• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.73-95
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• 2000

In this study, on the basis of the seventh national mathematics curriculum, the achievement standards were developed to specify the objectives and contents of teaching-learning at the first and second elementary school mathematics. The assessment standards were also developed to differentiate students’ levels of achievement with ‘high’, ‘mid’ and ‘low’ categories. Furthermore, this stuffy suggested the exemplary test items including short-answer and open-ended questions while putting emphasis on students' real performance to increase their ability in solving problems rather than in calculating. In addition to the test items, it introduced the grading system developed to grade the items with concrete guidelines and to report students' achievement on doing mathematics.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2004

Contact tip is located so near to welding arc that it is heated to high temperature during long time welding. In such a situation, tip changes in its microstructure and in turn its mechanical properties. This study was intended to investigate those changes by using simulated heat treatment. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that tip of Cu-P alloy hardened with severe cold deformation lose its initial hardness to a large extent within 60 min due to the occurrence of rapid recrystallization while that of Cu-Cr composition hardened by proper aging treatment can preserve its intial hardness for about 1,000 min or longer. Based on these results, suggested was a guideline that can classify contact tips into two different grades: deformation-hardened type and precipitation-hardened type. Following a guideline, a tip with Cu-Cr composition can be classified into the deformation-hardened type if it is in the over-aged condition. Such a guideline is well described.

• 호스피스학술지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.19-34
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to confirm the influence of nursing student's values on attitudes toward death of them. The subjects for this study was based 356 students of high school in Gwang Ju. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, reliability, factor analysis, t-test, one -way ANOVA, scheffe, Pearson's correlation coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Regression. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The mean score for values was 24.31 The mean score for attitudes of death was 34.02 2. There was significant differences of attitudes of death according to religion, socioeconomic state, existence of parent, grades, smoking, alcohol intaking 3. There was a positive correlation that is values and attitudes toward death of nursing student. 4. There was a significant predictors influencing attitudes toward death of nursing students were values and alcohol intaking and these predictors accounted for 18.2% of attitudes toward death of them.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2022

Vocal fold leukoplakia poses a challenge to otolaryngologists due to its various spectrum of pathologic diagnosis. The degree of dysplasia is associated with malignancy risk and the new 2017 WHO classification system changed from the 3-tier system to a 2-tier system consisting of low and high grades. Infections including candidiasis, cryptococcosis, and tuberculosis should also be included in the differential diagnosis. Efforts have been made to evaluate risks using endoscopic technologies such as narrow band imaging, and surgery is essential for histopathological diagnosis. Regarding management, it is important to make an accurate diagnosis and find a balance between oncologic safety and functional outcome.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2003

This study was performed to obtain the basic data for high quality timber production and efficient utilization by investigating the effect of pruning on timber quality of domestic plantation-grown Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.). The results were summarized as follows:Dead knots (unsound knots) in the pruned logs occurred more at upper parts when compared with in non-pruned ones. The numbers of knots on surface in heavily pruned trees were less than those in non-pruned trees, but there was no significant difference in moderately pruned trees. The required period to reveal clear timber surface without defects after pruning increased proportionally with the increase of knot diameter. The yield of clear lumber production increased by about 10% after 14 years from moderate pruning. The quality grade of log improved with more pruning practices. Knots appeared the most important factor in lowering the log grades.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.23-45
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• 1997

This study was conducted from March 1, 1996 through June 30, in order to provide basic data for devising a policy for school health especially students health promotion and for developing of an education program. Middle school students were 1000, high school students were 2000 and a total of 3000 students were selected randomly among the boys/girls/middle/high schools which are in Seoul, Pusan, Taegu, Pohang, Suwon, Kyungsan, Milyang and a town or subcountry. The summary and conclusion are as follows. 1. In general characteristics of respondents, 51.8% were girl students, 33.7% were middle school students, 66.3% were high school students. 37.2% were living in a medium and small city, 89.1% were middle classes, 43.6% were having no religion, 27.3% were buddhists. 2. As a result of analyzing, exercise, nutrition, personal behavior, knowledge of health education and behavior level which are the factors promotion, exercise level were 3.61 of the perfect 9(40.1/100), nutrition level were 3.71(41.1/100), personal hygiene were 6.89(76.6/100), health education level were 5.1(58.9/100), all of the them are low level. 3. Judging from characteristics, in case of exercise behavior level, It was far higher in boy students than in girl students, in middle school students than in high school students. It was respectively higher than other groups in the second graders of middle school, in the first graders of high school, in the residents who live in a big city, in the high classes in the buddhists. 4. The students level against disease was average 9.11 of the perfect score 14(65.1/100). The level of disease consciousness was high in girl students by characteristics, in the second graders of high school by grades, in high school students than middle school students. 5. In health status, 55.4% were healthy, 7.9% were unhealthy. It was respectively higher than the other groups in boy students, in middle school students, in the residents who live in a big city, in high classes of life level, in buddihists, in higher education level of parents. 6. Judging from the factors of health status and health promotion and the degree of significance, there's a significant differences between exercise and dietary life as P〈0.001, in personal hygiene as P〈0.05, in health education an P〈0.01. 7. Knowledge on disease, health promotion behavior level were average 19.42 ± 4.01 of the perfect score 50(38.8/100) this score was too low. As for characteristics, the level between variables was statistically significant in the higher life level, in the higher parents education level, in the happier family. 8. Judging from health status, knowledge on disease, health behavior level, knowledge and health promotion behavior level significantly in the better health status, in the better school record. 9. As a result of the multiplex regression analyzing the factors which were under influence on health status, the variables like exercise, school record level, the degree of family happiness, nutrition, grades, the members of family influenced much and its persuasive power was 10.2%. The factors which are under the influence on the health promotion were exercise, satisfied degree of education, health status, the degree of family happiness, knowledge on disease, the usage of physical training, sex, the number of the family members, mother's education level. It’s explained power was 21.3%. promotion were high We should develop a text book and an education program to study exercise, nutrition(dietary life), personal hygiene, knowledge on disease and health systematically. As far as health education irrespective city and locality without considering the entrance exam for high school and university we should execute it continuously. To do this, it’s important to cultivate and secure qualified men of ability who can teach things related health promotion and the related subject, that is, health or health promotion subject should be established in middle and high school curriculum necessarily.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.112-124
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the relationships among suicidal risk, self-esteem, and spiritual well-being of high school students, and to provide basic data for developing suicide prevention programs. Method: The subjects of this study were 1.176 high school students from six academic high schools and two technical high schools in Daegu City. Data were collected from the 13th to the 25th of September 2004. The research tools were the Suicide Probability Scale developed by Go. Kim and Lee (2000), the Self-Esteem Inventory modified by Choi and Jeon (1993), and the tool of Spiritual Well-Being modified by Yoo (2002). Data were analyzed with SPSS Windows 11.0. Result: Variables that showed statistically significant difference in suicidal risk were school type, whether to have the best friends, the number of close friends, current relationship with close friends, experience of school violation, respect for the teacher, grades, financial condition, parents marital status, father's education level, mother's education level, home atmosphere, conversation with father, conversation with mother, smoking, drinking, experience of counseling for problems, whether to have physical illnesses, experience of thinking about suicide, experience of attempting suicide. Suicidal risk was in a significantly negative correlation with self-esteem and spiritual well-being. Conclusion: The researcher identified many different variables that affect the suicidal risk of high school students. Self-esteem and spiritual well-being were found to be in a significant correlation with suicidal risk. Therefore, the results of this study can be used as basic data and information for suicidal prevention programs.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.429-438
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 초고층 피난안전설계 기준 개선을 위하여 국내외 피난관계법령에 대하여 비교분석 하였다. 그 결과, 국내 피난관계법령기준 개선사항을 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 첫 번째, 수용인원에 대한 피난용량을 산정하도록 하며, 2이상의 출구 요구시 1개 출구접근 불가할 경우에도 피난용량의 50%이상을 충족하도록 해야 한다. 두 번째, 계단 또는 출구간 이격거리 기준 규정을 통해 이방향 피난이 원활이 이루어질 수 있도록 해야 한다. 세 번째, 막다른 복도 및 통로에 대한 길이제한을 규정해야하며 이는 스프링클러 유무에 따라서도 제한의 차등을 두어야 한다. 네 번째, 피난안전구역과 엘리베이터 및 계단의 경우 안전한 피난경로를 확보하며 피난유도를 하여야 하며, 피난층 이외의 층에서도 수평방향의 피난안전성 확보를 위하여 별도의 피난안전구역 마련이 필요하다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.66-75
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• 1996

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of high temperature and humidity on the ageing of processed leaf tobacco. Four(1993) or six(1994) grades (Both flued-cured and burley) of processed leaf packed in carton box were stored under the natural and artificial conditions. When the Processed leaf was stored in the controlled mom at 40℃ with 75% R.H.(1993) for 40 days, the leaf pH was decreased. The decreasing rate of leaf pH was similar to that of leaf stored under the natural warehouse condition for 15 months. The degree of lightness and yellowness of leaf also decreased, while the decaying or darkening of the leaf was observed. When the processed leaf was stored in the controlled room at 35℃ with 65% R.H.(1994) for 90 days, the pH of flue-cured was decreased 0.22, which was similar to that of the leaf stored under the natural warehouse condition for 15 months, and the lightness, and redness of the leaf were higher than those of the control. As compared with the leaf stored under the natural condition for 2 years, the smoking quality of leaf stored under this condition was similar or somewhat better. The pH of burley tobacco changed little compared to that of flue-cured during storage in this study.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2016

Monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) is an attractive cancer target due to its high expression levels in a wide range of cancer cells. Mps1 is a dual specificity kinase. It plays an essential role in mitosis. The high expression od Mps1 was observed in various grades of breast cancers. In the current study, we have developed a CoMFA model of pyridazine derivatives as Mps1 kinase inhibitors. The developed CoMFA model ($q^2=0.797$; ONC=6; $r^2=0.992$) exhibited a good predictive ability. The model was then validated by Leave out five, progressive sampling and bootstrapping and found to be robust. The analysis of the CoMFA contour maps depicted favorable and unfavorable regions to enhance the activity. Bulky positive substitution at $R^3$ position and Negative substitution in $R^1$ position is favored could increase the activity. In contrast, bulky substitution in $R^1$ position is not favored. Our results can be used in designing a potent Mps1 (TTK) inhibitor.