• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.99-105
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• 1977

Mineralogical study of original and crushed zinc ores as well as mill products was made in order to find out the cause of low-grade concentrate and the scheme of raising its grade. Low-grade concentrate is due to 1) the abundance of other independent sulfides (arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, stannite) and silicate (quartz) in the zinc concentrate, 2) the presence of composite grains of sphalerite and other sulfides or silicate, 3) the presence of a lot of very fine-grained particle of stannite and chalcopyrite within the sphalerite grains, and 4) the high content of iron in sphalerite. It is proposed that further crushing and other appropriate processing should be made in order to increase the grade of zinc concentrate.

• Mineral and Industry
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• v.25
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

In this present work, the froth flotation of lithium ore from Boam mine located in Wooljin, Kyungbuk has been carried out to produce high-grade lithium concentrate. The sample ore-Lepidolite mainly contained silicate mineral (quartz, muscovite) and calcite. In consequences of the experiment, it has been possible to obtain relatively high-grade lithium while using anionic acid (oleic acid) to remove calcite before the froth flotation for lithium concentrate. Among the amines collectors (Armac-T, Armac-C, Armafloat-18, Armafloat-1597), Armac-T has been relatively effective than another ones. Under the optimum condition (collector : Armac-T 100g/t, frother : AF65 50g/t, depressants : $Na_2SiO_3$ 600g/t and Lactic acid 100g/t, pulp density : 20%, pH 5.5, number of cleaning : 2), it has been obtained relatively high-grade lithium concentrate ($Li_2O$) with recovery of 80.3% and with grade of 4.33%.

• Mineral and Industry
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• v.28
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• pp.1-13
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• 2015

In this study, it was carried out separation process research and development to be able to produce high-grade tungsten concentrate form tungsten taken form Mongolia. In order to reduce treatment cost and increase separation efficiency the jig separation at first was applied for recovering the concentrate. Which reground would make the degree of liberation increase. Which was treated by shaking table to reject the gangue minerals from the first concentrate. Because the heavier product contains not only ferberite but also cassiterite, the product was treated by further dry magnetic separation to obtain the ferberite concentrate. Finally, the high-grade ferberite concentrate of 67.63% $WO_3$ could be obtained with recovery of 86.07% through the separation process developed in this study.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.34-44
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• 2023

In this work, column flotation using factorial design was performed for recovering high-grade molybdenite concentrate. First, the flotation concentrate from Samyang Mining Plant was regrinded to a mean size of 165, 116, 46.7, and 38.4 ㎛ for an increase of the liberation degree. Tests were carried out for various variables affecting column flotation, and then the concentrates with molybdenite grade and recovery of 98.3 % and 95.28 % were obtained, respectively. Also, regression was performed using the statistical analysis program (SPSS 25) with the factorial design and experimental data on particle size, flow wash-water velocity and depressant that affect high grade. From the results, a model equation was derived to predict the molybdenite grade (MG) and recovery (MR) with the relationship between column flotation variables. Factors such as depressant concentration + wash-water velocity and particle size + depressant concentration + wash-water velocity were smaller than the significance level (0.05) and had a significant effect on the dependent variable, grade, and in the recovery model, only particle size and wash-water velocity factors affected the dependent variable, recovery.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2010

Froth flotation of complex copper ore from Indonesia Jambi mine has been carried out to produce high-grade Cu concentrate. Since the ore contained minor Cu sulfides in addition to major Cu carbonate (malachite), copper concentrate was recovered by two-stage process of flotation, which consisted of copper sulfide flotation using xanthate followed by copper oxide flotation using oleic acid. The copper sulfide concentrate of 57.5% Cu grade with 9.5% recovery was obtained by copper sulfide flotation under conditions of 300 g/t collector (1 : 1 mixture of xanthate series Aero Promoter 211 and Aero Promoter 242) and pH 6.0 pulp. In subsequent copper oxide flotation on sink products, the concentrate of 30.8% Cu grade with 92.1% recovery was obtained under the conditions of oleic acid 300 g/t, AF65 50 g/t, pH 8.0 and 2 times cleaning. The flotation techniques which can achieve a Cu grade of 36.1% and a recovery of 92.1% have been developed from the two-stage process of flotation.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.3-11
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• 2023

The aim of this study was to develop a physical treatment method for obtaining iron concentrate with a grade higher than 60% from slag generated in the Waelz Kiln (WK) process. The size of the WK slag used in this work was several millimeters, with T-Fe and ZnO contents of 40.24% and 1.03%, respectively. The slag samples were pulverized in a laboratory rod mill for various grinding times, followed by a magnetic separation test under a low magnetic intensity of 0.05 T initially. The results showed that the highest iron grade was obtained from samples with a grinding time of 10 min. Additionally, for a grinding time of 20 min, the highest grade and recovery ratios were achieved at a magnetic intensity of 0.8 T. Based on these findings, the optimal physical treatment process proposed in this study resulted in iron concentrates with a grade of 61.34% and an enrichment ratio of 1.52.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.191-197
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• 2009

It is very important to raise the purity of silica for manufacturing metallurgical-grade silicon because the purification of silicon in the smelting process is very difficult. In present study, the silica sand which is obtained from Vietnam was mineralogically analyzed. Based on the results, a novel process to separate impurities from the silica sand was developed, which consisted of classification, specific gravity and magnetic separation steps. Using the developed process, high-grade silica sand concentrate containing over 99.8 wt% $SiO_2$ was prepared, being suitable for manufacturing the metallurgical-grade silicon.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.202-208
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• 2014

This study was carried out investigate the effects of dietary addition of mineral and sugar on the dry matter intake, daily gain, yield grade and quality grade of Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) steers. Three diets fed to steers included a control diet (concentrate mix and rice straw : C) and two treatments diet (control diet + black sugar 100 g + mineral 100 g : T1, and control diet + black sugar 150 g + mineral 50 g : T2). The results are summarized as follows; total feeding intake, body weight gain and daily gain did not show significant differences among the three treatments. Cold carcass weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2 than in the other two treatments (C and T1). There was no significant difference in yield traits of back fat thickness, longissimus muscle area and yield grade among the three treatments (C, T1 and T2). Marbling score showed significantly (p<0.05) higher in order of T2 (5.67) > T1 (4.67) > C (3.67). Meat color, fat color, texture and maturity were no significant difference. Quality grade was higher in T2 than in the other two treatments (C and T1), but there was no significant difference. The results show that marbling score and quality grade of Hanwoo can be increased by high dry matter intake with feeding addition of mineral and sugar.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.157-170
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Scoria, Quartz porphyry and Oak charcoal powder feeding by 1% level of concentrate on the fattening cross bred bulls(5/8 Korean Native Cattle, 2/8 Charolais, 1/8 Brahman germ plasma) Feeding trial was conducted with 4 treatment groups which were T1(Full feeding of concentrate and roughage for 12 months), T2(T1 and Scoria addition), T3(T1 and Quartz porphyry addition) and T4(Oak charcoal addition) for 360 days, consisting of 32 heads whose initially weights were about 299.7kg. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. During the over-all period, average daily gains by T3, T4, T2 and T1 were 1.024, 0.987, 0.977kg and 0.964, respectively, without a significant difference by treatments. 2. Concentrate intakes per body weight and TDN intakes required per unit of kilogram gain were lower in addition agent groups than in control, and in all the treatments feed efficiency was higher at early stage for 360 fattening day than at end stage. 3. Carcass weight, dressing percent, back-fat thickness and loin eye muscle area by treatments were 330.9 to 348.4kg(average 340.3kg), 55.2~56.2(average 55.8%), 0.41~0.55(average 0.46cm)and 76.0~80.9$\textrm{cm}^2$(average 77.6$\textrm{cm}^2$), respectively, and were improved in addition agent groups than in control. 4. Meat quality grade is higher in addition agent groups than in control, and heads of 1st grade by treatments was 3, 2, 1 and none in T4, T2, T3 and T1, respectively. 5. Incidence heads of diseases by treatment were not apparently different, but diseases of digestive system was decreased in addition agent groups than in control. 6. The nitrate nitrogen content of fattening bull dung which collected in rectum were 0.082~0.089% (average 0.084%), and the content in addition agent groups was smaller than in controll. 7. Income was higher in order of T4, T3, T2, and T1 and incomes of treatment groups were grater than that of control group by 21.4 to 33.5 percent. According to the above results it may be concluded that fattening bulls may be required to feed no more than 1% of Scoria, Quartz porphyry and Oak charcoal powder based on the concentrate feeding level during the fattening period(12 to 24 month of age) to produce high quality meat and increase income.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.281-291
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• 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the feeding method of total mixed fermentation (TMF) and concentrate feed on the growth performance, carcass and meat characteristics of late fattening Hanwoo steers. Twenty-four Hanwoo steers were used in this study. The control group was fed with concentrate feed + rice straw from the growing to the late fattening period, while the T1 group was fed with TMF from the growing to the early fattening period and concentrate feed + rice straw for the late fattening period. The T2 group was fed with TMF from the growing to the late fattening period. The average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not different between the treatment and control group. Serum cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations were higher in the T2 groups than in the control group (p<0.05). The yield grade and quality grade were not different between the treatment and control group. The lightness of longissimus muscle was higher in the T1 group than in the control and T2 groups (p<0.05). Poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) of longissimus muscle was increased in the T2 groups than in the control group. Therefore, the method of feeding TMF and concentrate feed could have a positive effect on the lightness and fatty acid composition of longissimus muscle without affecting the growth and carcass grades of Hanwoo steers.