• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.143-155
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is elucidate the status and role of fashion house museums including art museums that are affiliated to luxury fashion brands. This study is significant in that it offers profound understanding of the history of luxury brands and the direction of communication these luxury brands are taking through online and offline museums. For research methods in this study, literature review and case studies were combined. Based on the luxury type classification by Sicard, the scope of research was determined to include the French classical luxury brands to modern luxury brands and contemporary luxury brands. Examining the current status of fashion house museums, it was found that Cartier Foundation for Contemporary Art is an art museum operated by the luxury fashion brand, Cartier. Other fashion house museums in operation included $Herm{\grave{e}}s$ Museum, Foundation Louis Vuitton Museum, $Crist{\acute{o}}bal$ Balenciaga Museum, Yves Saint Laurent Museum, Gucci Museum, Christian Dior Museum, Prada Foundation Museum, Ferragamo Museum, Armani Silos, and so on. As for online museums, there was Valentino Garavani Virtual Museum. These luxury fashion brands' museums serves the following roles: provides references to the fashion industry professionals and researchers; differentiates the brand as means of experience marketing; promotes the brand and enhances brand communication through exhibitions of the founder and designers; archive the brand's design and builds the brand's history as a means of storytelling marketing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.90-96
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• 2016

This study proposes a dynamic reliability analysis of control system as a method of quantitative evaluation of its performance in probabilistic terms. In this dynamic reliability analysis, the failure event is defined as an event that the dynamic response of the structural system exceeds a displacement limit, whereas the conventional reliability analysis method has limitations that do not properly assess the actual time history response of the structure subjected to dynamic loads, such as earthquakes and high winds, by taking the static response into account in the failure event. In this first paper, we discuss the control effect of the viscous damper on the seismic performance of the member-level failure where the failure event of the structural member consists of the union set of time-sequential member failures during the earthquake excitations and the failure probability of the earthquake-excited structural member is computed using system reliability approach to consider the statistical dependence of member failures between the subsequent time points. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed approach can present a reliable assessment of the control performance of the viscous damper system in comparison with MCS method. The most important advantage of the proposed approach can provide us more accurate estimate of failure probability of the structural control system by using the actual time-history responses obtained by dynamic response analysis.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.153-169
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• 2014

Objectives : This paper was motivated by the discovery that there is a regimen which is more realistic and can be used in practical life with deep consideration of Dangye's thought through Judangye's book Gyeokchiyeoron. Methods : First, after looking into the movement of the heart through the contents of natural science underlying Dangye's regimen thought, this paper intends to examine regimens by dividing them into a regimen of food, regimen of sexual desire, and regimen for infancy and the elderly according to age on the basis of the contents included in Gyeokchiyeoron. Results : As for food, Dangye argued that it's necessary that people should avoid overeating and savory taste and observe the proper time for eating, and as for sexual desire, Dangye argued that people should control themselves from bodily and mental aspects. In addition, this paper could learn that as for infants, what matter are eating, clothes to wear, their mother's role, and education while as for the elderly, what matter are taking good care of the spleen and stomach, and children's filial piety, and the elderly should awaken themselves to sound mentality. Conclusions : Through the research on Gyeokchiyeoron, this paper was able to learn that Dangye-argued regimen includes a regimen of food, sexual desire, and a regimen for infants and the elderly; in addition, this paper could learn that there are some parts of Dangye-argued regimen contents, which anyone can easily apply in reality.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.41
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• pp.26.1-26.7
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• 2019

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate clinical and pharmacoepidemiologic characteristics of medicationrelated osteonecrosis of the jaw. Methods: The study population is comprised of 86patients who were diagnosed with ONJ at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital from 2008 to 2015. Factors for epidemiologic evaluation were gender, age, location of lesion, and clinical history. The types of bisphosphonates, duration of intake, and the amount of accumulated dose were evaluated for therapeutic response. Clinical symptoms and radiographic images were utilized for the assessment of prognosis. Results: Among the 86 patients, five were male, whereas 81 were female with mean age of 73.98 (range 45-97). Location of the lesion was in the mandible for 58 patients and maxilla in 25 patients. Three patients had both mandible and maxilla affected. This shows that the mandible is more prone to the formation of ONJ lesions compared to the maxilla. ONJ occurred in 38 cases after extraction, nine cases after implant surgery, six cases were denture use, and spontaneously in 33 cases. Seventy-six patients were taking other drugs aside from drugs indicated for osteoporosis. Most of these patients were diagnosed as osteoporosis, rheumatic arthritis, multiple myeloma, or had a history of cancer therapy. Higher weighted total accumulation doses were significantly associated with poorer prognosis (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Dose, duration, route, and relative potency of bisphosphonates are significantly associated with treatment prognosis of osteonecrosis of the jaw.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.193-204
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• 2016

Objectives: This study examined the statistical relevance of whether the systemic predisposing factors affect the prognosis of surgical treatment of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). All cases had undergone bone biopsies to determine the characteristics of the mechanisms of BRONJ by optical microscopy. Materials and Methods: The data included 54 BRONJ cases who underwent surgery and in whom bone biopsies were performed. The results of surgery were evaluated and the results were classified into 3 categories: normal recovery, delayed recovery, and recurrence after surgery. The medical history, such as diabetes mellitus, medication of steroids, malignancies on other sites was investigated for an evaluation of the systemic predisposing factors in relation to the prognosis. The three factors involved with the medication of bisphosphonate (BP) were the medication route, medication period, and drug holiday of BP before surgery. The serum C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide (CTX) value and presence of microorganism colony in bone biopsy specimens were also checked. Statistical analysis was then carried out to determine the relationship between these factors and the results of surgery. Results: The group of patients suffering from diabetes and on steroids tended to show poorer results after surgery. Parenteral medication of BP made the patients have a poorer prognosis after surgery than oral medication. In contrast, the medication period and drug holiday of BP before surgery did not have significance with the results of surgery nor did the serum CTX value and presence of microorganism colony. Necrotic bone specimens in this study typically showed disappearing new bone formation around the osteocytic lacunae and destroyed Howship's lacunae. Conclusion: Although many variables exist, this study could in part, predict the prognosis of surgical treatment of BRONJ by taking the patient's medical history.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.4593-4596
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• 2015

Background: Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection is the main risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma and is often found in Northeastern Thailand. The prevalence of OV infection and the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma are major public health problems in this region. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to identify factors associated with OV infection among people in Nong Khai Province in order to develop a prevention programme in the community. Materials and Methods: The data were collected in July 2013. Stool specimens were examined for intestinal parasites within hours after collection using a normal saline wet preparation and the modified Kato-Katz technique. A case-control study was conducted to collect information about demographic data, the habit of eating unsafely prepared fish, the safe disposal of waste food, and the practice of defaecating in fields. Structured questionnaires were used to interview 351 participants (117 cases and 234 controls) in a random selection of 30 villages across Nong Khai Province. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for OV infection. Results: In the multivariate analysis, the results showed that the factors which had a statistically significant association with OV infection were the habit of consuming unsafely prepared fish ($OR_{adj}=5.17$, 95%CI=2.49-10.74), the similar habit of family members ($OR_{adj}=3.25$, 95%CI=1.63-6.49), a history of O. viverrini infection ($OR_{adj}=5.64$, 95%CI=2.10-15.18), a history of taking praziquantel ($OR_{adj}=5.66$, 95%CI=3.11-10.29), and the unsafe disposal of waste food ($OR_{adj}=2.1$, 95%CI=1.10-3.80). Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the features on which a community programme should focus in order to reduce the prevalence of opisthorchiasis and incidence of bile duct cancer.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.4 s.17
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• pp.29-47
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• 1998

The aim of this study is to understand the original methods of architectural composition in F. L. Wright's works, For this purpose, the principal thoughts based on his organic architecture was examined over all others, and the results of this study are as follows. 1. F. L. Wright knew Taoist Philosophy, especially Lao-tzu's thought about space based on traditional oriental arts included traditional japanese arts by his superior intuition. this is similar to Froebel Thought in the principal theory, that is, his own unique field of abstract architectural education with three-dimensional geometry learned through Froebel Gifts. 2. Space is reality ; such Lao-tzu's thought, reversed the sense of values, influenced F. L. Wright's way to accomplish his own continuous space. that is to say, he attempted taking precedence of spatial organization by the unit of three-dimensional module made the substance, Froebel Blocks (3, 4, 5, 6 Gifts) into non-substance, and trying to do the methods of continuous liberal composition in architecture. which is his original accomplishment, namely his mentioned 'democratic' because of judging the space and the mold of architecture as individualities. 3. F. L. Wright treated the space as a positive entity, so that he created his own architecture organically combined with spaces and forms. : This was the result that he comprehended both formative, physical worth in West and spatial, non-physical worth in East as equivalence. It is understood that F. L. Wright's works combined with East and West are the significance of his architecture and the progress of true internationalities and modernization in modern architecture. 4. From the analyses of his works, we knew the fact that F. L. Wright's architecture, especially in the spatial organization were performed by the reasonable methods with geometric system of Froebel Gifts. In the observation of our fundamental way of thinking on his architecture, this study shows the necessity to let us get out of preconceptions and conclusions that the organic architecture is mysterious and difficult, but to systematize and put his organic methods to practical use.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.144-149
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• 2000

A psychogenic seizure is a disorder which is occasionally met by neurologists and psychiatrists. The most important thing that clinicians should do is differential diagnosis with true epileptic seizures. Especially psychiatrists are expected to be able to diagnose psychogenic seizures through a thorough history taking and an observation of clinical features to some degree before the confirmatory diagnoses. We experienced a case of 11-year-old girl with psychogenic seizure which was characterized by obvious psychological and environmental stress, clinical features, and good outcome by prompt a loboratoy examination and psychiatric intervention. To diagnose and treat childhood psychogenic seizures, we suggest that it is very important to examine the familial background and take a thorough history, and perform psychoeducational intervention in addition to electroencephalogram.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.186-190
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• 2015

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating and inflammatory condition of the central nervous system, occurring predominantly in white matter. ADEM involving the rhombencephalon without affecting the white matter is very rare. Here, we present an unusual case of ADEM involving only the rhombencephalon in a 4-year-old Asian girl. The patient complained of pain in the right lower extremities, general weakness, ataxia, and dysarthria. The initial brain CT showed subtle ill-defined low-density lesions in the pons and medulla. On brain MRI, T2 high signal intensity (T2-HSI) lesions with mild swelling were present in the pons, both middle cerebellar peduncles, and the anterior medulla. The initial diagnosis was viral encephalitis involving the rhombencephalon. Curiously, a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) study revealed no cellularity, and negative viral marker findings. Three weeks later, follow up brain MRI showed that the extent of the T2-HSI lesions in the brain stem had decreased. After reinvestigation, it was found that she had a prior history of upper respiratory infection. In this case, we report the very rare case of a patient showing isolated involvement of the rhombencephalon in ADEM, mimicking viral rhombencephalitis on CT and MR imaging. ADEM can involve unusual sites such as the rhombencephalon in isolation, without involvement of the white matter or deep gray matter and, therefore, should be considered even when it appears in unusual anatomical areas. Thorough history taking is important for making a correct diagnosis.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.85-88
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• 2011

Purpose: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a relatively uncommon type of stress-induced cardiomyopathy characterized by transient left ventricular regional wall motion abnormalities. Emotional and physical stresses play a key role in this type of cardiomyopathy in postmenopausal women. The current hypothesis is that the syndrome represents a form of catecholamine surge due to stress or epinephrine-mediated acute myocardial stunning. Methods: A 44-year-old woman had suffered premature ventricular contraction following a cardiogenic shock during a breast augmentation surgery under enflurane anesthesia and tumescent solution infiltration. She was treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation at a local clinic. Then she was brought to the Emergency Department of the authors' hospital. Results: The woman's echocardiogram showed an ejection fraction of 20~25% with associated basal hyperkinesis and left ventricular apical ballooning. The patient was admitted to the ICU and required inotropic support for two weeks. The patient's condition dramatically improved, and her ejection fraction returned to 70%. Conclusion: It is believed that there were multiple triggering factors of the onset of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in the woman's social and family history, including infiltration of a large volume of the tumescent solution and VPCs induced by enflurane anesthesia without premedication. The importance of careful history-taking, careful pre-operative consultation on psychological suffering especially for breast surgery, premedication before surgery, patient reassurance, and post-operative psychosocial and emotional assistance was again seen in this case.