• 한국패류학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2013

본 연구는 납에 노출된 바지락, Ruditapes philippinarum 의 생물학적 반응을 알아보고자 하였다. 실험기간은 4주였으며, 실험구는 대조구 1개와 납 노출구 3개 (0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 mg/l) 였다. 실험 결과 납은 바지락의 생존율과 산소 소비율의 저하 및 기관계의 조직학적 변성을 유도하는 것이 확인 되었다. 납 노출구에서 산소소비율은 25-72% 감소하였다. 기관계의 조직학적 분석 결과, 외투막 상피층과 결합조직층의 변성, 아가미 점액세포의 증가와 상피세포의 괴사, 발에서는 상피층의 붕괴, 점액세포의 감소 및 혈림프동의 확장과 결합조직층의 변성을 나타냈다. 소화맹낭의 소화선세관에서는 호염기성세포와 상피세포의 위축 및 농도 의존적으로 lipofuscin의 축적이 확인되었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권9호
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• pp.362-367
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the effect of lifestyle intervention on NAFLD. Methods: The clinical data of 86 children diagnosed with NAFLD were reviewed retrospectively. Forty-six patients belonged to the elevated ALT group and 40 to the normal ALT group. The clinical parameters of patients with NAFLD were also compared based on the status of ALT levels after lifestyle intervention. Results: Patients with elevated ALT had significantly higher body mass index (BMI) scores than those with normal ALT (P<0.05). Of all the patients with elevated ALT, 89% exhibited moderate or severe degree of fatty change in the liver on ultrasonographic examination, whereas most patients with normal ALT exhibited mild or moderate degree changes. Liver biopsy was performed in 15 children with elevated ALT and all showed mild histological changes. Of all patients with elevated ALT, 49% achieved normal ALT levels after lifestyle intervention. Those with more severe histological changes tended to have continuously increasing ALT levels. There was no correlation between the normalization of posttreatment ALT level and BMI, as well as ultrasonographic findings at diagnosis. Conclusion: ALT elevation in NAFLD is highly associated with higher BMI scores and more severe degree of fatty changes on ultrasonographic examination. Lifestyle intervention can significantly improve ALT in children with NAFLD. The degree of histologic changes appears to be a predictor of the treatment response to NAFLD.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.411-419
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• 2018

This study investigated the survival rates and physiological responses of Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli, in live fish containers ($8^{\circ}C$, 33 psu) for 18 days. The survival rate was 99% and 97% in the control and experimental groups, respectively. Hematocrit and hemoglobin did not differ significantly between the control and experimental groups. Glucose and cortisol rose immediately on the first day of containment, but both gradually normalized. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase did not differ significantly between the two groups after recovery. $NH_3$ continued to rise after the first day, but decreased to a level not significantly different from that of the control group during the recovery period. Plasma ions and osmolality did not change abnormally. The hemocyte population was not significantly different from that of the control. The ratios of apoptotic and necrotic cells indicated no specific variation in hemocyte viability. The histological changes in the skin and gills were not significantly different from those seen in the control. The experimental data obtained in this study suggest that live fish containers may be used to transport Korean rockfish without significantly affecting their physiology or survival.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2017

Background: Because of the relatively similar size of organs to human and the physiological and structural similarities, the use of porcine as xenograft donors is progressing very actively. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of porcine ear cartilage and evaluated its suitability as graft material in reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. Methods: The auricular cartilage was harvested from two pigs, and subjected to histological examination by immunohistochemical staining. To determine the collagen content, samples were treated with collagenase and weight changes were measured. After sterilization by irradiation, the samples were grafted into rats and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and Masson Trichrome to observe inflammation and xenograft rejection. Results: In IHC staining, extracellular matrices were mainly stained with type II collagen (20.69%), keratin sulfate (10.20%), chondroitin sulfate (2.62%), and hyaluronic acid (0.84%). After collagenase treatment, the weight decreased by 68.3%, indicating that about 70% of the porcine ear cartilage was composed of collagen. Upon xenograft of the sterilized cartilages in rats, inflammatory cells were observed for up to 2 months. However, they gradually decreased, and inflammation and reject-response were rarely observed at 5 months. Conclusion: The porcine ear cartilage was covered with perichondrium and cellular constituents were found to be composed of chondrocytes and chondroblasts. In addition, the extracellular matrices were mainly composed of collagen. Upon xenograft of irradiated cartilage into rats, there was no specific inflammatory reaction around the transplanted cartilage. These findings suggest that porcine ear cartilage could be a useful alternative implant material for human cosmetic surgery.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2010

Objectives : In this study, we investigated anti-allergic effect of Okbyeongpungsan-Hap-Changijasan (KOB01) in allergic rhinitis(AR) experimental animals and mast cells. Methods : The potential anti-allergic effect of KOB01 was investigated in a rat model of compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic shock and a mouse of ovalbumin(OVA)-induced AR, and human mast cell line, HMC-1 culture. Each animals were divided into four groups: normal, control, KOB01-treated(100 and 200 mg/kg) and anti-histamine drug, dosodium cromoglycate (DSCG)-treated(50 mg/kg). Animals were orally treated with KOB01 and DSCG and intraperitoneally injected with compound 48/80($10\;{\mu}g/kg$) or sensitized with 0.1% OVA. The mortality and serum histamine levels were measured in compound 48/80-induced anaphylatic rats. The histological changes in nasal mucosa were investigated in OVA-induced AR mice. Also, mast cell degranulation was observed in compound 48/80-stimulated HMC-1 cells. Results : KOB01 increased mortality and significantly decreased serum histamine levels in compound 48/80-induced anaphylatic rats. The abnormal histological changes such as expansion of grandular cells and hypertrophy of epithelium in nasal mucosa of OVA-induced AR mice was improved by KOB01 treatment nearby a normal group. Therefore, KOB01 inhibited compound 48/80-induced degranulation in HMC-1 cells. Conclusions : These results indicate that KOB01 decrease allergic response through suppressing the mast cell activation in AR and suggest a potential role for KOB01 as a source of anti-allergic agents for use in allergic disorders including of AR.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 1999

The stimulatory effect of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on wound healing was evaluated in healing-impaired animal models. Full-thickness wounds were made in prednisolone-treated mice, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and mitomycin C (MMC)-treated rats. Saline or bFGF at a dose of 1, 5, or $25\mu\textrm{g}$ per wound was applied to the open wound once a day for three to five days. The degree of wound healing was assessed using wound size and histological parameters such as degree of epidermal and dermal regeneration. Local application of bFGF accelerated wound closure significantly in a dose-dependent manner in all healing-impaired wounds (p<0.05). The wound healing effect of bFGF was further confirmed by histological examination in MMC-treated rats. Epidermal and dermal regeneration were enhanced in bFGF-treated wounds with a dose-related response. Dermal regeneration parameters such as collagen matrix formation and angiogenesis were significantly increased in $5\mu\textrm{g}$, or $\25mu\textrm{g}$ of bFGF-treated wounds when compared to saline-treated wounds (p<0.05). pectin immunostaining on day 8 for vascular endothelium showed an increased number of neovessels in bFGF-treated wounds. These results suggest that topical application of bFGF has beneficial effects on wound healing by angiogenesis and granulation tissue formation in healing-impaired wounds.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2006

본 연구는 H. pylori를 산란계에 면역화하여 얻은 항-H. pylori 난황항체 분말의 H. pylori에 대한 억제효과를 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 마우스의 종에 따라서 H. pylori에 대한 감수성의 차이가 있다고 보고된 바 있다(25). Richard 등의 연구결과에 의하면 C57BL/6 mice는 H. pylori에 대하여 약 70%의 감수성을 가진 것으로 보고하였다(26). 이번 실험에서는 7주째의 urease test 결과 항-H. pylori 난황항체 분말을 급이한 군에서 33%의 낮은 양성율을 보였고, 흡광도 측정결과도 유의적으로 감소하였다. 조직학적 검사에서 접종대조군의 위조직은 염증성 세포의 집적 등 특이적인 염증성 변화를 동반하였지만, 항-H. pylori 난황항체 분말을 급이한 군에서는 특이적 변화를 관찰할 수 없었다. H. pylori의 제균효과를 확인하는 방법중 하나인 ureA 유전자 확인결과, 항-H. pylori 난황항체 분말을 급이한 군에서는 3주째보다 7주째 많이 감소하였다. 항-H. pylori 난황항체 분말의 급이시기는 감염전이나 감염후에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 급이수준은 5%보다는 10% 첨가수준이 약간 높게 나타났다. 이 연구결과로 동물시험에서 항-H. pylori 난황항체 분말이 H. pylori 억제 효과가 있음이 확인되었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.1022-1035
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• 2021

This study estimated the effect of exposure to propiconazole through implementation and residues in finishing pigs. We analyzed the expression of fibrosis-related genes and performed histological analysis of the blood, liver, kidney, muscle, ileum, and fat tissues. The animals were exposed for 28 d to different concentrations of propiconazole (0.09, 0.44, 0.88, 4.41, and 8.82 mg/kg bw/d). Quantitative, gene expression, and histological analyses in tissues were performed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, real-time PCR, and Masson's trichrome staining, respectively. Final body weight did not differ among groups. However, genes involved in fibrosis were significantly differentially regulated in response to propiconazole concentrations. Glucose, alanine aminotransferase, and total bilirubin levels were significantly increased compared with those in the control group, while alkaline phosphatase level was decreased (p<0.05) after exposure to propiconazole. The residue limits of propiconazole were increased in the finishing phase at 4.41 and 8.82 mg/kg bw/d. The liver, kidney, and ileum showed blue staining after propiconazole treatment, confirmed by Masson's trichrome staining. In conclusion, these findings suggest that propiconazole exposure disturbs the expression of fibrosis-related genes. This study on dietary propiconazole in pigs can provide a basis for determining maximum residue limits and a better understanding of metabolism in pigs and meat products.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.142-153
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• 2021

Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response to chronic liver injury, which is caused by the continuous and excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). The aim of this study is to investigate whether Uncaria rhynchophylla water extract (UR) can ameliorate thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis. The liver fibrosis model was induced on C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal injection with TAA three times a week for 8 weeks. UR (200 mg/kg) or silymarin (50 mg/kg) was administered orally daily for 8 weeks. Biochemical analyses including AST, ALT, MPO, and Ammonia levels were measured in serum. In the mice liver tissues, western blot and histological staining were analyzed. As a result, UR dramatically reduced the levels in serum AST, ALT, MPO, and Ammonia levels. UR treatment regulated NADPH oxidase factors expression, and antioxidant enzymes except for GPx-1/2 were significantly increased via Nrf2 activation. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory mediators, such as COX-2 and iNOS were markedly suppressed through the inhibition of NF-κB activation. Expressions of ECM-related protein including α-SMA and Collagen I were noticeably decreased. The additional histological evaluation confirmed that hepatocyte damage and collagenous fiber accumulation were attenuated. Taken together, these data suggest that UR possessed hepatoprotective effects in TAA-induced liver fibrosis via the NF-κB inactivation and Nrf2 activation. Therefore, UR may act as a potential therapeutic drug against liver fibrosis.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.59.1-59.12
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• 2020

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. To understand AD, there have been many trials establishing AD animal models. Although various trials to establish AD animal models have been existed, even the mechanisms of AD in animal models are not enough clarified. Objectives: This study assessed AD characteristics induced in Nishiki-nezumi Cinnamon/Nagoya (Nc/Nga) mice following trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) treatment for different periods and house dust mite (HDM) treatment to compare each model's immunological patterns, especially with cytokine antibody array tool. Methods: In this study, we exposed Nc/Nga mice to TNCB or HDM extract to induce AD. Nc/Nga mice were divided into 4 groups: control, TNCB 2 weeks-treated, TNCB 8 weeks-treated, and HDM-treated groups. After AD induction, all mice were evaluated by serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration and serum cytokine antibody assays, scoring of skin lesions, scoring of scratching frequency, and histological analysis. Results: The results showed significant differences between groups in serum IgE concentration, skin lesion scores, and scratching frequency. The analysis results for serum cytokine antibody arrays showed that in the TNCB 8 weeks- and HDM-treated groups, but not in the TNCB 2 weeks-treated group, expressions of genes related to the immune response were enriched. Among the histological results, the skin lesions in the HDM-treated group were most similar to those of AD. Conclusions: We confirmed that immunological pattern of AD mice was markedly different between HDM and TNCB treated groups. In addition, the immunological pattern was quietly different dependent on TNCB treated duration.