• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.729-740
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for school health computerization by investigating the nurse teacher's attitudes toward school health computerization. For this study, the questionnaires were given to 559 nurse teachers from 3. March to 17. March, 1995. Among them, 338 were returned and included for the analysis. The results of the study were as follows : 1. In general characteristics, the results showed average of 38.6 years in age ; and average of 11.1 years in education experience. In distribution of school, the result showed 47.0% in elementary school, 30.5% in middle school and 22.5% in high school ; 75.4% national and public school vs 26.4% private school. 2. In attitudes of computerization, the score was varied from 19 to 76 point. The attitudes was generally positive with the average of 60.23±7.63(SD) score. The respondents are willing to participate in computer education(the highest score, 3.69), they worry about electromagnetic waves by computer (the lowest score : 2.30). 3. 92.6％ of the respondents want to participate in computer education. The major reason the respondents have not yet learned computer is that they had little chance to learn. While 58.0% of them answered that they had an experience of computer use in school health works, few schools had computer in dispensary. In computer use, nurse teachers in public school have more experience than ones in private school. Word processing was the major function that the most respondents can do(62.7%). They answered that they have little knowledge of computer (84.0%). 4. Computer can be utilized in school health works as follows in order : message from school to home, reports, annual plan and statistics. 65.4% of them answered that computer can be used in 10 items of 13 items. 5. The attitudes of computerization showed differences in the following variables career, age, existence of computer in school health clinic, experience of computer use, intention to participate in computer education, computer knowledge, frequent computer use, ability of computer use, school health computerization areas, experience of computer education. Among there variables, age, existence of computer in school health clinic, intention to participate in computer education, ability of computer use, school health computerization areas showed significant explanation(28.3%) for the attitudes of computerization in multiple regression analysis The younger. the higher degree of intention, the more functions they can perform, the more school health computerization areas, and the more computers in school health clinic, the more positive attitude on school health computerization. In conclusion, to achieve the successful computerization of school health works, the positive attitudes of nurse teachers should be encourged for school health computerization. For this purpose, the chance of computer education should be given as many times as possible. And administerial as well as financial support are essential for enlarging the knowledge and ability of computer.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.362-371
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• 1995

There is no national system to manage, evaluate, and analyse the information about accidents, even though it is necessary for accident prevention policies and health promotion of the general public. The existing studies are, also limited as they focus only on particular group(for example : inpatients, emergency room patients) or on particular geographic areas. Thus the results of the studies cannot be ap-plied to the general public. In order to overcome these limitations, this research focuses on data collection and analysis from accident information for the general population. By providing the analysis on types and causes af accidents, this research aims to produce the basic data necessary for accident prevention policy development. The specific aims of this research are to : 1. Analyse the actual occurrences and characteristics of accidents. 2. Suggest for the accident prevention policies and safety education. Accident report form three major newspaper printed in Korea between January 1, 1989 and December 31, 1993 were collected, and the cause, place, time, and personal injury related to the accidents were classified and then analyzed by de-scriptive statistics. The results of this research conclude : 1. The number of accidents reported by the three newspapers were 2155. 2. The highest proportion of accidents were as follows ; occurred during the June-August(31.2%), Sunday(24.8%), and 5 p.m. (7.6%) of the day. 3. The highest proportion of the accident occurred in Seoul(33. l％), Kyunggi province(14.5%), Kangwon province (7.8％), and Kyungnam prov-ince(6.7%) were next highest. 4. The main causes include car accidents(32.4%), drowning(10.9%), falls(8.8%), explosion(7.1%), and poisoning(5.8%). 5. Slightly more than half of injuries(50.5%) and about two fifths of deaths(40.3%) were caused by car accidents. Therefore, the most serious type of accidents were car accidents. 6. The number of males in accidents were almost three times higher than that of females(males 72.3%, females : 27.7%). 7. The age group from 10 to 19 years old represents the highest proportion(21%) of accidents. 8. The number of the accidents in Korea, based on the information collected from the newspapers, is estimated to be 14, 367 per year. The number of in-juries is estimated to be 88, 480 persons, and the number of deaths 29, 007 respectively. It is said that ninety percent of accidents can be prevented. Several accidents prevention policies are suggested here. 1. Safety education should be done more actively throughtout life, with special emphasis on safety education for children. 2. Safety measures for children(halmets for cycling, children car seats, seats belts, and so on) should be emphasized. 3. An injury surveillance system should be initiated. The initiation of injury reporting system in each factory and school could contribute considerably to the reduction of accidents.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.329-338
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• 2018

The purpose of this longitudinal study was to investigate confidence in core basic nursing skill each period of clinical practicum and discover the changes, depending on characteristics of periods. The data was collected for 94 nursing students attending a university located in J-do from Mar. 9 to Dec. 16 2016 for 4 times in total. For data analysis, the frequency analysis, descriptive statistics and paired t-test were used. The research findings showed that confidence in core basic nursing skill by each period of clinical practicum was lowest before clinical practicum in general but gradually increased depending on lapse of time and experience of clinical practicum. However, it decreased in all items after having first clinical practicum in the $2^{nd}$ semester, compared to after first clinical practicum in the $1^{st}$ semester. In addition, the difference of confidence in core basic nursing skill between clinical practicum periods was higher after the first clinical practicum in the $1^{st}$ semester and after clinical practicum at the end of school year, compared to before clinical practicum and after the first clinical practicum in the $2^{nd}$ semester respectively. Therefore, this study suggested that it's necessary to have efficient and systematic clinical practicum education strategy, reflecting the characteristics of periods in clinical practicum in order to improve the confidence in core basic nursing skill of nursing students.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.91-98
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify differences in records for each section of the wheelchair marathon and to provide information necessary for training and basic data for developing training methods. The subjects of this study were analyzed for the records of a total of 5 foreign male athletes and 4 domestic top athletes who completed the 42.195km full course among the participants at the 2016 Seoul International Wheelchair Marathon. Every 5km section records and finish records were used, and the first section to the ninth section were set. As for the data processing method, descriptive statistics (Mean, SD) were used using the statistical program SPSS 25.0. The following conclusions were drawn according to the above research methods and procedures. In the case of the winning W1 athletes, the record at 30km to 35km was the fastest 8 minutes and 43 seconds in the entire section, and the difference was 1 minute and 4 seconds compared to the K1 athletes of the nation's No. 1 athletes. In order to be ranked higher in international competitions, training to adapt to a quick pace at a later stage is required. That is, it was found that the second half face should be faster based on the half distance. In addition, in each section of the first half, it is necessary to develop a race pace suitable for the average speed level for each individual section. Therefore, it is considered that the fitness training program that can maintain the early race and the training program that can cope with changes in pace after the second half should be applied.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.3 s.62
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• pp.481-492
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• 1997

In order to investigate the possibility of using a cervical vertebral maturation indicator as a mandibular growth indicator, the relationship of cervical vertebral maturation and mandibular & body height growth changes was assessed in biennial serial lateral cephalometric radiographs of eighteen korean male and fourteen korean female while they were 8.5 to 18.5 years old. The following results were obtained. 1. It was a reliable method to evaluate skeletal maturation by using cervical vertebrae. 2. In general, cervical vertebral maturation stages of females were higher than those of males at the same age and there were significant differences in statistics at the age of 10.5, 14.5. 3. The age of a female at the same cervical vertebral maturation stage were earlier than that of a male. 4. In the case of males, significant Ar-Gn increases were found between stage 3 and 4,5; Ar-Go increases between stage 4 and 5. 5. In the case of females, significant S-Gn and Ar-Gn increases were (end between stage 3 and 4. 6. Significant body height increases were found between stage 3 and 4 in both sexes. 7. The peak velocity of body height and mandibular length was observed between cervical vertebral maturation stage 3 and 4 in both sexes. 8. The relationship between mandibular & body height changes and specific maturation stage of cervical vertebra was found, therfore using a cervical vertebral maturation indicator as mandibular growth indicator is quite within realms of possibility.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.7
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• pp.283-302
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the current situation about the internet usage and advertisement attitude, to investigate the relationship between consumer characteristics and internet advertising effect, and to identify the moderating effect of consumer characteristics on the relationship between advertising types and advertising effects. For the study, a sample of 152 apparel consumers participated in this survey research. The survey of design with a questionnaire was employed. Questionnaire was developed with the html language and data collection was done at Korea though the internet on October 2000. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (i.e., frequency, percent), ANOVA with duncan tests were used. First, the major place of using internet was found as home, company, school, PC room in order and the average time of using internet was found as three times weekly. The major purpose of using internet were information search, e-mail, PC communication and program-download. The experience of internet fashion advertising was high. Second, consumer characteristics(age, job) had significant effects on attitude to the product. 20 years-old age group and specialist group were found to influence on the higher attitude toward product. Third, main effects of consumer characteristics(age, job) were found to be significant. The correlation and interaction effects of consumer characteristics and internet advertisement types were not significant.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.241-255
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• 2017

The 4th industrial revolution is coming. In order to prepare for the new learning environment with it, we may need digital mathematics textbooks that fully utilize all possible technologies. So various attempts have been made in elementary and middle school mathematics education. However, despite the importance of higher mathematics, we haven't seen a best possible math digital textbooks yet in Korea. In this paper, we introduce our new model of interactive math digital textbook about Linear Algebra/ Calculus/ Differential Equations/ Statistics/ Engineering Math. Especially, this manuscript focuses on our experience of using digital contents and interactive labs for developing a new model for linear algebra digital textbook. We introduce our works on linear algebra digital textbooks which include pdf e-book, web contents, video clips of lectures, interactive lab. Using this linear algebra digital textbook, students can freely use any mobile devices to access diverse learning materials, lessons, and hands-on exercises without any limitations. Also, times saved in the computation, coding, and typing process can be used to have more discussions for deeper understanding of mathematical concepts. This type of linear algebra digital textbook, which contains all interactive free cyber-lab with codes and all lectures for each sections, can be considered as a new model for the next generation of math digital textbook.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.22-29
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• 2012

Robot related injuries in industrial accidents statistics during 2008~2010 have accounted for a total of 109 cases equivalent to 30~40 cases for each of those years. The number of injured compared to the dissemination of industrial robots(51,302 units/2004) can be regarded as quite low. However, the fatal injuries sustained by 7 (6.4%) out of 109 cases paints the stark reality of robot-related accident fatalities. It is a sad probability that as the automation process expands its use of industrial robots which have increased significantly in demand, the incidence of workplace accidents will also increase. Therefore, the incidence of accidents throughout the period of 2008~2010 has been analysed to prevent the injuries due to the increased use of industrial robots. In the analysis, the injuries occurred during the industrial robot operation accounted for 45.9% of the entire accidents. Thus, we examined the present status of the industrial robot operation to analyze the root cause of accidents occurred in our studied time period. We looked at a total of 469 workplaces. 456 workplaces responded in the year 2009 and survey studies were implemented at 13 of the 29 workplaces where work injuries were sustained in the year 2010. Even where protective measures and interlock devices were in place, our studies indicated that workers could access the robot area to perform the tasks in 188 sites(40.1%). Also, the 143 sites(30.5%) had control measures and equipment located in the safety fence. In addition, the robots found at 164 sites(35.0%) could be restarted without additional restarting operation. These three causes accounted for most of the workplace injuries during the industrial robot operations. Futhermore, we confirmed the fact that the protective measures of the current safety regulations were not strictly enforced. Based upon our studies and the investigation of the present status of the industrial robot operation, higher standards in training and supervision of workers in the robot operation must quickly be met in order to prevent these industrial injuries.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.431-444
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• 2020

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to understand the health interest of consumers in the United States and Japan and thus understand the motivation of food choices, in order to provide basic data on the country's strategy based on healthy and correct food choices in the future. Methods: A customer survey was conducted in 2019 from October 18 to 31, and it targeted 115 American and 120 Japanese local consumers between the ages of 20- to 64-years-old. Eight questions were formed using General Health Interest. Based on food choice motivation, 27 questions were reconstructed and asked about demographic information. All data were analyzed by SPSS Statistics (ver. 25). Results: Health consciousness was categorized into 2 types: nutrition-seeking type and preference-seeking type. Based on these 2 factors, customers were grouped into 3 clusters: healthy dietary life-seeking group, nutrition balance-seeking group and health indifference group. Food choice motivation was categorized into 4 types: health, efficiency, value, and mood. All 3 groups showed a high tendency for efficiency in common. The results show that consumers want higher satisfaction with their time and money invested in food consumption. It is believed that the focus and investment of market segmentation strategy should be focused on product development, especially for American and Japanese consumers who are interested in health. Conclusion: The results of this study reflect consumer needs that can assist in the selection of healthy and correct foods in the future.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.577-586
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• 2001

This study proposes a theoretical methodology for deriving a rainfall intensity-duration- frequency (I-D-F) curve using a simple rectangular pulses Poisson process model. As the I-D-F curve derived by considering the model structure is dependent on the rainfall model parameters estimated using the observed first and second order statistics, it becomes less sensitive to the unusual rainfall events than that derided using the annual maxima rainfall series. This study has been applied to the rainfall data at Seoul and Inchon stations to check its applicability by comparing the two I-D-F carves from the model and the data. The results obtained are as followed. (1) As the duration becomes longer, the overlap probability increases significantly. However, its contribution to the rainfall intensity decreases a little. (2) When considering the overlap of each rainfall event, especially for large duration and return period, we could see obvious increases of rainfall intensity. This result is normal as the rainfall intensity is calculated by considering both the overlap probability and return period. Also, the overlap effect for Seoul station is fecund much higher than that for Inchon station, which is mainly due to the different overlap probabilities calculated using different rainfall model parameter sets. (3) As the rectangular pulses Poisson processes model used in this study cannot consider the clustering characteristics of rainfall, the derived I-D-F curves show less rainfall intensities than those from the annual maxima series. However, overall pattern of both I-D-F curves are found very similar, and the difference is believed to be overcome by use of a rainfall model with the clustering consideration.