• Title/Summary/Keyword: High landfill

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Application of Cokriging for the Estimation of Groundwater Level Distribution at the Nanjido Waste Landfill Area (난지도 매립지 일대의 지하수위 분포 추정을 위한 복합 크리깅의 응용)

  • 정상용;이강근
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.58-63
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    • 1995
  • Cokriging was applied for the estimation of the water levels of the basal leachate and the surrounding groundwater at the Nanjido waste landfill area. When the groundwater level is estimated at the high relief area, it makes a good result to use the data of groundwater level and elevation simultaneously because groundwater level is correlated with topography. This study determined the best semivariogram model of 87 groundwater levels and 144 elevations through cross validation test, and produced the contour maps of groundwater levels using ordinary kriging and universal kiging. Two contour maps don't make big difference at the waste site because this area has a large number of groundwater level data. However, they show big difference at the upper left part of the study area because this area has high relief and a small number of sample data. Their difference is also found at the south area near the Han river. When the topography is considered for the both areas, the contour map of cokriging is thought to be closer to the real groundwater distribution than that of kriging.

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The Method of Certificating Waterproof Effect for Consecutive Column-Wall Mass in Underground (주열식 지중연속벽체의 차수효과 확인 방안)

  • Koh, Yong-IL
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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    • v.18 no.9
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    • pp.5-9
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    • 2017
  • On the flow of groundwater, the effect of consecutive column-wall in underground as a hydraulic barrier could be identified by conventional geotechnical methods ((1)visualiy identification of wall mass after underground excavating, (2)uniaxial compressive strength test for core of wall mass in underground, (3)in-situ permeability test in the hole after coring wall mass). However, for the cut off the leakage or infiltration of very high concentrated leachate from the waste landfill or the contaminated groundwater, the waterproof effect of consecutive column-wall in underground should be verified more objectively, by in-situ measuring of pH, temperature and salinity. and by evaluating of their consistency and similarity throughout analyzing the characteristics of basic components and their profiles through the series of chemical experiments. Furthermore, its waterproof effect could be verified additionally throughout deciding the similarity more simply by comparing the general distribution patterns including the difference of high and low peaks from the chromatograms using GC-MS for surrounding groundwater.

A Study on Promoted High.Durability Concrete Applied to Coastal Landfill Underground Structures and long Time Monitoring (고내구성 콘크리트(PHDC)의 현장적용 성능 및 장기 모니터링에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Woo-Jae;Kim, Do-Su;Khil, Bae-Su;Choi, Se-Jin;Hong, Seok-Beom
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2010.05a
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    • pp.457-458
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    • 2010
  • PHDC(Promoted High Durability Concrete) is developed for preventing the chlroide attack to concrete structure on the reclaimed ground. In this study, the basic characteristics and the field application of PHDC is examined through experiments, the durability standard of the company is suggested. the long-term monitoring experiment for measuring the chloride penetration is also performed.

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Performance investigation of palm kernel shell ash in high strength concrete production

  • Mosaberpanah, Mohammad A.;Amran, Y.H. Mugahed;Akoush, Abdulrahman
    • Computers and Concrete
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.577-585
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    • 2020
  • By the increasing amount of waste materials, it eventually dumped into the environment and covering a larger area of the landfill which cause several environmental pollution problems. The utilization of Palm Kernal Shell Ash (PKSA) in concrete might bring a great benefit in addressing both environmental and economic issues. This article investigates the effect of PKSA as a partial cement replacement of High Strength Concrete (HSC). Several concrete mixtures were prepared with different PKSA of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% replaced by the cement mass. This procedure was replicated twice for the two different target mean strengths of 40 MPa and 50 MPa. The mixtures were prepared to test different fresh and hardened properties of HSC including slump test, the compressive strength of 3, 7, 14, 28, and 90 days, flexural strength of 28-days, drying shrinkage, density measurement, and sorptivity. It was observed 10% PKSA replacement as optimum percentage which reduced the drying shrinkage, sorptivity, and density and improved the late-age compressive strength of concrete.

Nitrogen Oxides Adsorbing Capacity of High Carbon Fly Ash Containing Cementitious Materials (탄소함량이 높은 플라이애쉬를 함유한 시멘트 페이스트의 질소산화물 흡착 성능)

  • Lee, Bo Yeon
    • Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.37-42
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    • 2018
  • The use of fly ash in construction materials is increasing worldwide due the various advantages of using it, such as to produce durable concrete, or to use less cement and thus lower carbon dioxide emissions. The quality of fly ash is often determined by loss on ignition value (LOI), where an upper limit of LOI is set in each country for quality control purpose. However, due to many reasons, production of high LOI fly ash is increasing that cannot be utilized in concrete, ending up in landfill. In this study, the effect of fly ash use in cementitious materials on nitrogen oxides adsorption is examined. In particular, the effect of using high LOI, and thus high carbon content fly ash on nitrogen oxides adsorption is investigated. The results suggest that the higher carbon content fly ash is related to higher nitrogen dioxide adsorption, although normal fly ash was also more effective in nitrogen dioxide adsorption than ordinary portland cement. Also, higher replacement rate of up to 40% of fly ash is beneficial for nitrogen dioxide adsorption. These results demonstrate that high carbon fly ash can be used as construction materials in an environmentally friendly way where strength requirement is low and where nitrogen oxides emissions are high.

Strength and durability of ultra fine slag based high strength concrete

  • Sharmila, Pichaiya;Dhinakaran, Govindasamy
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.55 no.3
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    • pp.675-686
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    • 2015
  • The use of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) from steel industries waste is showing perspective application in civil engineering as partial substitute to cement. Use of such waste conserves natural resources and minimizes the space required for landfill. The GGBFS used in the present work is of ultra fine size and hence serves as micro filler. In this paper strength and durability characteristics of ultra fine slag based high strength concrete (HSC) (with a characteristic compressive strength of 50 MPa) were studied. Cement was replaced with ultra fine slag in different percentages of 5, 10, and 15% to study the compressive strength, porosity, resistances against sulfate attack, sorptivity and chloride ion penetration. The experiments to study compressive strength were conducted for different ages of concrete such as 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. From the detailed investigations with 16 mix combinations, 10% ultra fine slag give better results in terms of strength and durability characteristics.

A Basic Study for Treatment of Sewage and Leachate Using Submerged Nonwoven Bioreactor(SNBR) (부직포활성슬러지법에 의한 하수와 침출수처리에 관한 기초연구)

  • 정유진;고현웅;김경순;윤태경;성낙창
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.12 no.10
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    • pp.1095-1100
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    • 2003
  • In this study, it was performed using submerged nonwoven bioreactor(SNBR) for removal of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphate under different aeration intervals(intermittent aeration). We applied the SNBR at the cheap nonwoven fiber module instead of the expensive membrane. The SUBR was mainly made up of an activated sludge reactor and a transverse flow nonwoven module, with an innovative configuration being in application between them. In case of sewage, the aeration conditions experimented consist of continuous aeration and 60min/60min, 120min/60min, 120min/120min of aeration/nonaeration time intervals, respectively. In case of landfill leachate, the intermittent aeration condition was 120min/120min at aeration/nonaeration. Consequently, a high COD removal rate (about 94%) was achieved in sewage and leachate. Although nutrient removal rate was relatively high without any additional chemicals.

A Study on Strength of Cement Mortar with Micro Grinding High Volume Fly-Ash (플라이애쉬를 다량 사용한 시멘트 경화체의 강도증진에 관한 실험적연구)

  • 정재동
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2001.11a
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    • pp.82-87
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study is for the active use of the fly ash, which is a by-product of the combustion pulverizes coal thermal power plants, to compensate for the lack of landfill and for conservation of energy, by using fly ash as the supplementary cementitious material, and to prove its possibility as the related products of the cement. First of all, the ordinary fly ash is grinded in a special method and its fineness is controlled from 6000$\textrm{cm}^2$/g to 8000$\textrm{cm}^2$/g, then replaced it with the 10% to 80% of the cement mortar in order to test physics characteristics. The first experiment conducts on the strength development in fly ash replacing content and fineness. and the changes of the flow values, incorporating fly ash into cement. The second one is about the slow development of the strength of the fly ash mortar in early ages, and improves its strength with the activator $Na_{2}SO_{4}$, using high volume fly ash.

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The Utilization of Pond Ash as Embankment and Backfill Material (매립된 석탄 혼합회의 성토재 및 뒤채움재로서의 활용에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Dae-Hyeon;Ki, Wan-Seo;Kim, Sun-Hak
    • The Journal of Engineering Geology
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.297-310
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    • 2010
  • This study represents basic research into the utilization of mixed ash (fly ash and bottom ash) from the ash pond of the Taean Thermal Power Plant as a construction material. We conducted physical and mechanical experiments on the mixed ash and examined its engineering characteristics in terms of its use as a material for road landfill and structure backfill. We evaluated the physical and chemical characteristics of the ash by performing tests to determine specific gravity, maximum and minimum density, liquid limit and plastic limit, grain size distribution, composition (by X-ray diffraction), and loss on ignition. We also evaluated the mechanical characteristics by testing for permeability, compaction, CBR, and tri-axial compression. The experiments on the mixed ash yielded a specific gravity of 2.18-2.20, dry density of $9.38-13.32\;kN/m^3$, modified CBR of 16.5%-21%, permeability coefficient of 1.32 to $1.89-10^{-4}cm/sec$, and drained friction angle of $36.43^{\circ}-41.39^{\circ}$. The physical and mechanical properties of the mixed ash do not meet the quality standards stipulated for road landfill and structure backfill materials. Mixed ash with a high content of fly ash failed to meet some of the quality standards. Therefore, in order to utilize the mixed ash as a material for road landfill and structure backfill, it is necessary to improve its properties by mixing with bottom ash.

Biotechnology for the Mitigation of Methane Emission from Landfills (매립지의 메탄 배출 저감을 위한 생물공학기술)

  • Cho, Kyung-Suk;Ryu, Hee-Wook
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.293-305
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    • 2009
  • Methane, as a greenhouse gas, is some 21~25 times more detrimental to the environmental than carbon dioxide. Landfills generally constitute the most important anthropogenic source, and methane emission from landfill was estimated as 35~73 Tg per year. Biological approaches using biocover (open system) and biofilter (closed system) can be a promising solution for older and/or smaller landfills where the methane production is too low for energy recovery or flaring and installation of a gas extraction system is inefficient. Methanotrophic bacteria, utilizing methane as a sole carbon and energy source, are responsible for the aerobic degradation (oxidation) of methane in the biological systems. Many bench-scale studies have demonstrated a high oxidation capacity in diverse filter bed materials such as soil, compost, earthworm cast and etc. Compost had been most often employed in the biological systems, and the methane oxidation rates in compost biocovers/boifilters ranged from 50 to $700\;g-CH_4\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$. Some preliminary field trials have showed the suitability of biocovers/biofilters for practical application and their satisfactory performance in mitigation methane emissions. Since the reduction of landfill methane emissions has been linked to carbon credits and trading schemes, the verified quantification of mitigated emissions through biocovers/biofilters is very important. Therefore, the assessment of in situ biocovers/biofilters performance should be standardized, and the reliable quantification methods of methane reduction is necessary.