• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 2024

CIGS solar cells are thin film solar cells that have excellent light absorption coefficient and can be manufactured with high efficiency through the use of low materials. In Korea, they must pass KS certification for home and commercial installation. KS C 8562 is a standard for evaluating the durability of CIGS and thin film amorphous silicon solar modules and deals with contents such as light, temperature, humidity, and mechanical durability. Unlike general crystalline silicon solar modules, the CIGS solar module has a different behavior of output change through these environmental tests, so if it shows 90% or more of the rated output suggested by the manufacturer after the final test, it is judged to be a suitable product. In this paper, the output before and after individual tests was measured through the test method of KS C 8562 to observe the output change and to discover the vulnerabilities of the CIGS solar module when exposed to various environments. Through this, it was confirmed that humidity exposure was the most vulnerable and that it had output recovery characteristics for light (visible light and ultraviolet rays). This study attempted to present the output behavior characteristics and data of the CIGS module at the time when the high efficiency thin film photovoltaic module market is expected to be created in the future.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2005.10b
• /
• pp.237-239
• /
• 2005

In this paper PLC Power Circuit with Hot-Swap Function is proposed for stable power supplies. The power modules of the proposed devices are implemented by CRM flyback converter using new synchronous rectifier circuit for high efficiency. By a variable switching frequency controller, this converter is operated with a reduced turn-on switching loss. Also, the load current in these power modules are shared by auto master / slave method using Outer loop. The proposed devices are analyzed in detail and optimized for high performance. Experimental results for a 100W power module at the variable switching frequency of 30$^{\sim}$70kHz were obtained to show the performance of the proposed device.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2012.05a
• /
• pp.127-128
• /
• 2012

Exhaustion of fossil fuels and continued high oil prices, global warming, climate change and to respond to the development and use of alternative energy technologies is expanding rapidly throughout the world. Recently, character of domestic building is appearing by along with economic growth, high-rise, large size, congestion. For this reason, the amount of electrical energy used in a building is increasing. In this study, the applicability of PV modules that are used as roofing and efficiency analysis, and more from the building of BIPV modules built using the activation of alternative energy sources in Korea are aimed want done.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.122-125
• /
• 2013

The Floating Photovoltaic System was installed on the surface of water. There were some researches in this subject. But there was not many studies with experiment on a high waterproof Floating Photovoltaic modules. The aim of this study was to analyze the performance of the Floating Photovoltaic System. For this experiment, a high waterproof Floating Photovoltaic modules were designed and applied to the module capacity of 10 kW Tracking-Type structure. The experiment results indicated the performance of the daily production is 51.6 kW; the production capacity of Floating Photovoltaic System is expected to be 23% higher than that of the ground-mounted photovoltaic system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 2007

Recently, many performing arts facilities are under construction to accommodate people's various interest in cultural experiences. However, due to Korea's lack of know-how in such constructions and an absence of proper regulations on design planning, each designer designs and constructs the facilities differently, so several problems are occurring in the process of construction, such as high production cost for stage sets, high labor cost, low efficiency of stage work, and complicated work process. This resulted in low quality production of performance. This study is conducted to address the need for a systematic study on stage floor, and to propose an efficient way of regulating stage work in existing performing arts facilitiesand new facilities to be built. By a comparative analysis of performing arts facilities in Korea, and by analyzing stage floors of the facilities, this research suggests minimum modules as well as an appropriate unit of modules based on the minimum modules; and provides basic data on stage floors, which can be used for remodeling existing facilities orfor planning new cultural facilities. Also, this study suggests various ways of utilizing performing arts facilities in Korea.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2018

This paper shows the principles and characteristics of the transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding technology for power modules packaging. The power module is semiconductor parts that change and manage power entering electronic devices, and demand is increasing due to the advent of the fourth industrial revolution. Higher operation temperatures and increasing current density are important for the performance of power modules. Conventional power modules using Si chip have reached the limit of theoretical performance development. In addition, their efficiency is reduced at high temperature because of the low properties of Si. Therefore, Si is changed to silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN). Various methods of bonding have been studied, like Ag sintering and Sn-Au solder, to keep up with the development of chips, one of which is TLP bonding. TLP bonding has the advantages in price and junction temperature over other technologies. In this paper, TLP bonding using various materials and methods is introduced. In addition, new TLP technologies that are combined with other technologies such as metal powder mixing and ultrasonic technology are also reviewed.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.111-120
• /
• 2019

The output power of a crystalline silicon (c-Si) photovoltaic (PV) module is not directly the sum of the powers of its unit cells. There are several losses and gain mechanisms that reduce the total output power when solar cells are encapsulated into solar modules. Theses factors are getting high attention as the high cell efficiency achievement become more complex and expensive. More research works are involved to minimize the "cell-to-module" (CTM) loss. Our paper is aimed to focus on electrical losses due to interconnection and mismatch loss at PV modules. Research study shows that among all reasons of PV module failure 40.7% fails at interconnection. The mismatch loss in modern PV modules is very low (nearly 0.1%) but still lacks in the approach that determines all the contributing factors in mismatch loss. This review paper is related to study of interconnection loss technologies and key factors contributing to mismatch loss during module fabrication. Also, the improved interconnection technologies, understanding the approaches to mitigate the mismatch loss factors are precisely described here. This research study will give the approach of mitigating the loss and enable improvement in reliability of PV modules.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2012.03a
• /
• pp.120-125
• /
• 2012

Daegu Solar Power Tower Plant of a 200 kW thermal capacity uses an open air receiver. An air receiver is generally based on the volumetric receiver concept with porous ceramic absorbers. Because absorber material is important in the volumetric receiver, ceramic materials with excellent thermal conductivity, high solar absorptivity and good thermal stability have been researched. KIER also developed SiC honeycomb absorber modules and evaluated performance of the modules at the KIER solar furnace. For performance evaluation, we made an open volumetric receiver containing the modules and measured the outlet temperature and the efficiency. It is demonstrated that performance of the KIER absorber is comparable to that of a reference absorber developed by DLR.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.252-257
• /
• 2021

The application of the principle of trigeneration allows to simultaneously provide electricity to power electronic devices, as well as heat and cold to create the necessary microclimate of the premises and increase efficiency compared to separate cooling and heating systems. The use of Peltier thermoelectric modules (TEM) as part of trigenerative systems allows for smooth and precise control of the temperature regime, high manufacturability and reliability due to the absence of moving parts, resistance to shock and vibration, and small weight and size parameters of the system. One of the promising areas of improvement of trigenerative systems is their modeling and optimization based on the automatic control theory. A block diagram and functional model of an energy-saving trigenerative climate control system based on Peltier modules are developed, and the transfer functions of an open and closed system are obtained. The simulation of the transient characteristics of the system with varying parameters of the components is performed. The directions for improving the quality of transients in the climate control system are determined, as well as the prospects of the proposed methodology for modeling and analyzing control systems operating in substantially nonlinear modes.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.281-284
• /
• 2007

Recently, we have developed p-i-n a-Si:H single junction thin film solar cells with RF (13.56MHz) plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system, and also successfully fabricated the mini modules ($>300cm^2$), using the laser patterning technique to form an integrated series connection. The efficiency of a mini module was 7.4% ($Area=305cm^2$, Isc=0.25A, Voc=14.74V, FF=62%). To fabricate large area modules, it is important to optimise the integrated series connection, without damaging the cell. We have newly installed the laser patterning equipment that consists of two different lasers, $SHG-YVO_4$ (${\lambda}=0.532{\mu}m$) and YAG (${\lambda}=1.064{\mu}m$). The mini-modules are formed through several scribed lines such as pattern-l (front TCO), pattern-2 (PV layers) and pattern-3 (BR/back contact). However, in the case of pattern-3, a high-energy part of laser shot damaged the textured surface of the front TCO, so that the resistance between the each cells decreases due to an incomplete isolation. In this study, the re-deposition of SnOx from the front TCO, Zn (BR layer) and Al (back contact) on the sidewalls of pattern-3 scribed lines was observed. Moreover, re-crystallization of a-Si:H layers due to thermal damage by laser patterning was evaluated. These cause an increase of a leakage current, result in a low efficiency of module. To optimize a-Si:H single junction thin film modules, a laser beam profile was changed, and its effect on isolation of scribed lines is discussed in this paper.