• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.5-15
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• 1995

The quality of mother-infant interaction during early postpartum period has a significant influence on the child growth and development in many aspects. The mother's initial perception of the newborns might have the lasting influence on the development of the mother-infant attachment and mother-infant relationship. Therefore the proper mother-infant interaction should be developed after infant birth. However, it is acknowledged that the high risk infants influence on the mothers' perception because of their abnormalities or disorders of physical condition and the restricted maternal contacts and interactions. The object of this study is to identify the difference of mother's perception of their normal and high-risk newborn during the early postpartum period. The ultimate goal is to contribute to use this basic data to develop nursing intervention toward the promotion of healthy mother-infant relationship and the helping of growth and development of children. The data were collected for this study from Sep. 21, 1990 to Oct. 1. 1991 at E University Hospital. The sample was 83 of mothers who had normal newborns and 73 mothers who had high risk newborns .The instrument was Neonatal Perception Inventory(NPI) designed by the Broussard for the measurement of mothers' perception of newborns about Average Baby and Your Baby. The data were analysed by using an SPSS Program and include percentage mean, SD, t-test, ANOVA. The results of this study are as follows : 1. The normal newborn mothers' perception is more positive than the high-risk newborn mothers(t=7.94, p=0.000). 2. Mothers' perception of the newborns is not related significantly to mothers' general characteristics. In conclusion, in order to promote positive, healthy mother-infant relationship, the nurse need to support, give information, and educate high-risk newborn mothers through early nursing assessment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.277-288
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the experience of becoming a father of a high risk premature infant. Methods: Grounded theory was used for this research. The participants were 12 fathers who had premature infants lighter than 2,500g of birth weight, less than 37 weeks of gestational age and having stayed 2 weeks or longer in a NICU right after birth. Theoretical sampling was done to identify participants and indepth interviews were done for the data collection. For data analysis, the process suggested by Corbin and Strauss was used. Results: For these participants the core phenomenon of the experience of becoming a father of a high risk premature infant was 'striving through with belief and patience'. The phenomenon was 'being frustrated in an unrealistic shock'. Contextual conditions were 'uncertainty in the health status of the premature baby' and 'no one to ask for help' and intervening conditions were 'possibility in the health recovery of the premature baby' and 'assistance from significant others'. Action/interaction strategies were 'withstanding with belief in the baby' and 'enduring with willpower as head of the family' and the consequence was 'becoming a guardian of the family'. Conclusion: For the participants, the process of becoming the father of a high risk premature infant was striving through the situation with belief in their babies' ability to overcome the crisis and waiting for the babies' recovery with patience.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to compare the educational needs and perception of mothers of normal neonates and high risk infants. This research was designed as a descriptive study. Data were collected for two months from April 2002 to March 2002. Subjects were 41 mothers of high risk infants and 60 mothers of normal neonates in one general hospital in Seoul participated in the study. Measurement tools used in this study were the educational needs scale developed by Cho Kyoul Ja et al and the neonatal perceptive inventories scale developed by Broussard. They ask mothers to rate each item on a four point Likert type scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 8.0 program. The variables were listed as frequency, mean, standard deviation, X2 test, t-test, ANOVA. The results were as follows: The educational needs of the mothers of primi pregnancy was higher than the mothers of multi pregnancy. The educational needs on management of diseases such as prevention of infection, symptoms of disease, mental development, attachment promotion, congenital metabolism test, management of convulsion, care of vomiting and fever were higher than general care of infants such as immunization, measurement of temperature, hiccough care, follow up care. The informations must be included in nursing intervention program to reduce the mothers' stress level. In conclusion, in order to promote positive mother infant relationship, nurse need to give information and educate the mothers of high risk infant and normal neonate.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.62 no.5
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• pp.149-154
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• 2019

The World Health Organization recommends that infants should be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life to provide optimal nutrition in this critical period of life. After this, infants should receive nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods while breastfeeding continues for up to 2 years of age or beyond. For nonbreastfed infants, infant formula is an available option to provide the nutrition needed. Infant formula is usually prepared from industrially modified cow's milk and processed to adjust for the nutritional needs of infants. However, cow's milk is one of the most common causes of food allergy, affecting 2%-5% of all formula-fed infants during their first year of life. One strategy to prevent cow's milk allergy in nonbreastfed infants is the use of partially hydrolyzed formula (pHF) in high-risk infants, which are infants born in families with atopic disease. However, based on an epidemiological study, approximately half of the infants who develop allergy are not part of the at-risk group. This is because the non-at-risk group is significantly larger than the at-risk group and the non-at-risk infants have approximately 15% risk of developing allergies. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of partially hydrolyzed whey formula (pHF-W) in nonbreastfed infants and determine whether pHF-W can prevent atopic disease in high-risk infants and can be used as routine starter formula regardless of the allergy risk status.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.17 no.4 s.96
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• pp.65-70
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• 1978

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.82-89
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• 2020

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Korea remains a poorly-understood subject for both professionals and the public. Recent reports have emphasized ethnic differences in SIDS rates, suggesting that making adjustments in child-rearing practices may contribute substantially to SIDS reduction. Two of the three major risk factors for SIDS-vulnerability of the infant and exogenous factors-need to be understood in particular depth due to their broad scope and sociocultural grounding. This paper presents substantial issues regarding preterm birth and male gender on infants' vulnerability to SIDS in Korea. Practices of caring for healthy infants are addressed in the context of sleeping practices, including sleeping position, bedding arrangements, sleeping on the floor, the back-to-sleep position, high indoor temperatures and ondol floor heating, and swaddling. Professional and social awareness about how to reduce SIDS should be raised by promoting a better understanding of risk factors in the context of ethnic and cultural variations in child-rearing practices.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2009

In recent years, reductions in infant mortality have mainly been accomplished by improving the survival of premature and low birth weight infants, however premature infants still remain at great risk. The purpose of this study was to review the maternal child health service related to premature infants and to provide a future direction for improving maternal child health (MCH) in Korea. We reviewed two MCH services which are directly related to premature infants: 1) a registry and financial support program for families with a premature infant, and 2) financial support to build neonatal intensive care units in rural public hospitals. Suggestions are made for the development of a national vital signs record system to identify high risk infants and to monitor the trends in infant mortality due to prematurity. Prevention efforts and preconception care for childbearing women is also an important strategy to reduce the rate of preterm births. Finally, we need consider long-term follow-up plans for premature infants for a successful transit to the special education system. Developing MCH policy related to premature infants that decreases the occurrence of premature may decrease infant mortality, and also improve maternal and child health services.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2022

Objectives: Early detection of developmental issues in infants and necessary intervention are important. To identify the comorbid conditions, a comprehensive evaluation is required. The study's objectives were to 1) generate scale items by identifying and eliciting concepts relevant to young children (12-71 months) with developmental delays, 2) develop a comprehensive screening tool for developmental delay and comorbid conditions, and 3) assess the tool's validity and cut-off. Methods: Multidisciplinary experts devised the "Infant Comprehensive Evaluation for Neurodevelopmental Delay (ICEND)," an assessment method that comes in two versions depending on the age of the child: 12-36 months and 37-71 months, through monthly seminars and focused group interviews. The ICEND is composed of three parts: risk factors, resilience factors, and clinical scales. In parts 1 and 2, there were 41 caretakers responded to the questionnaires. Part 3 involved clinicians evaluating ten subscales using 98 and 114 questionnaires for younger and older versions, respectively. The Child Behavior Checklist, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Infant-Toddler Social Emotional Assessment, and Korean Developmental Screening Test for Infants and Children were employed to analyze concurrent validity with the ICEND. The analyses were performed on both typical and high-risk infants to identify concurrent validity, reliability, and cut-off scores. Results: A total of 296 people participated in the study, with 57 of them being high-risk (19.2%). The Cronbach's alpha was positive (0.533-0.928). In the majority of domains, the ICEND demonstrated a fair discriminatory ability, with a sensitivity of 0.5-0.7 and specificity 0.7-0.9. Conclusion: The ICEND is reliable and valid, indicating its potential as an auxiliary tool for assessing neurodevelopmental delay and comorbid conditions in children aged 12-36 months and 37-71 months.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.190-198
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the paternal stress and nursing support as perceived by fathers of high risk infants admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). Methods: The study participants included 88 fathers of high risk infants in NICUs. Their parental stress and nursing support were measured using a self-report questionnaire. Results: The parental stress level of the fathers was 3.57 of a possible 5. Among the parental stress items, 'Relationship with infant and parental role' had the highest scores. The perceived nursing support level was a relatively high, 3.90 on a 5-point scale. The lowest score was for the item 'showed concern about my well-being.' The parental stress was lower in fathers with low income, higher in fathers in nuclear families and when the infants' condition was serious. Conclusion: The findings indicate that fathers of high risk infants experience intense parental stress. Thus when designing care to provide support for these fathers and their infants, it is necessary to encourage the fathers' engagement, provide information on how to respond to the baby, and include supportive care to the fathers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.557-567
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to defined mothers perception of their infants when the babies were high - risk babies, and to describe the feelings and responses of the mothers following on the birth of high - risk babies and on their hospitalization. The subjects of the study were 30 mothers of high-risk infants at D and M Hospital of E University. Data were collected between August 1993 and June 1994. Using the Neonatal Perception Inventory(NPI ) devised by Broussard to determine the perception of mothers and an open-ended, semi-structured interview which was conducted in the nursery room within 24 to 72 hours after delivery And NPI tested 1 month after the babies were discharged from the NICU also. Data were analyzed using SAS and content analy-sis. The results of this study are as follows ; 1. The mothers tended to perceive their infants positively, regardless of the condition of the infant. Mothers who perceived their infant negatively were slightly increased at 1 month after the babies were discharged from the NICU, but the difference was not statistically significant. 2. Mothers reported that they thought that the newborn can see and hear well, and also they can ex-press themselves. 3. There were many types of response noted such as anxiety, fear, helplessness, pity, resentment, guilt, resignation, hope, relief, appreciation, and feelings of being able to overcome the situation. These were differentiated into positive and negative responses. The finding of positive responses being expressed by mother of high -risk infants while their infants were in NICU was a unique finding especially, appreciation and feelings of being able overcome the situation. The results suggest the need for replication studies and for research on nursing interventions directed at improving the quality of life of high-risk infants and their mother.