• 천문학논총
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.129-140
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• 2011

In this paper, we have studied Sogyupyo (小圭表, small noon gnomon) of the Joseon dynasty. According to the Veritable Records of King Sejong (世宗, 1418 - 1450), Daegyupyo (大圭表, large noon gnomon) with a height of 40-feet [尺] was constructed by Jeong, Cho (鄭招) and his colleagues in 1435, and installed around Ganuidae (簡儀臺, platform of Ganui). On the contrary, the details of Sogyupyo are unknown although the shadow length measurements by Daegyupyo and Sogyupyo are found on the Veritable Records of King Myeongjong (明宗, 1545 - 1567). By analysing historical documents and performing experiments, we have investigated the construction details of Sogyupyo including its development year, manufacturer, and installation spot. We have found that Sogyupyo would be manufactured by King Sejong in 1440 and placed around Ganuidae. And Sogyupyo would be five times smaller than Daegyupyo, i.e., 8-feet. On the basis of experiments, we suggest that although it is smaller, Sogyupyo was equipped with a bar [橫梁] and a pin-hole projector [影符] like Daegyupyo in order to produce the observation precision presented in the Veritable Record of King Myeongjong.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.67-85
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• 2010

The purpose of this consideration is to present fundamental data for understanding and development the historical approach of Korea Protection by re-examining Royal guarding system through the history in Early Chosun Dynasty. This paper initiated from this critical mind seeking to understand the changing phase of Korea Guarding system, and fundamentally to find the future-oriented ways for the Guarding system. The main materials of history in Early Chosun Dynasty were re-examined, investigated and analyzed and the main references are a code of laws and official as well as private documents such as Kukjo-Oreyeui. Guards system for Royal prince has been found in Byung-jeon of Kyungguk-daejon. he Guards organization has dual system, one was Gumgun which was a private military man and the other was Wuibyung which was a Central military man. On the contrary, central military man were normally protected the royale palaces, but when the King come and go they accompanied and protected the King in safety zone. But just in case they did a job as a member of capital protection military affairs. A question of finance was the reason why there had been dual protection system due to financial matter. If it increased number of man it would pay much money, therefore central military man who has no relevance to national finance were supplied as members of military affairs for the protection of king.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.11-24
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• 2015

There have not been many debates on the subject of Korean architecture during the transformative period of Gae Wha Gi (開化期: Enlightenment Period of Korea), when Western-style buildings first appeared in Seoul. This study begins by finding and recording those buildings in Seoul that show the gradual adoption and appropriation of Western architectural elements at the turn of the 20th century. By exploring the confluence of two different architectural styles, this paper attempts to look carefully at the hybrid conditions that resulted from encounters between the Koreans and the Westerners in the late 19th and early 20th century. Beginning with discovering the first products of the Western architectural influence in Seoul, this study explores the uneasy co-existence between the traditional Korean architectural style, and the Western architectural style. This co-existence ultimately bred new building techniques, and interior layouts; the appearance of these hybrid buildings illustrate the gradual transition from the traditional way, in which users modified, combined and appropriated various elements from both styles. Analyzing historical documents and photos, this study tries to capture a detailed image of the period when the influence of the Western architecture had an unavoidable impact and brought change to the traditional architecture of Korea.

• 자연과학논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.95-111
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• 2008

This paper aims to discussion the characteristics of location and spatial organization on the Donam SeoWon(confucian academy). To do this, we studied in analysis of the present conditions and photographing, research materials about the from of physical structure and review of historical documents. The result of analysis in the sight of the location and spatial organization was good matched. The spatial organization of the Donam SeoWon(confucian academy) was divided into entry space, lecturing space, management space and sacrificial space. Jonhakhumyo constructs axis of “Sanangru - Ipdeokmun - Yangseongdang - Naesammun - Sungryesa” and Eungdodang that not removed hall with 1880 shows characteristics a right angle in the left side of axis remove to location of present 1971. The result of this study, analysis of axis and Spatial structure shows backgrounds of these locations shows that the political and social, economical phenomena were influenced to the locations and spatial organization of the Donam SeoWon(confucian academy).

• 건축역사연구
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2018

This paper is to clarify on the characteristics of the Haeeumwonji and the Main Palace of the Goryo Dynasty. The architectural techniques and construction methods such as embankment, stylobate, stairway, foundation stone, and pave are similar to those of the Haeeumwonji and the Main Palace of the Goryo Dynasty. In order to express the hierarchy of the area and building, the materials, techniques, and forms of the embankment, stylobate, stairway, foundation stone and pave were used differently. The paving of the floor of the main building and area is also an active expression of the hierarchy and status of the building area and the building through the use of building materials, techniques and forms. This result confirms the support of Goryeo royal family and the upper class for the construction of Haeeumwonji, which is recorded in the historical documents. And it also shows that the architectural techniques and processing method of the same period were shared in the capital and provinces, which is an important clue that proves that the capital-centered architectural technology has spread to the provinces. It is expected that additional research will be needed on the characteristics of the period of 12th century architecture technique in which Haeeumwonji was built.

• 영어영문학
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.645-666
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• 2013

In the history of the study of Shakespeare's texts the eighteenth century marked the emergence of editors, and in the history of Shakespearean editing Edmond Malone's emphasis on documentary evidence inaugurated a new stage. Malone's antiquarian scholarship sought to establish Shakespeare in the theatrical context of his age and a historically informed view of the physical circumstances under which he wrote his plays. Malone's editorial use of historical sources in terms of Shakespeare's past formulated a new mode of ascertaining his authorship: the construction of Shakespeare as a man of the theatre as well as of literature. Malone was the first scholar to recognize Shakespeare's merits as an actor, and to introduce the concept of the theatrical Shakespeare, which has become the scholarly norm since. In this respect this paper is designed to demonstrate that Malone's editorial principle and practice are characteristic of the identification of the factual documents of Shakespeare's biography, the authentication of his material to attain his true text, and the construction of his personal experiences through intensive readings of his plays. In conclusion, Malone's new criteria laid the foundation for the progress towards authorizing Shakespeare, thereby canonizing him as a figure of the theatrical and literary authority.

• 천문학논총
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.147-160
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• 2023

In this study, we explore and catalog Korean astronomical heritages that are known to be preserved in foreign countries. We exclude old astronomical books from the catalog because they have been well studied and exist in numbers far too large for the scope of this study. From various documents and online collections, we find a total of 38 Korean astronomical heritages in six countries: 10, 11, and 14 items from the UK, France, and Japan, respectively, and 1 item from Germany, the US, and China each. These include items that are suspected to be of Chinese heritage and items of unconfirmed possession status. We divide the astronomical heritages primarily into two groups: time-keeping instruments (18 items) and astronomical charts (20 items). In this paper, we briefly review them according to country. We believe that this study provides a foundation for further detailed studies on each item, such as the Gujang-Cheonsang-Yeolcha-Bunya-Jido (舊藏天象列次分野之圖) preserved in the Library of Congress, United States.

• 기록학연구
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• 제45호
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• pp.219-253
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• 2015

2009년 7월 "공문서관리에 관한 법률"의 제정 공포와 2011년 4월부터의 시행을 계기로 일본의 기록 관리는 종전과는 달리 기록의 생애주기 전체를 포괄해서 일원적으로 관리하는 체제로 변화하였다. 이 논문은 지금까지 제대로 조명되지 못한 일본 기록관리 제도의 핵심 내용과 특징을 법령의 운영 구조와 전자공문서 관리를 중심으로 고찰하였다. 첫째, 일본 내각부와 기록관리 분야 전문가 그룹이 2003년부터 일본의 기록관리 제도를 개혁하기 위해 활동하였고, 그 결과가 2009년 7월 공문서관리법의 제정 공포로 이어진 사실을 확인하였다. 그런 점에서 공문서관리법은 국민에 대한 정부기관의 '설명책임성' 실현을 염원하던 일본 기록관리 공동체의 지난했던 꾸준한 활동의 결과로 평가할 수 있다. 둘째, 일본의 공문서관리법령은 그 운용 체제가 '법 ${\Rightarrow}$ 시행령 ${\Rightarrow}$ 가이드라인 ${\Rightarrow}$ 기관별 문서관리규칙'으로 이어지는 다층의 일관된 구조를 갖추고 있는 점이 특징적이다. 이는 법령의 내용들이 각 행정기관의 실무 단위에 제대로 적용될 수 있도록 가이드라인을 중심 축으로 상세한 기준을 제시하고, 이를 토대로 각 행정기관의 고유 사무와 관련된 세부 적용 기준과 구체 사례를 작성하도록 하는 체제이다. 또한 종전과는 달리 '레코드 스케쥴'을 도입하여, 각 기관에서 문서를 작성 취득 후 '가능한 이른 시일 안에' 역사공문서를 선별하도록 해서 국립공문서관으로 이관 관리되어야 할 '특정역사공문서'를 안정적으로 확보하고 있다. 국가기관에 기록관리 전문인력을 배치하는 한국과는 달리, 문서담당자에 의한 선별 평가 방식을 택하고 있는 일본의 경우는 가이드라인에서 중요 역사공문서의 적정한 선별과 보존을 위한 세밀한 선별 기준과 관리 방안을 제시함으로써 현용단계에서의 '적절한 기록관리'가 담보되도록 한 것이다. 셋째, 일본은 이미 2011년도부터 전자공문서의 이관과 관련한 시스템을 운용하고 있으며, 이에 대비하여 각 행정기관에서의 문서관리시스템에 의한 전자공문서의 등록 관리가 이루어지도록 준비하였다. 20010년의 내각부가 공표한 표준적 포맷과 매체에 대한 '방침'도 국립공문서관의 전자공문서등시스템으로의 전자공문서 이관에 대비하여 마련된 것이다.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.236-242
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• 2019

본 연구는 재난정보 표준화를 목표로 다양한 재난 및 사고에서 생성되는 정형, 비정형 문서를 전자화된 문서로 변환하여 환경재난 정보를 생성함으로써 데이터베이스에 저장하고 환경재난 관리에 활용할 수 있는 체계를 개발하였다. 최근 4차 산업 시대를 통해 다양한 지능화 기술들이 발전하고 있다. 이러한 기술들은 환경재난, 재난관리 등의 분야에 다양한 형태로 적용되며, 환경재난 관리 업무와 융합되어 활용되고 있다. 재난정보관리는 단순히 재난업무를 지원하는 것이 아니라 과거의 환경재난 이력정보를 활용하여 인공지능 기술을 적용한 스마트 재난관리를 지원할 수 있도록 한다. 환경재난을 관리하는 중요한 요소는 재난정보이다. 재난정보는 재난의 발생에서 진행, 대응 및 계획까지의 재난 전주기에 대한 정보를 전자화된 정보로 관리하고 처리하는 행위를 의미한다. 그러나, 자연, 사회, 환경재난에 대한 상황, 대응, 대비, 복구의 정보는 주로 보고서의 형태인 핸드아웃이나 비정형 정보로 존재하고 있다. 이러한 비정형 재난안전정보는 관리 부실에 의해 사라지거나 폐기되는 경우가 많다. 이에 따라 비정형 재난안전정보는 재난정보로서의 관리를 위해 인식기술이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 지능화된 기술을 활용하여 인쇄되거나 스캐너에 의해 이미지 또는 문서로 생성된 재난 보고서를 전자화된 문서로 변환하는 것에 중점을 두었으며, 그 후 변환된 재난정보는 재난정보관리 코드체계에 맞추어 정리하여 재난정보관리 데이터베이스에 저장한다. 정형, 비정형 재난정보를 생성하는 것은 스마트 재난관리의 시작으로 가장 중요한 요소이며, 이렇게 생성된 환경재난 정보는 재난정보 코드체계와 연계하여 표준화된 형식으로 관리한다. 재난코드체계는 재난 별 발생 진행 상황, 피해 규모, 대처사항 등의 정보를 저장할 수 있는 표준을 구축하였으며, 향후 이러한 많은 재난 데이터와 이력정보를 기반으로 한 인공지능 기술을 접목하여 스마트 재난관리 및 의사결정에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 복식
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• 제36권
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• pp.239-262
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• 1998

The pursuit of freedom by the individual--desire to be liberated from all forms of restrictions-- is one of the defining character-istic of the modern society. As costume is, in part, a product of the spirit of the times, it was only natural that this desire for freedom would find its expression in modern costume as well. Among various forms of restrictions, differentiaton by sex has placed one of the most significant binding influences on individual behavior. From early times, the dichotomous division by sex was incorporated into the disign of costume, and the traditional differestriction of costume by sex imposed a significant restriction on the background,“the modern androhynous look”was born as a by-product of the sexual liberation movement in the second half of the 20th century, based on the concept of the individual as a complete human being rather than as a member exclusively of either the male or the female sex. This paper seeks to examine the androgynous look within a coherent theoretical frame-work, and explore new design possibilities by analyzing and understanding the visual characteristics of the androgynous look. In addition, this paper seeks to define the functional aspects of the androgynous look based on the premise that costume is an embodiment of the spirit of the times. As for research methodology, both theoretical and historical methods are employed. Through a theoretical examination of historical documents, the meaning of the androgynous look is explored from various angles, and order to examine its place in modern fashion, an-drogynous styles are categorized and system atically analyzed. The main findings of the paper can be summarized as follows : 1. Androgyny is a compound word consisting of“andro-”(meaning man) and“gyn-”(meaning woman). In modern times, this word has been associated with the socio-cultural aspect of gender rather than the physical or physiological aspect with the pshchological characteristics of the male and female sexes. Androgynous styles also appear in fashion and general arts such as drama, film, dance, and music. In fashion, the androgynous look, represented by the visual superimposition of “masculine”and “faminine”elements, has emerged as a major element of the 20th-century costume, and has gained broad acceptance among those free spirits wishing to be liberated from the conventional conceptions of male clothing, and the unisex look. 3. The androgynous look in modern fashion reflects the spirit of the 20th century society and culture, and performs various functions as follows : expression of fun, change in gender roles, expression of the inner consciousness, and pursuit of the ideal human type.