• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.219-226
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• 2016

As the development environment is changing with the development of information communication technology, the systems that were used by each service became used with integration. In the process of integrating from existing legacy systems to new system, it should be smoothly integrated or shared, however, it cannot help holding existing technology or component due to significant cost burden for conversion. In this paper, it was not only classified by types with analyzing the various elements that make up legacy system but an approach and monitoring system were developed to each type. After System application results, data's information generated in each process is provided to other system in real time, so that it has not only secured the work efficiency and reliability but also it is made possible by integrating data in various formats for efficient data management, rapid search and tracking to history. With real-time monitoring system developed in this study, It can be very useful in a variety of industries which require real-time monitoring of distributed legacy system data.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.17-25
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• 1994

This study was carried out to compare the properties of Com-Ply Boards with those of OSBs. These two kinds of boards were made of same flakes. Com-Ply Boards were covered with three different thickness veneers, such as 4mm, 3mm, and 2.5mm. All manufactured Com-Ply Boards and OSBs were 12mm thick. In MOR, all Com-Ply Boards were higher than OSB, and especially 3mm-veneer and 2.5mm-veneer Com-Ply Board were highest. But OSB showed 420kg/$cm^2$. 3mm-veneer Com-Ply Board showed the highest internal bonding 7.0kg/$cm^2$ and then 2.5mm-veneer showed 6.8kg/$cm^2$, and OSB showed 6.6kg/$cm^2$. Screw holding strength showed the high value 23.9kg/$cm^2$, 25.5kg/$cm^2$, and 29.3kg/$cm^2$ respectively at 3mm-veneer, 2.5mm-veneer Com-Ply Board and OSB. Thickness swelling of Com-Ply Boards was lower than that of OSB, but Water absorption of OSB was lower. Finally it was very encouraging that all properties of OSB without veneer, whose cost is higher than flake and whose properties is better, were not worse than those of Com-Ply Board with veneer. It seems That more researches on OSB will be required.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제27권
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• pp.183-214
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to suggest the schemes to enhance information service functions by the utilization of CD-ROM in medical school libraries. The results of the study are summarized as follows : 1. The selection and evaluation of CD-ROM database are necessary steps in the planning of a CD-ROM. Before the CD-ROM is selected, therefore, medical libraries must make a practical evaluation criteria in important order of information services environment, characteristics of hardware/software, service requirements, price and cost, etc. 2. If possible, CD-ROM MEDLINE must be suited for the information services environment. 3. In case of the popular core journals, full-text CD-ROM should be gradually purchased. 4. In order to reduce the time required from search of bibliographic informations to receipt of original articles, CD-NET system and library holding administration program must be built up and developed. And channel of information search and order/receipt of original article should be varied. 5. Search education program for medical librarians and users should be enforced, and librarians must play an important role in CD-ROM retrieval consultant and intermediator.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.702-709
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• 2003

In the automotive industry hydroforming of sheet metal pairs have received special attention because materials for various sheet metal components of vehicles have changed into the high strength steel, aluminum, and titanium blank having low formability. Uniform deformation over the whole region is a main advantage in the sheet hydroforming process. Because upper and lower parts could be produced simultaneously with one tool, hydroforming of sheet metal pairs is competitive in reducing the lead-time and development cost. In this paper, the multi-stage hydroforming process of sheet pair is proposed in order to increase the formability of a structural part like the oil pan shape. The upper die for forming oil pan shape is divided into two parts which can move separately. By the finite element simulation, the design parameters such as geometry of the tool and detailed specification of hydraulic pump were calculated and verified. For the strict comparison of the proposed process, the blank holding force is kept to a constant value during deformation by hydraulic valve. The deformed shape and strain distribution of the manufactured parts with the proposed process are compared with the results of simulation. In the multi-stage hydroforming process, maximum thickness strain was improved by more than 30 percent.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2018

In deriving the economic order quantity (EOQ) formula, it is tacitly assumed that the buyer has to pay product price while receiving the product from the supplier. However, as a marketing policy, some suppliers permit a delay in payments to the buyers to increase demand for the product they made. Credit transactions would have a positive effect on both suppliers and buyers. For a supplier who offers trade credit, it is an effective means of price differentiation to increase the demand for the product. Availability of opportunity to delay the payment in buyer effectively reduces the cost of holding stocks and therefore, the buyer has a lot of price options to choose his sales price for a customer. Since the buyer's order is affected by the customer's demand, the problems of determining the sales price and EOQ are interdependent and must be solved simultaneously. From this perspective, this paper evaluates the problem of determining the optimal sales price and EOQ for the buyer at the same time when the supplier allows a delay in payments for the product whose demand is represented as a function that decreases linearly with the sales price. For the analysis, it is also assumed that inventory is exhausted not only by customer's but also by decay.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.563-568
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to find the analytic solution for determining the optimal capacity (lot-size) of a batch-storage network to meet the finished product demand under infrequent shutdowns. Batch processes are bound to experience random but infrequent operating time losses. Two common remedies for these failures are duplicating another process or increasing the process and storage capacity, both of which are very costly in modern manufacturing systems. An optimization model minimizing the total cost composed of setup and inventory holding costs as well as the capital costs of constructing processes and storage units is pursued with the framework of a batch-storage network of which flows are susceptible to infrequent shutdowns. The superstructure of the plant consists of a network of serially and/or parallel interlinked batch processes and storage units. The processes transform a set of feedstock materials into another set of products with constant conversion factors.A novel production and inventory analysis method, the PSW (Periodic Square Wave) model, is applied. The advantage of the PSW model stems from the fact it provides a set of simple analytic solutions in spite of a realistic description of the material flow between processes and storage units. The resulting simple analytic solution can greatly enhance a proper and quick investment decision at the early plant design stagewhen confronted with diverse economic situations.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.530-538
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• 2009

The Oxic-Settling-Anaerobic (OSA) treatment process, a modified Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS) process, was developed for the purpose of sludge reduction. The insertion of a sludge holding tank into a sludge return line, an anaerobic reactor, forming an OSA process, may provide a cost-effective way of reducing excess sludge production during a process. The OSA process was evaluated for its sludge reduction ability by kinetic parameter and mass balance, with an observed excess sludge reduction of 63.5%, as $P_{X.VSS}$, compared with the conventional activated sludge process.

• 정보관리연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.1-32
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• 1996

1990년대에 들어오면서 도서관에 데이터베이스 온라인탐색 및 CD-ROM탐색이 보편화되고 이러한 뉴미디어들은 이용자의 편의성 면에서, 도서관 경영적인 측면에서, 또는 소장공간의 효율적인 측면에서 볼 때 기존의 책자형 자료보다 도입효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 새로운 자료를 도입하거나, 시스템을 설계할 때 비용 대 효과를 객관적으로 평가하여야 하고, 구체적인 평가지침에 근거하여 일관성 있는 장서구성을 하여야 하므로 본 연구에서는 대외경제정책연구원 정보자료실을 모델로 하여 기존문헌, CD-ROM, 온라인탐색을 비교 평가하고자 한다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2020

We provide one of the first investigation on the impact of the degree of total leverage to the dividend policy of bank. We use a large sample of US bank holding companies from 2000:Q1 to 2017:Q4 to shed light our research question. Our empirical analysis provides consistent evidence that banks with high degree of total leverage (i.e. banks with a relatively high fixed-to-variables costs) are less likely to pay dividends, and they spend a lower fraction of incomes to pay back shareholders, suggesting a higher conservatism in dividend policy of banks subject to high degree of total leverage. The evidence remains unchanged with alternative econometric approaches, alternative measures of dividend policy and degree of total leverage. We further document that this higher conservatism is strengthened for a sample of banks with low franchise value during the financial crises. Our result suggests that the conservatism in dividend policy of banks with high degree of total leverage seems to be related to the precautionary motives aimed at preserving corporate resources under financial distress. Our study contributes to the literature of cost structure and dividend policy by pointing out that the impacts of the degree of fixed-to-variable expenses to dividend policy are extended to the case of banks.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

There are three basic modes of operation of ships: liner, tramp and industrial operations. Industrial operations, where the owner of the cargo, i.e. the industrial carrier controls the ships, abound in the shipment of bulk commodities, such as oil, chemicals and ores. Industrial carriers strive to minimize the shipping cost of their cargoes. This paper is concerned with the operational optimization problem of a fleet owned by major international oil company. The major oil company is a holding corporation for a group of oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing companies located in various countries throughout the world. The operational optimization problem of the fleet is divided into two-phases. The front end corresponds to the optimization of transporting crude oil, product mix, and the distribution of product oil to meet market demand. The back end tackles the operational optimization problem of the fleet to meet the transportation demand derived from the front end. A case study is carried out with the H major oil company problem composed by reflecting the practices of an international major oil company. The results are summarized and examined in the point of optimization for the total operation of the H major oil company and the operational optimization problem of the fleet. The paper concludes with the remark that the results of the study might be useful and applicable in practices of these related decision problems.