• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to research and analyze the distribution of night illumination level at urban neighborhood parks and to show its characteristics. And this is used basic data ensuring safety and satisfying aesthetic and psychological desires of people who use urban neighborhood parks at night. To research and analyze the distribution of illumination level at urban neighborhood parks at night. To research and analyze the distribution of illumination level at urban neighborhood parks, I selected 8 urban neighborhood parks as the subject of research in this study, set the measuring standard of illumination level, and measured the illumination level by the measuring standard. The results of this study are as follows; 1. Currently, total average illumination level of urban neighborhood parks was lower than the minimum standard of illumination level I KS A 3011-1993. 2. Average illumination level of each place in urban neighborhood parks appeared variously from low level to high level. But this was lower than the minimum standard illumination level in KS A3011-1993 like total average illumination level. 3. The higher was total average illumination level of urban neighborhood parks, the more various was brightness of places. Although users' aesthetic and mental desire or behavioral aspect relate with safety cannot be found by only survey and analyses of illumination level, it is judged that first, illumination level of the standard of the lightness should be analyzed to find user's mental states and behaviors in external space at night. Therefore, it is considered that this study, which analyzed characteristics illumination level as basic data, has a significance. The study continuing for other illuminative environmental factors suitable in the place is required because the brightness of places may not be measured by only illumination level. And the proper illumination level in outdoor places should be showed in considering psychological and behavioral aspects of human as people may have their own sense of brightness.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2006

전자빔원으로 탄소나노튜브에 기초를 두고 있는 고휘도 마이크로빔 X선원용 타첫이 설계되었다. X-선원은 다음과 같은 제원을 따른다. $1\times10^{11} phs/s.mm^2.mrad^2$. 고휘도, 5 mm의 빔의 크기, $20\~40keV$ 평균 X-선 에너지. 제원을 만족시키기 위해서 구성, 물질, 타겟의 두께와 필요한 빔전류와 같은 타켓의 설계 변수들은 MCNPX code를 통해서 최적화되었다. 설계 변수들은 투과형 타겟 구조를 위해 X-선원의 스펙트럼과 세기의 분포의 계산으로부터 결정되었다 진공압력과 국소화된 열의 누적을 견디기 위한 투과형 타겟 구조를 위해서 구조적인 안정성과 온도 분포도 또한 고려되었다. 타겟 물질은 몰리보덴으로 선택되었고 최적화된 두께는 2mm로서 150mm 두께의 베릴륨이 붙여져 있다 부가적으로 투과형 타겟의 최대 온도가 안정적인 작동의 한계 내에서 유지될 수 있다는 것을 계산을 통하여 알게 되었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.367-373
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• 1999

OCC의 구성 특성을 조사하고 OCC로부터 elemental chlorine free (ECF)나 totally chlorine free (TCF) 표백을 통한 백색도 85% (ISO) 이상의 인쇄 및 필기용지를 제조하기 위한 연구가 수행되었다. American old corrugated containers (AOCC)는 Korean old corrugated containers (KOCC)보다 섬유길이가 길며, 주로 장섬유로 구성되어 있고 전자의 경우 약 80%가 unbleached kraft pulp (UKP)로 구성되어 있으나 후자는 20% 정도였다. 또한 KOCC의 경우 회분함량 (9.7%)과 NaOH 추출물 (19.3%)이 AOCC보다 현저히 높았다. AOCC로부터 ECF 표백이 가능한 펄프 (kappa no. 25이하, 수율 70%)를 생산하기 위한 증해조건은 활성알칼리 20%, 황화도 25%, Anthraquinone (AQ) 0.1%, 펄핑온도 $170^{\circ}C$, 증해시간 90분이다 (kappa no. 22.6, 수율 68%). KOCC의 경우는 증해시간을 60분으로 단축시킬 수 있었다. (kappa no. 16.4, 수율 66%) 증해된 AOCC 펄프를 TCF나 ECF 표백단계를 거치면 백색도 85% (ISO) 이상의 펄프를 생산할 수 있었다. 그러나 KOCC 펄프는 TCF 표백으로서 목표 백색도를 달성할 수 없었다. 표백 KOCC 펄프는 표백 AOCC 펄프에 비하여 연장지수가 낮으나 파열지수와 인열지수는 오히려 높은 경향을 나타내었다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

This study was carried out to explore optimum use of the products generated from the National Forest Management Operation (NFMO) as raw materials for kraft pulp. First of all, different wood species from NFMO were randomly mixed, and then they were used to make kraft pulp under the specified condition. All kraft pulps made from the mixed species displayed equal physical properties to those from foreign wood chips used in Moorim P&P Co. Ltd. For optical properties, most of the unbleached pulps had high brightness but the pulp made from wood species containing chestnut tree showed the lowest brightness due to its high kappa number. Finally, the products from NFMO had little negative effects on the properties of kraft pulps. This means that they could be used as complementary raw materials for kraft pulps with foreign wood chips.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.344-349
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• 2005

The optical and electrical characteristics of plasma display panel(PDP) using the vacuum in-line sealing technology compared with the conventional sealing process in this research. This PDP consisted of MgO protecting layer by e-beam evaporation and battier rib, transparent dielectric layer, dielectric layer, and electrodes by screen printer and then sealed off on Ne-Xe(4 ％) 400 Torr and 430。C. The brightness and luminous efficiency were good as the base vacuum level was higher, and it was to check the advantage of high vacuum level sealing, one of the strong points of the vacuum in-line sealing process. However, the brightness and luminous efficiency was dropped sharply because of a crack on MgO protecting layer by the difference of the expansion and contraction stress on high temperature in the vacuum states between MgO and substrate. Fortunately, the crack was prevented by MgO was deposited on higher temperature than 300。C. Finally, the PDP, was fabricated by the vacuum in-line sealing process, resulted the lower brightness than processing only the thermal annealing treatment in the vacuum chamber, but the luminous efficiency was increased by the reducing power consumption with the decreasing luminous current. The vacuum in-line sealing technology was not to need the additional thermal annealing process and could reduce the fabrication process and bring the excellent optical and electrical properties without the crack of MgO protecting layer than the conventional sealing process.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1657-1658
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• 2006

An external electrode fluorescent lamps (EEFLs) have the advantage of a long lifetime in the early stages of the study on plasma discharge, interest in the lamp continues. Studies on the operation of external electrode fluorescent lamps have focused mainly on its use of a type of high frequency (MHz). By performing high brightness using a square wave operation method with the low frequency below 100kHz, which is applied to a narrowed tube type lamp that has several mm of lamp diameter. To solve these problems of CCFL, EEFL (External Electrode Fluorescent Lamp) is introduced. Because electrode of EEFL is on the outer surface of discharge tube, the electrode is perfectly prevented from the sputtering by accelerated ions. And it is possible to drive the many CCFLs at the same time, because EEFL shows the positively resistant characteristic. But EEFL has the large non-radiative power loss in sheath. In this study the novel electrode structure was introduced in order to reduce non-radiative power loss in sheath of EEFL. The novel electrode structure comes from the idea to combine conceptually capacitive discharge with inductive discharge. Thus, this study verifies the change in the optical characteristics according to the change in electrode structure through a Maxwell's electromagnetic field simulation and examines the relationship between the change in the EEFL electrode structure and brightness by measuring the optical characteristics.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
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• pp.779-782
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• 2004

Establishing and maintaining optimum lamp operating temperature is critically important in backlight systems for large area displays. The information presented in this paper is based upon work completed for a tiled 37.5" AM LCD, plus projections for a 37.5", 42" & 50" monolithic display. Due to the size of the units, a requirement for highly collimated light and a requirement for high brightness, >550 nits at the display surface, significant wattage is required which generates high heat levels in the backlight display assembly and potentially, at the display rear surface. Uniformity of illumination becomes an important element in the system design because of the large area involved.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2005년도 International Meeting on Information Displayvol.II
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• pp.867-872
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• 2005

High-pixel-density displays are now under development to meet the needs of next-generation mobile devices; methods to more efficiently build such displays are described. Displays based on subpixel rendering and RGBW technologies, known as PenTile $Matrix^{TM}$ RGBW, are shown to offer the best approach to meeting the demanding requirements of low manufacturing cost, high brightness, and low power.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2005년도 하계학술발표회
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• pp.54-55
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• 2005

• 광산업정보
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• 통권9호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2002

고휘도 발광 다이오드 시장은 지난 5년 동안 연평균 58%의 성장을 거듭해 2000년에는 12억달러에 이르렀고 전체 발광 다이오드 시장의 42%를 차지했다. 시장 조사 전문 회사인 Strategies Unlimited사가 최근에 발표한 보고서'High Brightness LED Maket Review and Forecast 2001'에 따르면 이러한 성장은 향후 5년동안에도 계속되어 2005년에는 34억 달러에 이를 전망이라고 한다.