• 영어영문학
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.27-49
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• 2011

This article proposes to stay away from contemporary critical arguments concerning Michael's value system, which is construed mainly from his choice between his patrimonial lands and his son Luke. Presuming that Michael's value system as have been argued so far could never be the poet Wordsworth's own concern at the time of the composition of the poem "Michael," this article proposes to get back to the all too real socio-historical situation of the early nineteenth-century England. Mere consideration of the socio-historical situation, when combined with a close reading of the poetic text (a close reading of both the poetic story and the poetic history from which the story may be said to have been constructed), directs us to the poet working on the simple paradigm of 'the country and the city at war with each other' but the victory having been given to the city already. The guarantee contract for a supposedly prospering nephew's debt and the letter from another prospering relative in London are undoubtedly the key elements that lead us to the war paradigm. Michael's family members, each and all including Michael himself, and all of their village people, have been imbued with the city's commercial values, which renders them all the more easier victims within the war context. Luke's defeat in the city is viewed as being really the consequence, rather than the cause, of Michael's defeat, which became apparent as soon as the news of the latter's financial disaster reached his ear. Michael should therefore be regarded as one of the typical English countryfolk of the time, with whom Wordsworth often, but not always, identifies himself. Insofar as the economic view or attitude is concerned, there certainly is a distance between Michael and Wordsworth, this article argues.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.216-232
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• 2020

본 연구는 중국 역사문화도시의 현대 공공조형물의 표현 특성을 분석, 공공조형물이 어떻게 효율적으로 역사 문화 요소에 개입하여, 장소성을 표출할 수 있는가를 파악하고자 함으로서 공공조형물이 지닌 장소적 의미와 적용에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법은 첫째, 문헌고찰로 역사 문화 도시의 개념, 장소성의 개념 등을 이해하여 이론적 기반을 제공하였다. 둘째, 선행연구 고찰을 통해 공공조형물의 표현특성을 분석하며 10명의 조형 및 디자인 전문가로부터 특성에 대한 평가를 통해 장소성과 관련이 가장 많은 8개 요소를 선정하였다. 셋째, 사례분석으로 중국의 대표적인 도시인 상해, 북경, 광주의 공공조형물 중 발행량이 가장 많은 7개 잡지에서 60개 사례를 선정하여 전문가의 평가를 통해 최종 15개 공공조형물을 선정하였다. 연구 결과에 따르면, 역사 문화 요소의 발굴이나 도시 현대 인문 정취를 표현함에 있어서 세 도시의 공공 조형물 모두 각기 다른 장소성을 구현하였다. 독자적인 선진 기술이 가져온 예술적 독창성과 대중과의 상호작용을 결합하여 도시만의 독특한 역사 인문적 요소를 활용하여 다른 지역과 다른 장소를 만들어내는 것이 공공 조형물의 발전 추세이다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.83-95
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• 2012

Seismic damage and vulnerability of five historical masonry structures surveyed after the 1999 Kocaeli and Duzce, Turkey earthquakes are discussed in this paper. The structures are located in two neighboring cities that have been struck by five very large ($M_s{\geq}7.0$) earthquakes during the $20^{th}$ century alone. Older masonry mosques with arches and domes and their masonry minarets (slender towers) were among the most affected structures in this highly seismic region. While some of the religious and historical structures had virtually no damage, most structures suffered significant damage or collapsed. In the city of Bolu, for example, approximately 600-year-old Imaret, 500-year-old Kadi, 250-year-old Sarachane, and 100-year-old Yildirim Bayezid mosques suffered substantial structural damage after the 1999 earthquakes. Another historical mosque surveyed in Duzce partially collapsed. Most common factors contributing to deterioration of historical structures are also presented. Furthermore, a brief overview of issues associated with analysis and modeling of historical masonry structures is provided.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2007

The idea that city culture can be employed as a driver for urban development has become part of the new orthodoxy by which cities seek to enhance their competitive position. Such development reflect not only the rise to prominence of the cultural sphere in the city development, but also how the meaning of culture has been refined to include new uses in order to meet the main objectives of sustainable development. This study focuses on the procedure how the cultural infrastructure and historical context can be applied for urban regeneration strategy. Two successful cases (Bilbao, Spain and Yokohama, Japan) were selected for analysis of strategies as a whole, background, main characteristics of culture-led urban regeneration strategies and their effect for urban regeneration have been analyzed in detail. In conclusion, lessons for the future development were suggested in terms of resources, planning and linking strategies.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is that investigated the characteristics of integral planning related factors using the history and culture of Mojiko. It is a small city that has been urbanized after the opening of the port for logistics transportation in the modern period of Japan. As the function of the logistics city, which is the factor of the expansion of the town, declined, Mojiko applied the retro concept to the harbor which has lost its popularity due to the regional characteristics of the city to increase and revitalize local visits. Mojiko has steadily promoted the retro style of landscape and town development over 30 years, focusing on 18 Historical buildings and modern infrastructure. We analyzed characteristics of integrated urban planning include the regulation, landscape institution. Moreover, we suggest the result of the designation process of a core scenery maintenance district and the components of the plan after the designation analysis and provide essential data for revitalizing the field based on the historic city for the cultural establishment and beautiful town in the future. And deliver vital data to reviving the area based on the historical city culture establishment and beautiful town in the future.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.18-30
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• 2005

Since the 1990s, with the beginning of local autonomy, most Korean cities have tried to establish and reinforce their own identity. The Law on the Planning and the Use of National Land, which took effect in January 2003, requires major and minor cities to manage and develop a city image and a marketing strategy to reflect their current condition. However, many cities continue to experience confusion in implementing urban landscape planning because no efficient and systematic method has been provided for the analysis of a city's image. The absence of systematic analysis methods makes it difficult not only to assess the current condition of a city accurately but also to choose an appropriate policy for the given city. Consequently, many cities suffer excessive trials and errors in implementing the correct policies for their city. The purpose of this study was to analyze the image: of Kongju, which has many historical properties. For this purpose, adjective questionnaires and multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) were made use of in order to assess the city image. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. There are five properties that serve as landmarts lie symbolize Kongju: Muryeong royal tomb, Castle Kong, Mt. Gyeoiryong, Forest Museum, and Kongju National Museum. 2. Based on the citizen survey regarding the city type, Kongju is seen as a historical and an educational city. 3. Based on the image positioning (image spatial plot), Kongju is described as an old and familiar city. There we, however, no landmarks which are in accord with the image of Kongju. It is difficult to establish and reinforce the image of a city with a single element like a landmark However, with steady follow-up research, this study may serve as a systematic and logical model to improve the urban landscape and image.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2011

Thanks to the historic sites, the identity of historical landscape of Gyeongju is definitely recognized. When explaining, in other words, the identity of urban scape, we have to know the characteristics of landscape with the changes of the times. Therefore this study is tried to understand the urban scape form and meaning of the historic city Gyeongju, futhermore to find out the identity of urban scape, catching hold of the characteristics of landscape by periods. The research was proceeded through the classifying the concept of Urban form by periods and the basic ideology and adopting the representative landscape at that time with the literatures and maps in the Silla period. And then tried to find out the identity of landscape with the link between the concepts of the representative landscape and that of Urban form in chronological order. The results of this study is relativeness between city and natural environment, type of the Grid - Pattern on urban form, basic ideals were inspired by Buddhism.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2009년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.239-243
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• 2009

지방자치단체의 도입과 정착으로 지역 간의 다양한 경쟁으로 도시마케팅에 대한 중요성이 매우 증대되고 있다. 이에 따라 지역발전을 위한 일련의 활성화 정책들이 등장하기 시작하고 이 과정에서 지역들이 갖고 있는 고유의 역사와 문화는 훌륭한 핵심수단으로 인식되기 시작했다. 도시가 경쟁력을 갖기 위해 그 도심만의 유 무형의 자원을 개발하여 이를 매력적인 자산으로 활용하는 것이 그 출발점이라 할 수 있다. 그 지역이 갖는 도시정체성을 확립하고 이를 위해 특별한 장소 만들기를 위한 계기가 필요하다. 이러한 도시정체성은 그 도시가 지금까지 지내온 시간을 바탕으로 한다. 이러한 역사적인 요소를 통해 지역의 이미지를 제고시키는 전략을 개발하여 대외적인 홍보방안 수립을 위한 이미지 강화 프로그램을 제안하고 한다. 대전시에 존재하는 문화적 요소인 근대 역사물의 보존과 활용을 통해 지역의 매력적인 도시로서 이미지를 제고 시키고 도시 정체성에 대한 포지셔닝을 구축하고, 지속가능한 도시 재생에 대한 시사점을 제공하고자 한다.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2008년 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.241-246
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• 2008

The research objective of this thesis aims to utilize the history and culture of cities as resources and to solve the problems of modern urban environment which can produce non-personality in the age of globalization. This study deals the Sustainable Urbanism and Architectural System in the Historical city ; First, Historic resources and its spatial characteristics. Second, reused resources and remodeling of existing building. Third, Sustaiabl design component and management process. Historic resource are not only a cultural and spatial aspects but also it have potential importance in environmental aspects. Sustainable urbanism and architectural environment are cultural resource and it can be enhanced by long term established spatial orders. In order to keep the order, rehabilitation, reuse, remodeling of urban space should be managed by various participations which concerned with the city and urban architecture. That can be say systematic approach for the sustainable environment.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.77-88
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• 1997

The city of Dalian has been developed under varied geo-political situation since the later part of nineteenth century up to now where a considerable mutation is taking place. In this study we tried to trace the historical evolution process of Dalien as second important port of China playing the role as center of North-Eastern Region in the field of Industry, foreign exchange, finance and tourist industry. The result reveals possibility of the city to excelerate its development under present circumstances toward the opened system of economical policy.