• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.983-989
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• 2009

This study aims to systematically identify direct and indirect factors that influence labor productivity and to build a model that mathematically quantifies them so as to efficiently manage and increase labor productivity in the construction work. This study was performed based on the productivity model for workers in reinforced concrete construction projects, because it aims to establish a general construction labor productivity model that reflects many factors that influence labor productivity. Using statistical analysis, we found that the components that significantly influence productivity were the worker component, the work characteristic component, the work technique component, the work management component, the equipment & materials component, and the work guide component, while the work delay components did not significantly influence productivity. In addition, a priority analysis was performed based on the components that showed statistically significant effects. The results of the analysis indicated that the influence of work management component and the work technique component is more than that of the worker component and the work characteristic component. The construction labor productivity model that was formulated in this study could be used for the determining the standard productivity during the initial planning stage, so the best strategy for increasing labor productivity could be formulated.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.69-80
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• 2014

Guided by the exchange model, altruistic model, intergenerational solidarity theory, and cultural contexts, this study explored the determinants of financial intergenerational transfers between older parents and adult children in South Korea. We examined 18,820 parent-child dyads by using random-effects models on the first wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) data. Findings showed that downward financial intergenerational transfers were consistent with the self-interest exchange model but upward transfers did not support microeconomic theories. Family solidarity theory was generally supported by downward transfers but geographical proximity was not positively associated with upward transfers. Lastly, cultural contextual variables such as marital status, birth order, and sex of a child were found to be significant. Parents tended to both provide and receive more financial support from unmarried children than from married children. Within the same marital status, the hierarchy existed in order of the first-born son, the second or later sons, and daughters when it came to downward financial transfers. Regarding upward financial transfers, the preference in order was more complicated. The findings of this study help in understanding the intergenerational financial transfers in the Korean context.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.87-118
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• 2007

Using KRIVET's Graduates Economic Activities Survey for 2005, this article examines the relationship between university ranking and labor market outcome, with a focus on wage differentials existing between provincial and Seoul metropolitan area university graduates. According to the analysis results, the average monthly wage for provincial university graduates was 1,747.7 thousand Korean won, which is 11.5% lower than that for graduates of universities in the Seoul metropolitan area. School effects on individual wage were estimated to about 12.2% after applying Hierarchical Linear Model technique, which means that university explains only an insignificant part of the total variance in wage among graduates. After controlling for the selection bias, the ability difference between the two areas, by applying the Heckman type 2SLS wage function and Neumark wage differential decomposition technique, the wage gap resulting from the segregation was not identified. This implies that, to a significant extent, the wage gap between provincial and Seoul metropolitan university graduates is attributed to the difference in productivity among individual graduates, rather than to the wage segregation. Also, the estimated wage function by applying Quantile Regression technique indicates that there does not exist any significant wage segregation difference by wage quantile.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.109-125
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• 1996

Biases and errors in the human being's reasoning process have been studied continuously by the researchers, especially psychlogists and social scientists. These bias phenomenon is classified on the basis of the origin, i. e. motivation and cognition. Furthermore the necessity of research on the bias in the management and management information system areas in increased more and more recently, which have their academic backgrounds in the psychology and social science. The biased information stream is transformed into the systematic error due to the motivation and cognitive bias of human-being, then its resulting phenomena are as follows; 1. the availability of salient information 2. preconceived ideas or theories about peoples and event 3. anchoring and perseverence phenomena. In order to reduce the information errors, Satty suggested the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) that is the subject of this paper and that is widely used for evaluation of complex decision making alternatives. THerefore this paper studies AHP's effects and its limitations in applying to the management area. Thus this paper compared the performances of the 3 models : 1 the traditional additive regression model. 2 regression model using the factor score, and 3 the regression model with AHP. As a result, 3 models produce the different outcomes.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.423-440
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• 2002

The effects of the nonlinear (quadratic) term in wind pressure have been analyzed in many papers with reference to linear structural models. The present paper addresses the problem of the response of nonlinear structures to stochastic nonlinear wind pressure. Adopting a single-degree-of-freedom structural model with polynomial nonlinearity, the solution is obtained by means of the moment equation approach in the context of It$\hat{o}$'s stochastic differential calculus. To do so, wind turbulence is idealized as the output of a linear filter excited by a Gaussian white noise. Response statistical moments are computed for both the equivalent linear system and the actual nonlinear one. In the second case, since the moment equations form an infinite hierarchy, a suitable iterative procedure is used to close it. The numerical analyses regard a Duffing oscillator, and the results compare well with Monte Carlo simulation.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.105-117
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• 2003

As E-commerce is getting more popular, consumers faces more decision complexity than ever before because they can get greater alternative choices. Futhermore, consumers are sometimes motivated to expand effort in making a good decision in the case of relatively important and non-routine decison, such as buying a house or car. Thus, a buying decision support function is required to help consumers make decisions that have the greatest effects on consumer's lives. We develop a propotype system of a web-based buying decision support system for a cyber shopping mall. A buying decision of a consumer is a multi-attribute decision problem and is supported using analytic hierarchy process model. The system was implemented using HTML, Java, Java applet, JSP.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.129-138
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the significance of undulated planes of architectural landscape methodology, to assess if the methodology had potential to be a sustainable architectural model, to be experimented in future. To achieve this purpose, the historical origins and changes of the landscape is discussed to analyse how it influenced modern architecture. Then the effects of panoramic sensibility derived from the picturesque garden is analysed to evaluate the influence it had on the change of the perception of space and modern architecture and landscape design strategy. Then 1980s and 1990s' symposiums and landscape theories are examined. To find pivotal moment of merging landscape and architecture, the design schemes of Bernard Tchumi and OMA for La Villette competition are selected as manifestations to show co-existence of landscape and architecture. Afterwards Yokohama ferry terminal is analyzed to present the undulated planes deployed for the union of landscape and architecture, to the affect of uninterrupted spatial connectivity. The impact of undulated plane on interior is explored in analysis of Rolex Learning Center, consequently changing the relationship within functions of the interior and the role of circulation. Finally, the spatial characteristics and significance of undulated plane is explored. The spatial characteristics are, the relationship beyond the visual connection through seamless connection; the multiple access paths and discard of transition space thereby diminishing boundaries; the environmentalization of architecture by spatializing circulation and promoting in-hierarchy. The significance of undulated planes are, the synthesis form of architectural typology; the cultivation of public sense; the closest spatial type to the space of appearance referred to by Hannah Arendt.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.95-103
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• 2008

In recent years, there has been more reconstruction and redevelopment of apartments rather than efforts to consider alternative to extend the life time oh the apartments. It is essential to try to develop ways to adequately maintain and to use the apartment facilities efficiently in order to preserve earth environment and the limited resource. However, lacking research on the effects obtained through remodelling and maintenance have interfered with the vitalizing of the market. The objective of this study is to propose criterions and methods with which to evaluate adequacy of developing method. A survey was performed to investigate important evaluating methods in order to obtain advices that can smoothly progress improve apartment developing method. This study applied AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process) methods for reasonable dependancy of developing in apartment. Through this study, the flow of apartment market is elevated to reaching the level in advanced nation.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.233-247
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• 2016

Local food industry has been spreading all over the world. Korea is also actively applying and developing local food industry. However, relatively high distribution cost in Korean agricultural market is hindering its further growth. Distribution cost has close relation with shipping distance. Raised distribution cost brings major impacts not only on quality and price of products but also on greenhouse gas(carbon dioxide) emissions. Therefore, it is necessary to find a solution for inefficient distribution system of the local food industry to reduce overall cost and greenhouse gas. In this study, we present a location selection model for local food regional center using Analytic Hierarchy Process. The location of local food regional hub center is decided based on expert opinions on five factors: accessibility, quality, population, size of area, and shipping distance. The relative importance of the five factors has been concluded as follows: quality (0.430) ${\gg}$ population (0.262) ${\gg}$ travel distance (0.201) ${\gg}$ accessibility (0.075) ${\gg}$ and area (0.033). We apply and analyze the environmental management system model for Local food industry to develop the regional hub center site selection criteria and to analyze the effects of greenhouse gas emissions in the local food industry. This study, by applying and analyzing the environmental management system of the local food industry, is believed to be a valuable asset for managing greenhouse gas emission in the local food industry. Also, the data will be used for the autonomous local food industry's direct sales stall management. Eventually, this study will contribute so greatly to the local food industry's competitiveness that even large distribution companies will give way for the local food industry.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.1052-1060
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• 2018

Numerous studies suggest that the effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on oxidative stress in vivo are correlated with their antioxidative activities in vitro; however, the relationship is still unclear and contradictory. The antioxidative activities of 27 Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from fermented foods were determined in terms of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide radical scavenging abilities, reducing activity, resistance to hydrogen peroxide, and ferrous chelating ability in vitro. Two fuzzy synthetic evaluation models, one with an analytic hierarchy process and one using entropy weight, were then used to evaluate the overall antioxidative abilities of these L. plantarum strains. Although there was some difference between the two models, the highest scoring strain (CCFM10), the middle scoring strain (CCFM242), and the lowest scoring strain (RS15-3) were obtained with both models. Examination of the antioxidative abilities of these three strains in $\text\tiny{D}$-galactose-induced oxidative stress mice demonstrated that their overall antioxidative abilities in vitro could reveal the abilities to alleviate oxidative stress in vivo. The current study suggests that assessment of overall antioxidative abilities with fuzzy synthetic models can guide the evaluation of probiotic antioxidants. It might be a more quick and effective method to evaluate the overall antioxidative abilities of LAB.