• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• 제15C권5호
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• pp.351-358
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• 2008

Recently, as network flooding attacks such as DoS/DDoS and Internet Worm have posed devastating threats to network services, rapid detection and proper response mechanisms are the major concern for secure and reliable network services. However, most of the current Intrusion Detection Systems(IDSs) focus on detail analysis of packet data, which results in late detection and a high system burden to cope with high-speed network environment. In this paper we propose a lightweight and fast detection mechanism for traffic flooding attacks. Firstly, we use SNMP MIB statistical data gathered from SNMP agents, instead of raw packet data from network links. Secondly, we use a machine learning approach based on a Support Vector Machine(SVM) for attack classification. Using MIB and SVM, we achieved fast detection with high accuracy, the minimization of the system burden, and extendibility for system deployment. The proposed mechanism is constructed in a hierarchical structure, which first distinguishes attack traffic from normal traffic and then determines the type of attacks in detail. Using MIB data sets collected from real experiments involving a DDoS attack, we validate the possibility of our approaches. It is shown that network attacks are detected with high efficiency, and classified with low false alarms.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.623-637
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• 2016

This study examined the importance of social capital in facilitating older adults' learning and adaptation of information technology as well as alleviating depressive symptoms. At two senior community centers in South Korea, 144 adults aged 60 and older were recruited to participate in 12 week-long technology classes to learn computers, smart phone, and internet skills. At the baseline interviews were conducted to assess their health status, depression, and online social relationships. Online and offline social capital (bonding vs. bridging) was assessed (Williams, 2006). Four-step Hierarchical Linear Regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of online social relationship on depression. Findings suggested that depressive symptoms were associated with being widowed, being unemployed, and perceiving poor health status. Adding social capital variables in the final step, older adults who perceived less stressors, greater level of subjective health and high online bonding capitals had less depressive symptoms. Only online social bonding was significant in alleviating depression. This final model explained 48% of the variance. Computer/Internet training for older adults need to consider the significant role bonding social capital can play. The findings of this pilot study provided a preliminary base of knowledge about acceptable community-based interventions for older adults.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1998

This paper describes an electronic performance support system called HELPS(Handler Electronic Learning Performence Support) for semiconductor testing e equipment. The purpose of this system is to improve productivity of operators by providing just-in-time, on-the-job, mutimedia-based system information for operational support, training, and knowledge-based trouble shooting and repair. HELPS is composed of a operation module and a trouble shooting module. The operation module uses multimedia and hypermedia to provide the detailed and easily accessible information about equipment to users. Multimedia incorporate multiple. media forms including still and video images. animations 'texts' graphics. and audio. Hypermedia a are provided through a hierarchical information structure which offers not only specific information which is needed to perform a task to experienced operators. but detailed system guidance and information to novice operators. The trouble shooting module is composed of an integrated mutimedia-supported expert system which assists operators in trouble shooting and equipment repair. After diagnosis through the use of the expert system. multimedia advice is presented to the user in either still images with text or motion sequences with sound HELPS is evaluated in term of training time and trouble shooting and repair time. It improved productivity by saving more than 30% of the total time used without the system. This s system has the potential to improve productivity when it is used with ICAIOntellignet Computer Aided Instruction) and virtual reality.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the educational context variables on students' science achievement and interest in TIMSS 2015. TIMSS 2015 science data and questionnaire results were used to fit the Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) in this study. According to the results, books at home, parents' level of education, and students' views on science lessons have significant influence on science achievement of above-high level 4th-grade students, and books at home on below-intermediate level 4th-grade students. Books at home, students' views on science lessons, and school composition by student economic background have significant influence on science achievement of above-high level 8th-grade students, and books at home and students' views on science lessons on science achievement of below-Intermediate level 8th-grade students. In all grade levels, books at home, and students' views on science lessons have significant influence on science achievement and interest. Discussed in the conclusion are ways to improve science teaching and learning including offering systematic reading programs for all students, reinforcement of student-participation in science classes, connecting science hands-on activities with science concepts for below-Intermediate level elementary students, and so on.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.465-471
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of educational training and psychosocial characteristics such as self-efficacy and social support on job involvement in dental hygienists. A total of 418 dental hygienists who were working in S, I and G area were recruited in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate individual and job characteristics, educational training, self-efficacy and social support of the study subjects. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship of individual and job characteristics, educational training, self-efficacy and social support to job involvement. All statistical analyses were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 20.0 for Windows, and p<0.05 was considered significant. The results show that learning experiences of liberal arts or social sciences as a part of college curriculum (t=-2.406), self-efficacy (t=3.728) and social support at work (t=4.391) were significantly associated with job involvement in dental hygienists. Dental hygienists who were having experiences of liberal arts or social sciences as a part of college curriculum, showing higher levels of self-efficacy, and receiving adequate social support from supervisors or coworkers at work were more likely to feel job involvement. They explained 17.4% of total variance of job involvement. This result suggests that experiences of liberal arts or social sciences as a part of college curriculum, higher levels of self-efficacy, and adequate social support from supervisors or coworkers at work might play an important role in increasing job involvement of dental hygienists. It is strongly required to develop individual and organizational program or training to promote a positive attitude to their job as a key professionals in the field of dental health, and to increase job involvement of dental hygienists.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.135-145
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• 2016

This research intended to investigate, from an ecological perspective, significant predictors affecting school life satisfaction. The subjects were 312 students(2nd grade) of commercial high school in Kyonggido. Data collected by questionnaire survey were analyzed by SPSS Win 22.0 and descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, hierarchical linear regression, and stepwise regression were conducted. There were 21 independent variables: 8 organism variables (self-competence, interpersonal skills, internal control, mood awareness, emotional expression, empathy, emotional regulation, emotional capability), 9 microsystem variables(school variables: the relationship with teachers, school learning, classroom climate, school welfare facilities, school environment/peer variables: peer relationship/family variables: family functioning, education level of fathers, economic status), 2 mesosystem variables(parent-teacher relationship, parent-children's peer relationship), 1 exosystem variables(satisfaction with Korean educational system), 1 macrosystem variables(Korean's primal belief in educational achievement). The results are as follows; the significant variables were the relationship with teachers, satisfaction with Korean educational system, peer relationship, emotional capability, parent-teacher relationship($R^2=45.3%$); and the effect of microsystem was the strongest($R^2=35.7%$). This research is meaningful of analyzing school life satisfaction of commercial high school in terms of ecological perspective.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.412-425
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• 2008

One of the important elements for improving academic achievement of learners in education through e-learning is to support learners to study by finding questions they want with providing various evaluation questions. However, most of question retrieval systems usually depend on keyword search based on only a syntactical analysis and/or a hierarchical browsing system classified by the topics of subjects. In such a system it is not easy to find integrative questions associated with each other. In order to improve this problem, in this paper we proposed a question management and retrieval system which allows users to easily manage questions and also to effectively find questions for study on the Web. Then, we implemented a system that gives to access questions for the domain of C language programming. The system makes it possible to easily search questions related to not only a single theme but also questions integrated by interrelationship between topics and questions. This is done by supporting to be able to retrieve questions according to conceptual interrelationships between questions from user query. Consequently, it is expected that the proposed system will provide learners to understand the basic theories and the concepts of the subjects as well as to improve the ability of comprehensive knowledge utilization and problem-solving.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.333-343
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that affect the fall prevention awareness of care-givers working at long-term care hospitals. A convenience sampling method was used to select care-givers who worked at 7 different long term care hospitals which were located in D city and N city. Data were collected from July 2014 to August 2014. 200 data were used for analysis out of 215 data which were collected. The hierarchical regression analysis reveals the following results: Firstly, the effects of care-givers' education level, certificate status, period of work experience and fall-related learning hours on their fall prevention awareness level were statistically significant. Secondly, among fall prevention health beliefs, perceived benefit, perceived disability, perceived sensitivity and self-efficacy were positively related to the level of fall prevention awareness. Thirdly, while such factors as perceived benefit, perceived sensitivity and self-efficacy showed positive effects on the fall prevention awareness, the period of work experience had negative effects. The regression model shows the power of explanation of 31.7 percents. In conclusion, the study suggests a fine-tuned program to improve care-givers' fall prevention awareness in a way of promoting fall prevention self-efficacy, perceived benefits and perceived sensitivity while considering the care-givers' period of work experience.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.117-129
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• 2017

The Purpose of this Study is to Identify the Learning Modules of the National Competency Standard (NCS) Related to the Information Systems Development Curriculum of 4-year Colleges, to Explore the Possibility of Applying NCS to the Curriculum, and to Examine Implications. The Importance of 26 Competency Units in the Applied SW Engineering of NCS was Compared by Area Experts Composed of 14 Information Systems Developers and Professors of 7 Universities who Teach Software Engineering Subjects Through the Hierarchical Analysis Process (AHP). The Results of the Study as Follows. First, the Relative Importance of the Competency Elements was in order of 'Confirming the Requirements', 'Checking the UI Requirements', 'Designing the Physical Data Repository', 'Testing Developer Integration', and 'Fixing Developer Defects'. Second, while the Entry and Intermediate Level Developer Group Determined that the Competency Elements Related to the IS Development Implementation Stage is more Important, the Advanced IS Developer Groups Consider the Competency Elements Related to the Theory-oriented Design Stage as Important Competency. In Addition, the Group of College Professors was Found to Choose all the Practical and Theoretical Competency Elements that Two Developers Groups Considered Important. Implications of the Study Suggested that the Job Performance Competence and Quality of Education Related to IS Development can be Enhanced.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.113-138
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• 2017

Questions of why, what, and how represent the new perspective on goal construct. This paper proposed a novel approach toward the goal construct as a dynamic decision-making process. A number of researchers have agreed that goals initiate and sustain human motivation. In spite of the consistency in emphasis on goals, there are apparent inconsistencies in definitions of goal construct across theories and research. These inconsistences hinder interdisciplinary communication about goal construct, which in turn leads to jingle-jangle fallacy. Therefore, on the basis of systematic literature review, I defined the goal construct as a multifaceted and hierarchical decision-making process to structure desired end-states. The first process is generating goals, which can be also called "why" process. During this phase, individuals generate cognitive schema about general direction of desired end-states based on the conscious and nonconscious interpretation of subjective experience. The second process is goal setting, which can be called "what" process. Here, individuals clarify contents of multiple goals and structure hierarchy and priority of them. The last process is implementing goals, "how" process. This process contains decision making about whether he/she decides to implement the goal or not and how to execute goal-directed behaviors. In the last section of this paper, I tried to suggest several practical applications of this new perspective for adolescents, who struggle with why-what-how to have goals in learning context.