• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.73-82
• /
• 2004

There are many concerns about the use and abuse of both licit and illicit substances among adolescents. This study was performed to understand the drinking status and drinking behaviur of middle school students. Self reports on drinking behaviur, dietary habits and one-day dietary records were obtained from 213 boys and 202 girls using anonymous questionnaires. One hundred and forty five of 415 students(34.9%) have experienced drinking and 48.3% of them initiated it at primary school. The motivation for first drinking was different between boys and girls; ' after sacrificial rite' for boys, ' curiosity' for girls. The most plausible reasons for drinking were ' boredom' and ' stress reduction' , and they felt the strongest desire to drink when they felt ' anger or frustration' Drinking behavior was not significantly different between male and female student except in the motivation for first drinking. But interestingly, the girls drank with friends mostly, while the boys drank with their parents. Drinking-experienced students showed significantly high rates of skipping meals and in particular skipping breakfast. DVS was found as $14.71\pm{4.51}$ and $13.95\pm{4.69}$ in non-drinking and drinking, respectively. This study showed that the drinking experience of middle school students were initiated earlier in primary school, and that drinking behavior of female students was not different with that of male student.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.332-339
• /
• 2004

Purpose: To develop a tool to evaluate middle school sex education programs. Method: An evaluation tool was developed in 4 stages: first, preliminary items were developed based on the sex education guidebook for teachers published by the Korean Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development; second, a panel of specialists reduced the number of preliminary items by 3 validity tests on the contents; third, final items were selected from the results of pre-test. Finally, reliability and validity were tested by a sample of 601 middle school students of both genders attending all three grades. Result: The developed evaluation tool contained 31 items on the sexual knowledge and 22 items on the sexual attitude. The results of reliability tests were as follows: Cronbachs alpha for sexual knowledge was .84; and for sexual attitude was .88. Conclusion: This study suggested the developed evaluation tool for sex education programs for middle school students had a high degree of reliability and validity. Therefore, it can be utilized to effectively evaluate Korean middle school sex education programs.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.87-98
• /
• 2007

Objectives: This study was aimed to observe health behaviors of middle school and high school students in an Island. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire survey was carried out for total 414 people(middle school 285-men 160 and women 125, high school 129-men 71 and women 58) who resident in Ulleung-do Gyeoungsang-Bukdo from 1th to 30th November, 2005. results: Test main characters of smokers were men(p<0.01), high school student(p<0.01), low school-score(p<0.01), unsatisfacted school lift(p<0.05), smoking of parents(p<0.01), long attending duration of school in Ulleung-do(p<0.01) and existence of mental effect by an island life(p<0.05), the answered. The more drinkers lived together parents(p<0.05), that their habits were effected by island life rather than non-drinkers.(p<0.05). Conclusion: Among the participants, health-related problems varied in the region. To account for these problems, educational programs or counselling services may be employed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.939-948
• /
• 1998

To investigate the relationship between eating behavior and the prevalence of adolescents drug abuse and smoking, this survey was conducted among 349 male students(mean age ; 16.0 $\pm$0.9yrs) at technical high schools in Kyunggi-Do. It was shown that 58.7% of total subjects were smoking and 11.2% were abusing drugs. Drug abusers weighed Less than non-abusers especially, student smokers were 2.7kg lighter than non-smokers despite the same height. Although parents' education showed no relationship with drug abuse, educational level of student smokers' fathers was significantly lower than that of non-smokers' fathers. Drug abusers and smokers showed significantly higher incidence of runaway from home, absence from school without notice, and parents' divorce than non-abusers and non-smokers. Drugs abused were sleeping pills(n=20), bonds and butane gas(n=9), marijuana(n=3), tranquilizer(n=3), morphine and cocaine(n=2), and pep pills like amphetamine(n=2) 76.9% of the drug abusers had their first experience in junior high school and 81% of the smokers stared smoking as early as in junior high school. Also, 44% of the smokers reported that they smoke daily. The drug abusers tended to have more irregular eating habits than the non-abusers. The smokers showed irregular mealtime, ate either too fast or too slow, and especially, often skipped lunch or dinner. The drug abusers and smokers took little vegetable in their meals and often ate bread or noodles instead of rice for staples. In addition, they preferred taste to nutrition when they had meals. The smokers tended to ingest smaller amount of calcium source such as milk or dinner food and fish with bone although they consume more volume of total foods than the non-smokers. All subjects took less in calorie, calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin E, riboflavin, and folic acid than the Recommended Dietary Allowance Those findings suggest that drug abuse and smoking cause bad eating habits that influence unbalanced nutritional state. Therefore, nutrition education should be provided to the adolescents so that they can recognize the disadvantages of drug and smoking and its relation to dietary relation. (Korean J Nutrition 31(5) : 939-948, 1998)

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.251-262
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is understanding female high school student's make-up culture by developing the recognition criteria for their make-up behavior and anxiety in purchasing cosmetics. This study targeted 524 female high school students who attended vocational and academic high school located in Daegu, Korea. SPSS WIN package was used fur statistics and MANOVA, ANOVA, LSD post-verification was conducted for data analysis. The conclusion of this study is as fellowed ; (1) Academic groups showed statistically different tendency to 6 reasons of make-up behavior ; interest in make-up was chosen most for the reason and etiquette, make-up satisfaction, aesthetics, fashion, synchronism comes next in the order. (2) In case of vocational group, it also showed different tendency to 6 reasons of make-up behavior ; interest in make-up was also most highly chosen reason as the academic group and etiquette was next and then make-up satisfaction, aesthetics, fashion were same level and synchronism was shown to be the lowest chosen reason in the order. (3) Academic group showed different level of anxiety from the 11 reasons of anxiety in purchasing cosmetics ; also anxiety of material was highly chosen reason and then fitness, price, color, quality, utility, purchasing, after service, fashion, label-trust, other people's comments comes next for the reason. (4) Vocational group also showed different level of anxiety from 11 reasons of anxiety in purchasing cosmetics; also anxiety of material was highest reason (same as the academic group) and then fitness, color, quality, price, utility, after service, label-trust, fashion, buying, other people's comments comes next for the reason.

• 영재교육연구
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.497-518
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 과학영재교육원 수료생들 중에서 과학 관련 특수목적 고등학교(이하 과학 관련 특목고)로 진학한 학생들을 대상으로 자신의 진로를 결정하는데 과학영재교육원이 어떠한 영향을 주었는지에 대해서 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 30명의 학생을 연구 대상으로 설문지와 심층면담을 통해 과학영재교육원 입학전 진로, 입학 동기를 알아보고 과학영재교육원 활동 중에서 자신의 진로 결정에 영향을 준 요인을 찾아 확인하는데 초점을 맞추었다. 개방적 탐구활동과 사회적 상호작용을 강조하는 과학영재교육원 활동이 학생들의 과학 관련 진로 결정에 어떻게 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있는지 확인하여 과학영재교육원의 운영 방향을 재조명하고자 하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제16권12호
• /
• pp.735-748
• /
• 2016

현재는 저출산 고령화 사회현상에 따라 한국의 교육환경이 급변하는 시점이다. 특히, 고등교육 시장에서 상당한 변화가 예상되는데 통계청의 보고에 따르면 2010년에서 2020까지 10년 동안 고등학생 수는 196만명에서 127만명으로 35% 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 학생 수의 변화는 교원 수급문제와 직 간접적으로 연계되며, 이는 적정한 교육재정 배정 및 예산 확보와 함께 다시 학급 당 학생 수, 교사 1인당 주당 수업시수 등 교육의 양적 질적 부문에 매우 중요하게 영향을 미치게 된다. 이러한 상황에서 교육시스템 운용에 중요한 영향요인이며 결정요인으로 기능할 것으로 예상되는 재학 학생 수에 대한 정확한 예측모형의 제시는 향후 국가의 교육행정체제와 인사관리 방향성을 결정하는데 있어서 그 가치가 매우 높다고 사료된다. 이 연구에서는 시계열 분석기법의 특성 상 축적된 과거 데이터가 충분한 11개 시도의 고등학생 수 사례를 대상으로 한다. 주어진 실측 데이터에 대한 모형적합도 검정과 오차추정을 위해 다양한 시계열 예측모형과 오차 추정방식을 적용 하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.3607-3612
• /
• 2013

Introduction: Reported prognostic roles of hypoxic inducible factor (HIF) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have varied. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the relationship between HIF expression and clinical outcome in NSCLC patients. Methods: PubMed were used to identify relevant literature with the last report up to December $20^{th}$, 2012. After careful review, survival data were collected from eligible studies. We completed the meta-analysis using Stata statistical software (Version 11) and combined hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival (OS). Subgroup specificity, heterogeneity and publication bias were also assessed. All of the results were verified by two persons to ensure accuracy. Results: Eight studies were finally stepped into this meta-analysis in which seven had available data for HIF-$1{\alpha}$ and three for HIF-$2{\alpha}$. Combined HRs suggested that higher expression of $HIF1{\alpha}$ had a negative impact on NSCLC patient survival (HR=1.50; 95%CI=1.07-2.10; p=0.019). The expression of HIF-$2{\alpha}$ was also relative to a poorer survival (HR=2.02; 95%CI=1.47-2.77; p=0.000). No bias existed in either of the two groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that elevations of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ and HIF-$2{\alpha}$ expression are both associated with poor outcome for patients with NSCLC. The data support further and high quality investigation of HIF expression for predicting poor outcome in patients with NSCLC.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한용접접합학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the International Welding/Joining Conference-Korea
• /
• pp.583-588
• /
• 2002

The purpose of the study is to evaluate fracture toughness on the Laser and the electron beam welded joints of high tensile steels (HT500, HT550, HT650) by using 3-point bend CTOD and Charpy impact test. WM (weld metal) CTOD tests have been carried out using two kinds of CTOD specimen, the Laser beam welding (108mm length, and 24mm width, and 12mm thickness) and the electron beam welding (l71mm length, and 38mm width, and 19mm thickness). WM Charpy impact specimen is a standard V-notch type, and the temperature of the experiment is changed from -45 to 20 degree of centigrade. FE-analysis is also performed in order to investigate the effect of stress-strain fields on fracture characteristics. Results of the standard V-notch Charpy test are influenced by strength mis-match effect and the absorbed energy vE depends on crack path, and The transition temperature of Laser beam welded joints is more higher than that of electron beam welded joints. Results of the 3-point bend test give low critical CTOD and the crack path is in the weld metal of al specimens. These results indicate fracture toughness characteristics of the welded joints and transition temperature of HT500 are similar both a Laser beam welded joint and an electron beam welded joint. But the fracture toughness and the transition temperature of the electron beam welded joints of HT550 and HT650 are higher than those o the Laser beam welded joints.

• 철학연구
• /
• 제130권
• /
• pp.79-107
• /
• 2014

학교폭력이라는 개념은 오늘날 우리 사회의 핵심 키워드가 되었다. 학계 차원에서는 이미 1990년대 초부터 학교폭력의 심각성을 구체적으로 논의하기 시작했다. 그러나 날이 갈수록 학교폭력의 양상은 점점 더 다양해지고 흉악해졌다. 이에 학교폭력의 문제는 학계와 지역사회의 차원에서만 다루어져야 할 사항이 아니라, 범정부의 차원에서 다루어져야 한다는 주장이 쇄도했으며 이러한 운동은 결국 국회를 움직여 법령을 제정하게 하고, 범정부적 대책기구까지 상정하게 하였다. 그러나 학교, 지역사회, 정부차원 등 다방면의 예방노력에도 불구하고 학교폭력의 양상은 더 흉포해지고 조직화되고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 특히 가해자와 피해자가 중 고등학생 중심에서 초등학생으로 저연령화되고 있다. 또한 많은 연구들은 초등학교 저학년 때 학교폭력을 경험한 아동이 고학년이 되어 가해자가 될 수 있는 가능성이 높다는 점을 명시적으로 보여준다. 따라서 초등학교 저학년을 위한 학교폭력 예방 프로그램의 개발이 매우 중요하다. 이에 본 연구는 우선 첫째로, 라캉의 주체 개념을 해명하고, 둘째로, 학교폭력 발생의 원인과 폭력의 양상을 분석하고, 셋째로, 지금까지 제안된 학교폭력을 위한 중요 예방 프로그램의 문제점을 지적하고, 넷째로, 라캉의 정신분석적 도덕교육의 관점에서 학교폭력예방을 위한 대안을 제시하고자 한다.