• Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.49-58
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• 2002

This study is to classify intonation types of sentence terminal in accordance with sentence form in Korean dialects. Intonation types of sentence terminal in declarative, interrogative (yes-no and wh-sentence), imperative, suggestive of Gyeongnam dialect are low fall, high fall, high fall, low fall, so are not distinctive by intonation, but distinctive by final ending morphemes. But those of Jungbu dialect are low fall, rise-fall and full rise, high level, low rise-fall. Those of Jeonnam dialect are low level, rise-fall and full rise, high level, high level. So those of Jungbu dialect are similar to Jeonnam dialect.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.3-15
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• 2010

The high-rise building is a dramatic phenomenon and a powerful expression of architecture in the modern civilization. The architecture of these high-rise buildings has been developed with mutual contributions of architectural aesthetic form and advanced technologies. Architecturally the significant evolution of tall buildings from ancient towers is a "change of function" from some religious symbols to a commercial concept that has aesthetically become acceptable with the changing of modern society and culture driven by a technological evolution. Generally, this commercial function in the evolution of high-rise building is office where high-rise working style is simply a necessity to meet quantitative market demands since this style in major cities around world has been changed from low-rise to high-rise during the last several decades in influenced of the modern industrial society. To achieve optimum spaces with architectural aesthetics in the high-rise building, the design has become collaborative, requiring the input of architects, engineers, economists, and other consultants. Hence, architects must deeply understand the basic planning theories of high-rise buildings and try to find optimum planning between architectural aesthetics and other issues. For the approach, we can firstly start with measurement and analysis of the planning use situation for major planning issues of high-rise buildings in practice. Therefore, this study is to analysis Design Elements and to find commonly used planning strategies, tectonic, of high-rise building in practice. It will give a chance to confirm commonly used planning and then becomes the starting point of the planning development of high-rise buildings based on practical planning issues.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 2015

High-rise buildings are frequently criticized for their absolutely artificial environments and high energy consumption. This paper tries to present an alternative approach to, and new prototypes for high-rise buildings through dialectic reconsideration of the responsive relation between high-rise buildings and environmental elements, in terms of thermodynamics and energy formation.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2016

High-rise as a building typology is gaining popularity in Asian mega-cities, due to its advantages in increasing volumetric density with limited land resources. Numerous factors contribute to the formation of high-rise urban form, from economical and institutional, environmental to socio-political. Environmental concerns over the impact of rapid urbanization in developing economies demand new thought on the link between urban environment and urban form. Outdoor and indoor climate, pedestrian comfort, and building energy consumption are all related to and impacted by urban form and building morphology. There are many studies and practices on designing individual "green" high-rise buildings, but far fewer studies on designing high-rise building clusters from the perspective of environmental performance optimization.. This paper focuses on the environmental perspective, and its correlation with the evolution of the high-rise urban form. Previous studies on urban morphology in terms of environmental and energy performance are reviewed. Studies on "parameterizing" urban morphology to estimate its environmental performance are reviewed, and the possible urban design implications of the study are demonstrated in by the author, by way of a microclimate map of the iconic Shanghai Xiao Lujiazui CBD. The study formulates the best-practice design guidelines for creating walkable and comfortable outdoor space in a high-rise urban setting, including proper sizing of street blocks and building footprint, provision of shading, and facilitating urban ventilation.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.3-15
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• 1994

The purpose of this paper is to present refernce data to be considered in designing for the fire safety of high-rise office buildings. This paper deals with the characteristics of high-rise office buildings in the fire safety aspects, the basic principles for the fire safety of high-rise office building design, and this study is focused particularly on the location of the escape route of core plan for fire safety in high-rise office buildings.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2021

Since 2006, the number of completed high-rise buildings over 200 meters have increased rapidly. Although there were some short-term cyclical troughs, the overall trend has still been growing. No longer constrained by technological limits, the development of high-rise buildings now depends on cooperation and compromise between social, economic, and political factors. This article extracts statistical data from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) to focus on the completion of high-rise buildings of 200 meters and above over the past 20 years from 2000 to 2019. Similarities and differences in the number, distribution, and function of high-rise buildings are analyzed, The paper also compares the impact of different political and economic environments on the development trends of high-rise buildings in China, the United States and the UAE.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.137-147
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• 2021

The principle of energy dissipation technology is to dissipate or absorb the seismic energy input through the deformation or velocity change of dampers installed in the main structure of high-rise buildings, so as to reduce the seismic response of the buildings. With the development of energy dissipation technology, recognized as an effective and new measurement for reducing seismic effects, its application in high-rise buildings has become more and more popular. The appropriate energy dissipation devices suitable for high-rise buildings are introduced in this paper. The effectiveness of energy-dissipation technology for reducing the seismic response of high-rise buildings with various structural forms is demonstrated with a number of actual examples of high-rise buildings equipped with various energy dissipation devices.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.23-33
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• 2008

After the concept of apartments was introduced in 1960s in Korea, on account of the development of architectural technology and science, high-rise residences in Korea are getting higher, and these residences have been becoming high-rise commercial/residential buildings since 1990. Nowadays, as the construction of high-rise commercial residential building complex is booming, the difference between these complex and high-rise apartments is getting smaller, and these two kind of high-rise residences are becoming new residential style in Korea. And these high-rise residences are considered the symbol of wealth owing to the marketing strategy emphasizing high quality, refined interior, a fair view, and the protection of privacy. However, high-rise residences bring about many problems related to health and psychology caused by the consumption of a large amount of energy, pollutant emission, the deterioration of the quality of indoor air, and vibration. For this reason, in this study, we tried to emphasize the necessity of environment-friendly access to provide healthy living environment and to reduce the negative effect of housing life in high-rise residences, and find the method to improve environment-friendly quality and health of residents in interior space. Therefore, this study aims to detect the problems and the items to be improved of interior spaces of high-rise residences by quantitative, qualitative analysis of the evaluation elements and the floor planning elements deduced from environment-friendly architectural certification in Korea and the other countries, and suggest the guideline to improve the environment-friendly quality of these interior spaces.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.233-242
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• 2018

Since the response reduction effect on over 200-meter-tall resulting from the seismic isolation system is smaller in general than low-rise and mid-rise buildings, mid-story isolated buildings are considered to reduce the response in the upper part above the isolation story, however, in many cases, the acceleration response just below the isolation story is likely to be the largest. This paper presents the structural design schemes, the design of the main structural frames, and the constructions of a 230-meter-tall super high-rise building with mid-story isolation mechanism integrated in Roppongi, Tokyo. Moreover, this paper shows how the architectural and structural design for integrating a mid-story isolation system in a super high-rise building has been conducted and what solutions have been derived in this project. The realization of this building indicates new possibilities for mid-story isolation design for super high-rise buildings.

• Architectural research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2000

Most research on high-rise housing has focused on low-income residences, and usually the psychological and social well-being of women and children. The validity of such findings are questionable for other populations since high-rise living has served other groups and their various needs in particular settings. Lack of knowledge and understanding about high-rises has represented an obstacle to the accurate representation of American urban reality in residential environments. The review of literature and factor analysis identified Important environmental factors. The survey was conducted in the selected downtown high-rise communities of major U.S. cities. Analyses revealed that there were unique characteristics of residents who prefer to live in this type of housing. It was also found that living in middle-income urban high-rise condominiums does not contribute significantly to the problems associated with high-rise living itself. Even though there were some deficiencies of social interaction and activities among residents, the middle-income condominiums were serving particular residents as maintenance-free and safe place imprinted by a positive image of sweet memories or sometimes by a window view presiding over downtown skyline.