• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.353-357
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• 2002

Pigmented villonodular synovitis(PVNS) usually presents as a benign proliferative monoarticular arthritis that affects the knee in 80% of cases, followed in frequency by the hip, ankle, and calcaneocuboid joint. PVNS rarely affects temporomandibular joint area. Patients typically complain of pain, locking, and recurrent swelling. Tumor progression limits the range of movement of the joint and causes it to become stiff and firm. Sometimes a palpable mass can be appreciated. Aggressive form of PVNS invades into adjacent bones and soft tissues, is confused with other types of neoplasia. Here we report 2 cases of the PVNS on a temporomadibular

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2009

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stretching and strengthening exercise on the static flexibility and pain intensity for the iliopsoas muscle, which is one of the main reasons for the chronic low back pain. Methods: The subjects of this study were 15 male adult patients with showed 6 score or higher in the visual analogue scale(VAS) and complained of low back pain over three months who visited department of the physical therapy, KIA motors Industrial Health Center, from October, 2008 through December, 2008. Fifteen subjects were trained stretching, mat exercises and sling exercises for iliopsoas muscle at 4-5 times a week for 4 weeks. I measured the changes on the extensibility of iliopsoas muscle, static flexibility of low back and VAS between pre- and post exercise treatment. Date were analyzed using the Wilcoxon's signed rank test considering the size of the samples. Results: 1. The angle of the hip joint that showed the extensibility of iliopsoas muscle was relieved, which was significant statistically (p<.05). 2. The static flexibility was statistically significantly improved in the trunk flexion test, trunk extension test and Schober-Test (p<.05). 3. The VAS showed decrease, which is significant statistically (p<.05). Conclusion: It is believed that the exercise treatment of iliopsoas muscle has the significant effects on the improvement of static flexibility and decrease of pain intensity for the chronic low back pain patients.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.335-343
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• 2011

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is the most common problem involving the knee, accounting for 25% of knee injuries. Repetitive, overuse activities cause increased force at the patellofemoral joint, resulting in pain during flexion and extension activities. Most research have been conducted in exploring the patellofemoral compressive force in gait, squat and lunges, even though in real cases, possibilities in landing exist. The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in patellofemoral compressive force according to two different height. Sixteen collegiate male students(age: 22.25 ${\pm}$ 3.30 yrs, height: 177.25 ${\pm}$ 4.44 cm, weight: 77.50 ${\pm}$ 8.18 kg) were chosen. The subjects performed drop landings in 45 cm, 60 cm. The findings demonstrated that higher height showed peak knee extension moment, quadriceps contraction force, patellofemoral compressive force with increased VGRF. Regarding the patellofemoral joint compressive force, it increased by quadriceps contraction force with knee flexion during landing, yet, it showed no difference in maximal knee flexion. To minimize patellofemoral joint stress and reduce the likelihood of developing PFPS, we recommend that predesigned quadriceps and hip muscle group strengthening are needed during conditioning and training.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.207-214
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• 1996

Main cause of low back pain is a poor posture. Most low back pains are due to a poor posture. The poor posture induces muscle tension and finaliy low back pain. The poor posture arehabitually trained from the childhood by the environmetal factors. In general, maintaining good posture during working and sleeping hours are the first line of defence against back pam. (1) Supine posture is the easiest posture that relaxes and fixes muscles. Supine posture is thus a starting position for on exercise. Lying down releases the weight pressures of head and shoulder and thus body can be relaxed and extended which are helpful for treating back pain. However, supine posture can increase the pressure in ribcage posture aspect and disphragram due to visceral oragans. (2) Sitting in one position for a long time results in fatigue and relaxation of spinal muscies. Finally, body strength is weakened and sitting posture will become poor. If this poor posture continues for a longer time, pain will be accompanied due to overelongation of muscle ligaments. The habitual poor posture could induce intervertebral disc distortion. If the intervertebral disc is damaged, sitting in one position or movement causes pain. (3) Abnormal lumbar curve induces the tention of abdominal muscle and paravertebral muscle groups as well as tention of lower limb muscle group connected to pelvis. For a person with weak body strength, muscle relaxation increases curvature in lumbar, chest and cervical regions. This will induce a pelvic anterior tilting of the imaginary line between A. S. I. S. and P. S. I. S. Hip joint extensor muscle acts on releasing the pelvic anterior tilting. Contrections of hamstring muscle and femoral muscle recover the imaginary line between A.S.LS. and P.S.I.S. from pelvic anterior tilting. thus, contraction of rectus abdominis muscle are required to maintain the normal lumbar curve.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.165-168
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• 2010

Purpose: Pain or discomfort caused by foot diseases may lead to abnormal gait, resulting in decreased bone mineral density (BMD) of the affected lower limb. We analyzed the effect of foot affection to BMD and its clinical significance. Materials and Methods: Bilateral hip BMD was evaluated in 93 patients with unilateral chronic foot disease. To minimize statistical errors, we excluded patients with medical histories that had influence on BMD. Analysis was based on the results of BMD tests at the first visit. All patients denied past medical intervention for osteoporosis. The difference in density between bilateral limbs was determined by comparing BMDs of the neck, upper neck, trochanter and total area of hip. Results: Test results revealed the decrease of BMD in the lower limb with the affected foot, compared to the unaffected side. This decrease was significant in the area of the trochanter (p <0.05). There was no marked difference of BMD in relation with duration of affection, underlying disease or age. Pertaining the location of foot affection, the hindfoot group showed significant decrease in BMD compared to the forefoot group. The group with affection in bone and joint also showed a marked decrease in BMD compared to the soft tissue group (p <0.05). Conclusion: Pain and discomfort caused by chronic foot diseases can lead to a decrease in the BMD of the affected lower limb. This may increase the risk of complications such as osteoporotic fracture and muscular atrophy.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.366-370
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• 2013

A 7-month-old Pomeranian presented with non-weight bearing lameness on the right pelvic limb. Physical examination revealed pain on extension of the right hip joint, and serum chemistry results showed an increased concentration of creatine kinase. Radiographic findings at admission included a weak radiolucent line on the right femoral head and widening of the right hip joint space, and mild displacement of the right capital femoral epiphysis was additionally identified on day 14. Computed tomography (CT) showed a decreased Hounsfield Unit measurement and a fracture line on the right femoral head. Early stage Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) was diagnosed and femoral head and neck ostectomy was performed on the right femur. A fracture fissure and osteophytes at the epiphyseal plate of the femoral head were identified surgically. Necrosis in the femoral metaphysis and epiphysis was observed histologically. This case report describes the radiography, CT images, and surgical and histological findings in a dog with early stage LCPD.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.454-458
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• 2017

A Maltese (case 1) and a Pomeranian (case 2) presented with acute right and left hind limb weight-bearing lameness. On physical examination, they exhibited severe pain and crepitus on the coxofemoral joint of affected hind limb. In addition, decreased thigh girth measurements were noted compared with the opposite leg. Radiological exam revealed necrotic areas in the femoral head of affected hind limb. These dogs were diagnosed with Legg-$Calv{\acute{e}}$-Perthes disease (LCPD). The dogs underwent micro total hip replacement (THR). After surgery, at 3 years (case 1) and 7 months (case 2), both dogs recovered normal activity. The thigh girth and lameness scores were apparently improved in the affected limbs of both dogs. No complications of prosthesis implants, such as loosening, were noted. The clinical outcomes of these cases indicate that dogs with LCPD can be successfully treated with micro THR and have a good prognosis immediately after surgery.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.68-69
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• 2007

A 44-year-old female underwent three-phase bone scintigraphy for an evaluation of right hip joint pain. The blood-flow and blood-pool images show a pelvic blush with a photopenic center (doughnut) prior to bladder filling. On the three hour delayed image, the pelvic uptake disappeared. The scintigraphic findings indicated the possibility of an early pregnancy. However, plain radiography demonstrated an intrauterine device. A uterine doughnut developed as a result of photon attenuation of intrauterine device.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

Total ankle replacement has been performed for treatment of end stage arthritis of the ankle, hopefully being an alternative to ankle arthrodesis. However, due to its high failure rates, earlier versions of ankle replacements were not regarded as successful procedures. The latest design has shown increasingly positive results. Total joint replacement of the ankle itself is still regarded as a demanding procedure and much more challenging than that of the hip and knee in many aspects. Several studies, however, have pointed out that it is becoming the viable, accepted alternative for arthrodesis with advanced implants, appropriate patient selection, and proper training experience of procedures. Compared with arthrodesis, it shows equal or better outcomes in pain relief, range of motion, and patient's satisfaction. We are attempting to review its biomechanical characteristics, implant design, indications, complications, clinical outcomes, and survival rate.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

The pelvic compression belt (PCB) contributes to improving sacroiliac joint stability, and it has been used as an additional therapeutic option for patients with sacroiliac joint pain (SIJP). This study aimed to investigate whether the muscle activation patterns of the supporting leg was different between asymptomatic subjects and subjects with SIJP during one-leg standing, and how it changes with the PCB. 15 subjects with SIJP and 10 asymptomatic subjects volunteered to participate in this study. Surface electromyography (EMG) data (reaction time [RT] and muscle activation) were collected from the internal oblique, lumbar multifidius, gluteus maximus and biceps femoris muscles during one-leg standing with and without the PCB. Without the PCB condition, in the SIJP group, the biceps femoris muscle showed the fastest RT among all muscles (p<.05), whereas in the asymptomatic group, the RT of the internal oblique muscle was the most rapid (p<.05). In condition without the PCB, the biceps femoris EMG amplitudes in the SIJP group were significantly greater than that in the asymptomatic group (p<.05). After the application of the PCB, the RT of the biceps femoris muscle was significantly increased only in the SIJP group (p<.05). Moreover, the biceps femoris EMG amplitudes significantly decreased and the gluteus maximus EMG amplitudes significant increased only in the SIJP group by applying the PCB (p<.05). However, this had no such effect on the gluteus maximus and biceps femoris EMG patterns in the asymptomatic group (p>.05). Thus, this study supports the applying the PCB to patients with SIJP can be used as a helpful option to modify the activation patterns of the gluteus maximus and biceps femoris muscle.