• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to ascertain whether or not the high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) test, when coupled with Papanicolaou (Pap) smears, would prove useful in the screening and management of patients in whom abnormal Pap smear results had been obtained. Concomitant high-risk HPV detection using the hybrid capture II test and colposcopy with a Pap smear were performed with 176 patients, all of whom had been screened for both cervical carcinoma and precancerous lesions. We concomitantly performed colposcopies on these patients. Upon the follow-ups, the histologic diagnoses of these patients were confirmed via either biopsy or hysterectomy. The rate of high-risk HPV detection was correlated with cytologic diagnoses and colposcopic findings. The group composed of the high-risk HPV-positive ASCUS patients exhibited a 55.7% rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), a significantly higher rate than the 7.5% result obtained in the high-risk HPV-negative ASCUS group. HPV test showed high sensitivity (87%) and low specificity (62.6%) in detection of CIN and colposcopy also showed high sensitivity (88%) and low specificity (22%). Any combination of these tests improve sensitivity, but not specificity. High-risk HPV tests, when coupled with Pap smears, constituted a useful triage approach with regard to colposcopy-directed biopsies in patients in whom a cytologic diagnosis of ASCUS had been rendered.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.240-250
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• 2017

Purpose: In South Korea, suicide mortality has rapidly increased, so it has become a major public health concern. Multicultural adolescents are regarded as a high-risk group due to their situation. In this study, we compared the prevalence and risk factors of suicide ideation between Korean and multicultural adolescents. Methods: Data from the eleventh Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2015), collected by the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, were statistically analyzed using the descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression. The total participants were 63,376 in numbers. They were composed of 62,649 (98.9%) Korean and 727 (1.1%) multicultural adolescents. Results: I found that the prevalence of suicide ideation was significantly higher among the multicultural adolescents (15.8%) compared with those of Korean (11.3%). The risk factors of suicide ideation in the Korean group were co-residence without family, poor perceived health status, depressive mood, high stress level, poor perceived happiness level, and experience of violence. Conversely, the risk factors of the multicultural group were smoking, depressive mood, and experience of violence. Conclusion: These findings suggest that appropriate and practical prevention strategies should focus on psychological and environmental factors in order to prevent suicide ideation and reduce suicide behavior in Korean and multicultural adolescents.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1707-1710
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• 2014

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate baseline use and positive rates of staging images (bone scan, CT) in newly diagnosed patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and to improve staging image overuse. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study covered a consecutive series of patients with PCa who underwent stage imaging at our institution between 2006 and 2011. Various clinical and pathological variables (age, PSA, biopsy Gleason score, clinical T stage, positive biopsy core rate) were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis for their ability to predict a positive staging image. All patients were stratified according to the NCCN risk stratification and positive rates were compared in each risk group. Results: 410 patients (100%) underwent a bone scan and 315 patients (76.8%) underwent a CT scan. Some 51 patients (12.4%) had a positive bone scan, clinical T3 and T4 being significant independent predictors. Positive bone scan rates for low-, intermediate-, high-, and very high-risk groups were 0%, 0%, 8.25%, and 56.6%. Some 59 (18.7%) patients had a positive CT scan, with elevated PSA and clinical T3, T4 as significant independent predictors. Low-, intermediate-, high- and very high-risk group rates were 0%, 0%, 13.8% and 80.0%. Conclusions: The incidences of positive staging image in low- and intermediate- risk group were reasonably low. Following feedback on these results, staging in low- and intermediate- risk groups could be omitted.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1003-1012
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• 2010

This study analyzed purchase behavior according to the risk perceptions when customers buy Cosmetics at Internet Shopping Malls. Participants were 232 women in their 20s and 30s with more than one buying experience at an internet fashion shopping mall. Data were analyzed using factor analysis, Cronbach's analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA and a Duncan test. Results were as follows. Firstly, five factors of risk perception were identified: These were the payment risk, service risk, quality risk, price risk and experience risk. Secondly, customers of internet shopping malls could be categorized into three groups: A low risk perception group, a payment risk perception group and a high risk perception group. Factor analysis showed significant differences between these groups( p<.001). Thirdly, purchase behavior based on the purchase standards, purchase items, information searching were investigated according to the different groups of risk perception of internet shopping malls and results again significant differences between groups (p<.05, p<.001).

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of a depression intervention and suicide prevention program in adolescents with high risk of suicide. Methods: This research was designed as a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest study. The participants were adolescents with high risk of suicide in mental health screening examination. A total of 40 adolescents (experimental group=21, control group=19) were sampled from C-gun, Chungbuk Province. The experimental group participated in the depression intervention and suicide prevention program for eight sessions while the control group did not participate in the program. Data were collected with a self-reporting structured questionnaire from November to December, 2008. SPSS/Win 12.0 was used for data analyses including chi-square test, t-test, and paired t-test. Results: After this program, there was no statistically significant difference in depression (t=1.498, p=.142) between the two groups, but depression decreased in the experimental group. There was a statistically significant difference in suicide ideation (t=2.058, p=.047). Conclusion: To decrease depression and suicide ideation in adolescents with high risk of suicide, it is necessary to offer this program in a more intensive course and for a longer period. Also, family consultation programs and individual case treatment and consultation programs should be offered.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.241-251
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• 2018

본 연구는 지역사회와의 융합을 위해 학교를 기반으로 고위험 문제행동을 보이는 초등학생을 대상으로 실시한 구조화된 인지행동 중재 프로그램의 효과에 관한 예비연구이다. 개발한 프로그램은 준전문가를 통해 실시하여 효과를 검증하였다. 고위험군 선별을 위해 도농복합지역의 한 초등학교 3학년 전체 102명을 대상으로 한국판 아동행동평가척도(K-CBCL)를 실시하였고 문제행동증후군 척도의 T점수가 60점 이상인 고위험군 학생 32명을 선정하여 개입집단과 대조집단으로 나누었다. 인지행동치료를 기반으로 9회기의 구조화된 집단 프로그램을 개발하였고, 심리상담 전공의 대학원생 및 대학생이 전문가의 지도를 받아 개입집단에게 프로그램을 실시하였다. 개입 후 내재화 집단은 내재화 문제, 불안 및 우울증상이 유의하게 감소되었으며 외현화 집단은 외현화 문제, 공격행동에 유의미한 감소를 보였지만, 혼합형 집단에서는 유의미한 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. 질적인 분석을 통해 점수의 의미를 추가적으로 살펴보았다. 결과에 대한 시사점과 연구의 제한점 그리고 후속연구에 대해 제언하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.730-737
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to identify the time interval to pressure ulcer and to determine the optimal time interval for position change depending on pressure ulcer risk in patients using foam mattress in intensive care units. Methods: The Braden scale score, occurrence of pressure ulcers and position change intervals were assessed with 56 patients admitted to an intensive care unit from April to November, 2011. The time to pressure ulcer occurrence by Braden scale risk group was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log rank test. Then, the optimal time interval for position change was calculated with ROC curve. Results: The median time to pressure ulcer occurrence was 5 hours at mild or moderate risk, 3.5 hours at high risk and 3 hours at very high risk on the Braden scale. The optimal time interval for position change was 3 hours at mild and moderate risk, 2 hours at high and very high risk of Braden scale. Conclusion: When foam mattresses are used a slight extension of the time interval for position change can be considered for the patients with mild or moderate pressure ulcer risk but not for patients with high or very high pressure ulcer risk by Braden scale.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.175-187
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• 1999

To investigate the risk perception of environmental issues, two consequtive surveys were conducted to environmental professionals using a standardized questionnaire from September to October in 1999. The number of subjects were 72 for the first survey and 68 for the second one. The questionnaire was consisted of items such as the degree of environmental pollution in Korea, risk perception of some issues on human health and ecosystem, and seriousness of the problems in the real situation in Korea. For the degree of environmental pollution in Korea, the average risk rating in the second test (7.4 point) was significantly higher than that in the first test (7.2 point). The risk perception on the general human health and ecosystem, and the seriousness in Korea situation were analyzed in the order of ′air pollution′, ′water pollution′,′soil contamination′,′waste′,′toxic chemical pollutants′,′food contamination′,′ocean contamination′, ′odor pollution′, and ′noise pollution′. Also ′toxic chemical pollutants′ problem was perceived to be the highest risk on general human health or ecosystem, and on present situation in Korea. ′Automotive vehicle exhaust′ problem was perceived to be the most severe environmental problems among specific 30 items. ′Industrial source air pollution′,′toxic air pollutants′, and ′domestic and industrial source pollutants to surface water′ were relatively severe environmental problems comparing to other problems. The pollution issues were classified into four categories by two aspects of perception; risk in general setting and seriousness in Korea situation. If the issues were highly serious in Korea and low risk perception in general setting then it is named "the Korea-specific group". Those that were all high score in two aspects, named "the Common group". Those that were all low in two aspects, named "the Nonsignificant group". And the issues were high risk perception in general setting and low seriousness in Korean situation, named "the Latent group".

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2018

In consideration of limitations of the classic economic approach to risk evaluation and the psychometric analysis of risk perception, this study applies a facilitated modeling technique to a group of college students in Korea. In this group activities, researchers did not provide a pre-selected list of risk items. Instead, 35 participants had group discussions to generate 63 risk items, to rate their risk level and to evaluate their characteristics in terms of the level of knowledge and dreadfulness. This study also analyzes the influence of mass media, online news papers in particular, on risk perception by counting the number of news articles covering key word corresponding risk items generated. The results show that there are significant differences between the rank order of risk items generated by students and that of statistical or objective risk. Psychometric analyses find that the levels of knowledge and dreadfulness have meaningful correlations with risk level. A well known or a dreadful risk demonstrates a high level of risk. Correlation analyses of media coverage and the risk level also re-confirms strong positive relations. The larger number of news articles a risk issue was covered by, the higher level of risk it showed. It means that college students generated risk items on the basis of what they were exposed by media. The role of mass media in risk perception and the importance of risk communication in risk evaluation are underlined. Implications of research findings and future research are discussed as well.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.195-198
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• 2014

Aim: To evaluate precancerous lesions such as hyperplasia and endometrial polyps in obese postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: Women who were referred with abnormal uterine bleeding in postmenopausal period or the presence of endometrial cells on cervical cytology in our department were investigated. Anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, body mass index, waist/hip ratio and endometrial thickness were compared between a precancerous lesion (hyperplasia and endometrial polyp) group and a pathologically normal group. Results: We detected statistically significant thickening of endometrium in patients with precancerous lesions. Moreover patients with precancerous lesions had higher body mass index than the pathologically normal group. Conclusions: We found elevated precancerous lesion rates in overweight and obese women in the postmenopausal period, of interest given that the prevalence of obesity is increasing in most parts of the world. Although screening for endometrial cancer is not recommended for the general population, in high-risk populations like obese postmenopausal women, it may be very important.