p$ These result were discussed in relation to the transition of the hot restoration mechanism. $DRX{\leftrightarrow}DRV$. The dependence of flow stress on strain rate and temperature was attempted to fit with the hyperbolic sine equation ($\dot{\varepsilon}=A[sinh({\alpha}{\cdot}{\sigma}_p]^n$ exp(-Q/RT)and Zener-Hollomon parameter($Z=\;\dot{\varepsilon}\;exp(Q/RT))$.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 인장과 압축실험 데이터를 사용하여 재료의 응력-변형률 곡선을 얻었다. 시편에 네킹 현상이 발생하기 전에는 인장실험의 결과를 토대로 각 재료의 영률값과 항복강도를 찾았다. 이후 비선형 거동은 압축실험의 데이터를 이용해 나타냈다. 이렇게 얻어진 재료의 실제응력-변형률 곡선을 구간 멱함수법을 사용해 변형률 구간별로 회귀하였다. 회귀하여 구한 곡선과 실제 재료의 응력-변형률 곡선을 비교해 최적 회귀방법과 상응하는 변형률 회귀구간을 찾았다. 하나와 두 변수에 의한 회귀를 혼용하면 가장 적절한 회귀 방법이 얻어진다. 우선 두 변수들로 회귀하여 항복강도를 찾는다. 뤼더변형률이 없는 재료의 항복강도를 예측에는 초기구간 데이터만을 이용해야 오차를 최소화 할 수 있다. 한편 뤼더변형률이 재료들은 곡선의 후반부 데이터를 사용해야 정확한 물성치를 찾아낼 수 있다. 이어 항복 강도가 구해진 상황에서 응력-변형률 곡선의 전체 데이터를 사용해, n을 단일변수로 하여 회귀한다. 여기서 얻은 항복강도와 n을 이용하면 실제 실험 응력-변형률 곡선을 가장 유사하게 따라가는 회귀곡선을 얻을 수 있다.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2020

Creep rupture data for Alloy 690 steam generator tubes in a pressurized water reactor are essentially needed to demonstrate a severe accident scenario on thermally-induced tube failures caused by hot gases in a damaged reactor core. The rupture data were obtained using the tube specimens under different applied-stress levels at 650℃, 700℃, 750℃, 800℃, and 850℃. Important creep constants were proposed using various creep laws in terms of Norton power law, Monkman-Grant (M-G) relation, damage tolerance factor (λ), and Zener-Hollomon parameter (Z). In addition, a creep activation energy (Q) value for Alloy 690 tube was reasonably determined using experimental data. Creep behaviors such as creep strength, creep rates, rupture elongation showed the results of temperature dependence well. Modified M-G plot improved a correlation of the creep rate and rupture life. Damage tolerance factor for Alloy 690 tubes was found to be λ =2.20 in an average value. Creep activation energy for Alloy 690 tube was optimized for Q=350 (kJ/mol). A plot of Z parameter obeyed a good linearity, and the same creep mechanism was inferred to be operative in the present test conditions.