• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.729-740
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for school health computerization by investigating the nurse teacher's attitudes toward school health computerization. For this study, the questionnaires were given to 559 nurse teachers from 3. March to 17. March, 1995. Among them, 338 were returned and included for the analysis. The results of the study were as follows : 1. In general characteristics, the results showed average of 38.6 years in age ; and average of 11.1 years in education experience. In distribution of school, the result showed 47.0% in elementary school, 30.5% in middle school and 22.5% in high school ; 75.4% national and public school vs 26.4% private school. 2. In attitudes of computerization, the score was varied from 19 to 76 point. The attitudes was generally positive with the average of 60.23±7.63(SD) score. The respondents are willing to participate in computer education(the highest score, 3.69), they worry about electromagnetic waves by computer (the lowest score : 2.30). 3. 92.6％ of the respondents want to participate in computer education. The major reason the respondents have not yet learned computer is that they had little chance to learn. While 58.0% of them answered that they had an experience of computer use in school health works, few schools had computer in dispensary. In computer use, nurse teachers in public school have more experience than ones in private school. Word processing was the major function that the most respondents can do(62.7%). They answered that they have little knowledge of computer (84.0%). 4. Computer can be utilized in school health works as follows in order : message from school to home, reports, annual plan and statistics. 65.4% of them answered that computer can be used in 10 items of 13 items. 5. The attitudes of computerization showed differences in the following variables career, age, existence of computer in school health clinic, experience of computer use, intention to participate in computer education, computer knowledge, frequent computer use, ability of computer use, school health computerization areas, experience of computer education. Among there variables, age, existence of computer in school health clinic, intention to participate in computer education, ability of computer use, school health computerization areas showed significant explanation(28.3%) for the attitudes of computerization in multiple regression analysis The younger. the higher degree of intention, the more functions they can perform, the more school health computerization areas, and the more computers in school health clinic, the more positive attitude on school health computerization. In conclusion, to achieve the successful computerization of school health works, the positive attitudes of nurse teachers should be encourged for school health computerization. For this purpose, the chance of computer education should be given as many times as possible. And administerial as well as financial support are essential for enlarging the knowledge and ability of computer.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.723-730
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• 2017

폐감귤박으로 제조한 활성탄(WCAC)에 의한 2,4-디클로로페놀(2,4-DCP) 흡착에서 온도, 초기농도, 접촉시간 및 흡착제 투여량과 같은 운전변수의 영향을 조사하기 위해 회분식 실험 및 반응표면분석법(Response Surface Methodology: RSM)을 적용하였다. 2,4-DCP 흡착부터 도출된 회귀식은 반응변수의 함수로 나타낼 수 있었다. 이 모델의 적합성은 응답에 대한 실험값과 예측값 간의 상관관계에 의해 평가되었다. $R^2$ 값은 0.9921로서 높은 상관성을 가지며, 회귀 모델에 의해 대부분의 데이터 변동을 설명할 수 있었다. 독립변수 및 그 상호작용의 유의성은 분산분석(ANOVA)과 t-검정 통계 기법으로 평가하였다. 이들 결과는 사용된 모델이 응답변수를 유의미하게 잘 부합되며, 응답과 독립 변수 간의 관계를 적합하게 잘 설명한다는 것을 보여 주었다. 흡착 속도 및 등온 실험결과는 각각 유사 2차 속도식 및 Langmuir 등온 모델에 의해 잘 설명될 수 있었다. Langmuir 등온 모델로부터 계산된 WCAC에 의한 2,4-DCP의 최대 흡착량은 345.49 mg/g이었다. 흡착과정에서 막확산과 입자내부확산이 동시에 일어나는 것을 흡착 메커니즘 연구로부터 확인하였다. 열역학적 파라미터는 WCAC에서 2,4-DCP의 흡착 반응이 흡열반응이고 자발적인 과정임을 나타내었다.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제7권
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• pp.283-302
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• 2001

본 연구의 목적은 인터넷 및 의류광고 사용현황을 조사하고, 소비자 특성에 따른 인터넷 광고 효과룰 조사하며 소비자 특성(성별, 연령)과 인터넷 광고유형에 따른 광고 효과를 연구하는 것이다. 인터넷 동호회의 회원 500명을 대상으로 인터넷 설문 조사를 실시한 결과, 총 152부(30.4%)의 설문지를 회수하였다. 자료분석은 기술통계 및 ANOVA와 사후 검정으 로 Duncan을 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 인터넷 사용 현황으로 주 사용 장소의 경우 집, 회사, 학교. PC방 순으로 나타났고, 1주일 평균 사용 시간의 경우 3시간 이상올 사용하는 경우가 대부분이었으며, 주사용 목적의 경우 정보탐색, 메일 및 PC통신, 프로그램 다운로드가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 1주일 접속 횟수의 경우 하루에 2번 이상은 인터넷에 접속하는 것으로 나타났다. 의류광고의 이용 경험은 매우 높았으며, 광고를 본 후 바로 구매하는 경우도 38%로 비교적 높게 나타났다. 인터넷 의류 광고를 보고 난 후 인지도에 관한 내용으로 사진이나 그림의 브랜드 이미지가 둘째, 소비자 특성(연령, 직업)과 인터넷 광고 효과에 대한 연구 결과, 연령과 직업의 경우 제품에 대한 태도에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이 중, 연령에서는 20대가, 직업의 경우 전문직에서 다른 집단보다도 제품에 대한 태도에 더 많은 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다 셋째, 소비자특성(연령, 직업)과 인터넷 광고 유형에 따른 광고 효과훌륭 분석한 결과 소비 자 특성과 인터넷 광고 유형의 주효과만이 나타나 이들 변수들이 서로 상호작용하지 않고 독립적으로 광고 효과에 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권5_4호
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• pp.1179-1194
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 지상기상센서가 설치되지 않은 미 관측지점의 기온정보를 추정하기 위하여 K-최근접 이웃, 랜덤 포레스트, 신경망 알고리즘을 대상으로 위성영상을 이용하여 기온자료를 산출하고 그 정확성을 평가·분석하고자 하였다. 위성영상자료는 2019년에 취득된 Landsat-8과 MODIS Aqua/Terra을 이용하였으며, 기상자료는 기상청과 산림청의 AWS/ASOS 자료를 이용하였다. 또한 추정 정확도를 향상시키기 위하여 수치표면 모델, 일사량, 경사방향, 경사도를 생성하여 이용하였다. 머신러닝 알고리즘 정확도 비교는 10-fold 교차검증을 통하여 R²(결정계수) 및 RMSE(평균제곱근오차)의 통계량을 계산하여 대상지역별 추정결과를 비교하였다. 그 결과 신경망 알고리즘이 R²=0.805, RMSE=0.508로 세 알고리즘 중 가장 안정적인 결과를 나타내었다. 신경망 알고리즘을 구축된 위성영상 데이터셋에 적용하여 2019년 6월부터 9월까지의 평균기온 지도를 생성할 수 있었으며 세밀한 기온 정보를 관측할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 연구 성과는 폭염 대응 정책, 열섬완화 연구 등 국가재난안전 관리에 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2007

Purpose: Organophosphate (OP) compounds insecticides are the most commonly associated with serious human toxicity all over the world. The aim of this study was to identify sociocultural factors that contribute to high incidence of pure OP poisoning and prevent OP poisoning in order to reduce the factors responsible for deaths in South Korea. Methods: This is the 38 multi-centers survey and prospective study of pure OP poisoning by structural reporting system and hospital records from August 2005 to July 2006. 238 patients with acute pure OP poisoning were enrolled. We collected patient information regarding poisoning, clinical, and demographic features. Results: The mean age was $55.32{\pm}17.3$ years old. The most frequent site of exposure was their own residence(85.7%). Frequent compounds involving pure OP poisoning were dichlorvos(22.7%), methidathion(8.4%), and phosphamidon(6.7%). Intentional poisoning was 77.9%. The most frequently route of exposure was ingestion(94.5%). The mean arrival time to hospital after poisoning was 12.7 hours and mean hospitalization duration was 12.9 days. 2-PAM was administered to 101 patients in mean doses of 6.3 g/day intravenously. Atropine was administered to 81 patients in mean doses of 74.6 mg/day (maximal 910 mg/day). The presence of lower level of GCS score, respiratory complications, hypotension, acute renal failure, and serious dysrhythmia was associated with serious and fatal poisoning. Overall final mortality in pure OP poisoning was 9.7%(23/238). Conclusion: This study highlights the problem of pure OP poisoning in South Korea as a basic national survey. Futhermore this might help the establishment of strict policies availability of OP and the statistics of OP poison exposure in South Korea.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.743-756
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• 2002

Purpose: This study is a descriptive and comparative study that compares health state and school adaptation between children in divorced family and in normal family. Study results will provide a basic data for the development of an intervention program designed to help children in divorced family adjust to their crisis. Method: The study subjects consisted of 700 children in 4th. 5th or 6th elementary school grade, residing Seoul and Kyunggi regions. Among these subjects, 123 were children with divorced family and 577 were children with normal family. The health status of the subjects was measured by Health Symptom Questionnaire developed by Shin and revised by the investigators. The instrument consisted of 30 items measuring physical and emotional health symptoms. The level of school adaptation of the subjects was measured by School Adaptation Scale developed by Lee, which consisted of 4 dimensions with 20 items what measures relationship with peer students, learning activity, observance of regulation, and participation of school activity. The investigators visited the schools and collected data in the classes using the questionnaire after explaining the purpose and procedures of the study to the children. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, $\yen\"{o}2$-test, t-test, ANOVA using the SPSS PC + statistical program. Result: First, the mean health state score in children with normal family (M=11.99) was higher than that in children with divorced family (M=19.15), showing a significant difference (t=-6.51, p=.000) between the two groups, which suggests that children with normal family have better health state than children with divorced family. Second, the mean school adaptation score in children with normal family (M=38.99) was higher than that in children with divorced family (M=26.97), showing a significant difference between the two groups (t=104.07, p=.000), which suggests that the school adaptation of children with normal family is better than that of children with divorced family. Third, in comparison of health state between the two groups by general characteristics. there were significant differences between the two groups in sex. the most contributing factor to health status of the children, school year. birth order, religion, school achievement, amount of monthly pocket money, parents level of formal education, occupation of parents, economic status (p<.05). Forth, in comparison of the level of school adaptation between the two groups by general characteristics, there were significant differences between the two groups in most variables (p<.05), suggesting that children with normal family had better capacity of school adaptation than children with divorced family. Conclusion: As a result. this study showed that the parent's divorce had great influence on children's health status and school adaptation capacity. The implication for nursing is that there is a need to develop supportive interventions for the high-risk children who have decreased health states and school adaptation capacity due to the divorce of their parents. In addition, it is recommended that further studies should be conducted to explore protective factors for the prevention of health and adaptation problems in children.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1612-1612
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• 2001

The production of grain for export and domestic use is one of Australia's most important agricultural industries, and the NIR technique has been used extensively over many years for the routine monitoring of grain quality, particularly moisture and protein content. Because most Australian grain is intended for human food production, the determinants of grain quality for livestock feed, apart from protein, have been largely ignored. However the increasing use of grain for feeding to pigs, poultry, beef cattle and dairy cows has led to an important national research project entitled “Premium Grains for Livestock”. Two of the objectives of this project are to determine the compositional and functional characteristics of grains which influence their nutritional quality for the various classes of livestock, and to adopt rapid and objective analytical tests for these quality criteria. NIR has been used in this project firstly to identify a set of grain samples from a large population of breeders' lines which showed a wide spectral variation, and hence a potentially wide variation in nutritional value. The selected samples were not only subjected to an extensive array of chemical, physical and in vitro analyses, but also were grown out to produce sufficient quantities of grain to feed to animals in vivo studies. Additional grains were also strategically selected from farms in order to include the effect of weather damage, such as rain, drought and frost. In this study to date, NIR calibrations have been derived or attempted, on both ground and whole grains, for in vivo dry matter digestibility (DMD), pepsin-cellulase dry matter disappearance, protein, fat, acid detergent fibre, neutral detergent fibre, starch, in sacco DMD and in vitro assays to simulate starch digestion in the lumen and small intestine. Results so far indicate high calibration accuracy for chemical components (SECV 0.3 to 2.6%) and very promising statistics for in vivo DMD (SECV 1.8, $R^2$ 0.93, SD 7.0, range 61.9 to 92.3, n=60). There appears to be some potential for NIR to estimate some in vitro properties, depending upon the accuracy of reference methods and appropriate sample populations. Current work is in progress to extend the range of grains with in vivo DMD values (a very laborious and expensive process) and to increase the robustness of the various NIR calibrations, with the aim of implementing uniform testing procedures for nutritional value of grains throughout Australia.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.376-386
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• 2002

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing the smoking behavior of adolescents, in order to provide basic data to develop a future nursing intervention program for smoking prevention. Methods: The study subjects were 162 adolescents attending high schools, who were living in K city. The instruments included the Self Esteem Scale translated by Jeon (1974), beliefs about the social rule scale developed by the Committee for Adolescence Guidance (1988), differential peer association developed by Krohn et. al. (1982), perceived behavioral control scale developed by Hanson (1997), intention of smoking scale developed by Newman et. al.(1982), and self-efficacy scale developed by Sherer et. al. (1982). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: 1. The smoking behaviors of the subjects were significantly correlated with beliefs about social rule, perceived behavioral control. differential peer association, intention of smoking, self efficacy, grade, father's level of education, monthly pocket money, time of onset for smoking, degree of alcoholic intake, and drug abuse. 2. The multiple regression analysis revealed the most powerful predictor for smoking behavior was time of onset for smoking. A combination of beliefs about social rule, perceived behavioral control, grade, differential peer association, and intention of smoking accounted for 54.0% of the variance for smoking behavior in adolescents. Conclusion: It is recommended that these influencing factors for smoking behavior be considered when developing future nursing intervention programs for the antismoking behaviors of adolescents.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2012

환경부 통계에 의하면 하수슬러지의 배출량은 연 7~9% 증가되고 있다. 향후에도 하수처리장 증설과 질소 및 인 제거를 위한 고도처리 시행에 따라 지속적으로 증가할 것으로 예상되고 있다. 그간은 상당량 매립에 의존해 처리해 오고 있었고, 일부는 해양배출에 의해 처리하고 있었으나, 현재는 유기성폐기물 직 매립금지와 해양배출마저 금지될 상황인지라 슬러지 처리에 비상사태라 할 수 있을 것이다. 재활용을 위해 혐기성 소화공법을 적용하여 바이오가스를 생산하거나 탄화공법을 적용하여 고형연료화를 할 수 있으나, 이 또한 공정이 만만치 않으며 악취발생과 2차 폐기물이 되어 버리므로, 사실상 실용적인 방법이라 할 수 없다. 본 연구는 유동층 연소로를 적용한 하수슬러지 처리에 대하여 실제적으로 활용가능한 기술임을 검증하기 위해 핵심 기술을 선정하여 입증하는데 그 목적이 있다. 하수슬러지 처리에 있어 유동층 연소로를 적용한다면 우리나라와 같이 에너지 부존자원이 부족한 나라에서의 대체에너지원(연료)으로 쉽게 활용할 수 있게 될 것이다. 특히 본래의 유동층 연소로의 장점만을 골라 충분히 활용하게 된다면 하수슬러지를 친환경적으로, 위생적으로, 그리고 경제적으로 간단하게 처리하게 될 것이다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2005

본 논문은 프로젝트 학습을 적용한 공학컴퓨터프로그래밍 수업의 효과를 분석하고 그 문제점을 찾아 수업을 개선하는 데에 목적이 있다. 전통적인 강의 수업과는 달리, 본 공학컴퓨터프로그래밍 수업에서는 프로그래밍 프로젝트를 통하여 공학적 문제들을 해결하게 함으로써 학생들이 문제해결 능력과 팀워크 능력 등을 함양할 수 있도록 하였다. 프로젝트 학습의 효과를 알아보기 위해 수강생을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문은 크게 5개 영역(학습효과, 학습량, 능력습득, 과제, 의견), 5점 척도형 문항으로 총 20개였으며, SPSS 통계프로그램을 사용하여 상관분석, ANOVA 등을 실시하였다. 연구결과에 의하면, (1) 프로젝트 학습은 강의식 수업에 비하여 실제 문제를 해결하고 팀워크 능력을 함양하는데 효과적으로 나타났으며, (2) 자기주도학습력과 정보수집력은 유의미한 상관이 있었고, (3) 가상 학습 공간은 자율학습을 하는데 도움이 되는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 (4) 과제의 분배나 학습난이도에 대해서는 부정적인 결과가 나타났다. 결론적으로 좀더 나은 프로젝트 학습을 위해서는 학생의 수준에 맞는 과제를 개발하는 일이 요구된다고 할 수 있다.