• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.56 no.2
• /
• pp.222-243
• /
• 2023

In this study, we looked at how to preserve and use the Yibugok earthen fortification ruin in Sangju, which has recently been actively investigated and researched. Now that the coronavirus pandemic has become a reality, a utilization plan using local historical and cultural resources can be the starting point for regional revitalization. To this end, this study first reviewed the historical value of the Sangju Yibugok earthen fortification. The historical and cultural resource value of the fortification was reviewed in recent archaeological achievements along with the results of existing literature research, and distortion in its utilization was avoided. Next, an analysis of the perception of the demand class and local residents, the subject of utilization, was conducted with visitor statistics and surveys. This is because empathy for historical and cultural resources by the demand class and local residents, who are the main agents of utilization, is the most important factor in the use of cultural assets. Based on the theoretical review presented above, the use cases of ancient fortification ruins were examined in the last chapter 4, and a utilization plan for the fortification was presented focusing on empathy. This study was conducted with a focus on the historical value of the use of the fortification ruins, the empathy of the demand class, and the public. In order to overcome the crisis in Sangju, a high-risk area due to population decline, various measures must be proposed, and establishing historical and cultural identity at the center of Sabeolguk and enhancing its image through various utilization measures can be one of the alternatives.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.55 no.2
• /
• pp.132-144
• /
• 2022

The representative cultural heritage showing relatively clearly the growth and development of the Mahan culture in Jeollabuk-do is the tombs in Sangun-ri, Wanju. The tombs were excavated in the early 2000s; however, little effort has since been made to investigate or preserve the wider area around the tombs. Thus, only the status quo has been maintained except for the conservation of a few relic parks. In recent years, active cultural management has become necessary to maintain the historic areas in the Mahan cultural region, so these tombs are once again receiving attention. To further the preservation efforts in the area, it is important to actively discuss budget adjustments, consider additional investigation, and re-examine the academic value of the historic site. Practical limitations mean that it is necessary to approach the conservation strategy in stages. The first step is to have the areas of cultural interest and any adjacent lands urgently designated as provincially protected cultural heritage. Consequently, historically important areas on private land should be identified and purchased. Thereafter, a preservation plan should be established to reinforce the historical value of the sites as nationally designated historic sites. This can be achieved through the restoration of the landscape adjacent to the historic sites, as well as additional investigations and designation of sites in surrounding areas. These goals can only be achieved with the active interest and support of relevant institutions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.64-75
• /
• 2010

Gyeongju, with its thousand-year-old history of the Silla Dynasty, is an impressive historical city where beautiful nature of mountains in the background and rivers in its front is getting along with the city landscape. The historic landscape of Gyeongju is divided into three groups: the old town, the ruins preservation region in the southeast of old towns, and the natural landscape region surrounding these regions. The old town region shows a common landscape of which general small cities in Korea may have, while its surroundings display the overlaps of natural and historic landscapes. The special city landscape is presented only in Gyeongju. Nevertheless, the northern area of the old town was built based on the concept of new towns without any height restriction of buildings, damaging the historic landscape of Gyeongju. It is misjudgment by interpreting the cultural heritage as the individual artifact rather than the continuous historic landscape. Since the 1970s when rapid industrialization and urbanization appeared along with the comprehensive development for Gyeongju tourism, the historic landscape has been slowly damaged. There were not enough financial and political supports from the central government, because the project for Gyeongju tourism was focused on the investment on the tourist industry. Now, in order to preserve the historical city like Gyeongju which represents the culture of Korea, the central government should actively engage in its protection. Policies of the central government should be focused on educating people that the historical restoration of Gyeongju is a way of recovering the national pride, and drawing the agreement of people. For its accomplishment, the government should change its policy from economy-oriented to culture-oriented. That is, the cultural policy should be emphasized.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.32-47
• /
• 2013

The concepts of authenticity and integrity are very important standards to be satisfied in the conservation and utilization of Scenic Site (名勝), literally meaning the places of scenic beauty, as a public heritage. These concepts, which are frequently used in the conservation and utilization of the World Heritage inscribed by UNESCO, can be applied to all kinds of heritages. Recently, it has been widely recognized that the concepts of authenticity and integrity are not separable but interconnected. Accordingly, the maintenance of authenticity in Scenic Site should include not only the physical preservation but also the succession of historical tradition of enjoyment. The integrity in Scenic Site refers to the physical and social conditions under which authenticity can be satisfactorily protected. The aim of this study is to reconstruct the traditional ways of enjoying historical and cultural Scenic Site with emphasis on the Yeongnam Region and make a critical examination of cultural property protection areas that have been designated. Then, this study aims to find the ways to utilize Scenic Site to secure the standards of authenticity and integrity. As a result it was discovered that cultural property protection areas are not designated well enough to satisfy the standards of authenticity and integrity. Considering the fact that cultural property protection areas are the minimal institutional systems to maintain the original value of Scenic Site, it is necessary to pay more careful attention to the ways of securing the authenticity and integrity in Scenic Site.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.107-117
• /
• 2016

In this study, six historical parks in Seoul is analyzed. Based on the analysis, the representative values of the historical parks in Seoul draw three criteria such as historicity, educational attributes, and sociality, and also the type of historic and cultural resources, spatial functions and arrangements, circulation and accessibility, and the type and usage of introduced facilities. Consequently the current status and improvement plan is suggested as follows. First, cultural assets oriented historical parks such as Sayuksin Bongeun and Seonnongdan historical Park focus on the management based on the preservation of historic and cultural resources. Non designated cultural heritages oriented historic parks such as Shingye Yanghwajin Itaewon-bugundang historic park should focus on the usages the symbolize and commemorate historic and cultural resources. Second, Careful attitudes on the historicity of the park are needed in the mixed type of historic and cultural resources that determine the identity such as Yanghwajin Itaewon-bugundang historic park. Third, the rate of facilities in Bongeun and Shingye historical park is increased due to the renovation of religion facilities, rather than the neighborhood parks. The autonomy of regulations that does not have the limits of the area of park facilities weaken the publicity of the historical parks. Fourth, Shingye historical park suggest changing its name into Danggogae martyrs' shrine historical park. because its historic and cultural resources are included as the historic park is named. Fifth, the current problems such as numerous uncontrolled entrances, mixed uses in circulation, and accessible failure due to the closure are recognized. Therefore, the entrances and circulations should be articulated clearly in order to increase opportunities of experience for visitors in the historic and cultural resources, and also neighborhood facility should be suitably divided. Sixth, the park facilities in the neighborhood parks are introduced equally in Seoul historical parks. The uses and arrangements that considered the circumstance of the historical parks should be determined in the cultural facilities such as outdoor music hall and sporting facilities. Seventh, historic facilities that named historic hall, culture hall, memorial hall, and promotion hall in the historic parks are utilized for convenience and religion facilities. Institutional framework should be examined to keep publicity in the historic parks by spatial privatization of the specific group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
• /
• 2007.10b
• /
• pp.118-126
• /
• 2007

Seoul has been the former capital from Joseon founded in 1932 by this time for 600 years. Seoul populated by some 10,290,000 people is the largest city in Korea. There are lots of cultural inheritance such as the castle town and 5 palaces including Gyeongbokgung in Seoul. Especially neungs(royal tombs) from 27 generations of king and queen in the Joseon dynasty during 518 years are very important cultural inheritance. The royal tombs were built from the castle town to the radius outside 4km within 40km pivoting on Seoul. Joseon royal tombs might have significant cultural value, which are representative Korean people's spirits for ancestor worship. After the 1945 Liberation of Korea those are having been managed by Office of Cultural Properties after Ministry of Education. This paper tried to find the changing process of the conservation and maintenance, the location of royal tomb area, the changing process of royal tomb, the area changing clue of modernization process, and in the historical city, Seoul. The royal tombs in the Joseon dynasty of the radius outside 4km within 40km pivoting on Seoul have been contributed to providing the metropolitan, Seoul population with the cultural and green spaces for 600 years. In the Joseon dynasty the royal tombs had been taken charge of thoroughly by the Royal Household with Neungchamboing system from Confucian background for ancestor worship. There after they had been damaged somewhat by the Japanese Imperialism period, the Korean War, and the pressure of urbanization. But the original state has been preserved well by state management. The royal tombs in the Joseon dynasty has been kept the culture of royal tomb's and memorial services with stone sculptures for 518 years. Also there are lots of documentary records of royal tombs. The memorial services of the tombs are held by Jongyakwon of Jeonju Lee family every year. The royal tombs somewhat damaged are needed to the original state of the transferred right of managing agency by the related national bodies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.148-165
• /
• 2015

The Cultural Properties Protection Law Act 1962 has been achieving its role for systematic preservation, management and application of the cultural heritage under rapid economic growth circumstances through continuing revisions. Introduced the influence review system for cultural heritages in 2000, and legislated the guideline for the state-change allowance standard for the National Cultural Heritage in 2006 in specific, the law has been contributing significantly for the cultural properties and historical/cultural environment preservation, along with increase in administrative efficiency and improvement on settlement environment. However, increase in public awareness about the cultural property's value and the needs for the local revitalization by utilizing the heritages, while some allowance standard not peoperly delivering the surrounding conditions, such as the value of the properties and their substantial characteristics, land utilization, etc. being applied, complaints from the local residents are increasing continuously. Thus this research focuses on clear vision/value of the heritage and apply them to create the review criteria for the state-change allowance per heritages. Here we set the Focus of Landscape Management Indicators in order to actively preserve and manage the physical characteristics and the native value by analyzing the Cultural Heritage Protection Laws and related guidelines, manuals and research papers, and redesign the cultural propertiy's classification scheme and propose the Review Standard for state-change from the view point of changing the current state. With this research, we expect increase in the satisfaction for the Property management system with public understanding promotion regarding the Standards by applying the reviewed state-change allowance Standards, white securing the consistency for the review criteria as well as the systematic management of historical/cultural environment with their typification characteristics and the value for short-term.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.10
• /
• pp.559-568
• /
• 2017

recent times, the monthly rent in the Jongno-gu Historical and Cultural Street in Seoul has rapidly increased, because of the presence of large-scale franchises and the entry of private investment into the traditional and local businesses focusing on Bukchon, Seochon, Insa-dong, and Samcheong-dong. As a result, the business environment for these merchants has worsened, due to the increasing economic burden. In order to maintain the business environment of the merchants, it is necessary to evaluate the potential for establishing a regional commercial area, in order to resolve the problems of the existing commercial areas and to improve the locational, economic, cultural and political environment. This study analyzed the factors influencing the merchants' satisfaction with the business environment as a function of their age, by considering three age groups, viz. 30-49, 50-59, and more than 60, considering the locational, economic, cultural and political environment of the merchants. Among the factors influencing the satisfaction with the business environment, the merchants in their 30s and 40s placed more emphasis on the traffic accessibility, floating population, store premium and monthly rent than the other age groups. Among the factors influencing the satisfaction with the business environment, the merchants in their 50s placed more emphasis on the cultural organization, artist activities, expansion of community support facilities, and banning of franchises in certain locations than the other age groups. Among the factors influencing the satisfaction with the business environment, the merchants over 60 years old placed more emphasis on the walking accessibility, monthly sales, merchant community, preservation of historical and cultural landscape, and commercial protection of the government than the other age groups.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
• /
• 2008.11a
• /
• pp.163-166
• /
• 2008

With both Gatdui and Daean areas, under construction for upgrading the old housing in Gyeongju downtown area, this study was carried out to find out implications of upgrading methods in a historical and cultural city, by using a physical survey in the areas and life survey among their residents, as well as by analysing the level of their satisfaction with and requirement for housing and their preferring housing type. The upgrading patterns of residents were analysed by examining cases constructed newly in the manner of upgrading. The findings showed that it is required for both existing authorities and private parties to assume roles and responsibilities for upgrading the old housing while recently there have been continuous conflicts between development and preservation of the historic and cultural resources within the city and even the city identity also has been neglected by residents. In addition, it is necessary to take development conditions and resident's economic situation into consideration and introduce a wide range of methods for rearrangement, by turning the importance of housing upgrading to social rearrangement for the purpose of positive alternation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.183-190
• /
• 2014

Since Scenic Sites, heritages to protect the value of landscapes, include valleys and mountains, the cultural heritage protection zones and historical and cultural environments preservation districts are designated extensively. So the landscape protection effects of the designation of scenic sites should be examined. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to present the methods of efficient institution of district for landscape protection of scenic sites. As the research subject, Cheongamjeong Pavilion and Seokcheongyegok Valley in Bonghwa (Scenic Site No. 60), which has the highest designation rate, was selected. The results of this research using the cumulative visibility technique of GIS are as follows. First, the method of selecting the viewpoint by preparing the reverse cumulative visibility from important landscape resources of the valley was presented. The reverse cumulative visibility can be utilized for rational selection of the viewpoint with regard to scenic sites. Second, the landscape analysis method in consideration of human viewing angle and the visibility of the background of landscape resources was developed. Third, the hierarchical landscape protection method of scenic sites utilizing cumulative visibility was presented. Fourth, it was established through on-site inspections that the method of institution of district is the practical method.