• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.45-47
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• 2009

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) has been very popular in unattended surveillance systems recently. For Applying WSN into Building Automation system(BAS), a novel hierarchial network structure and static routing algorithm which eliminates the scalability limitation of Zigbee are proposed in this paper. The static routing algorithm relying on the hierarchial network address reduces the computational complexity to a great extent and has a real-time performance which satisfies urgent applications well.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1009-1020
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• 2010

In this study, we applied a hierarchial linear model to Anyang city data because students and their schools are hierarchial data structure. As a result, main factors which affect parents' satisfaction to school which their children go to are parents' satisfaction to Anyang city's education policies and areas which their schools located at. We suggest based on the analysis by this hierarchial linear model that if Anyang city make educational policies more efficient and effective in order for students to study in public school without private education and if Anyang city improve environment related with school like those of new cities, parents' satisfaction to school which their children go to will be increased.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.555-562
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• 2004

This paper presents the development and application of a riparian buffer zone design model(RBZDM). The model was developed as a decision-making tool for watershed management, by integrating geographic information system(GIS) and analytical hierarchy process(AHP) theory. Several factors for watershed management, such as pollution removal capacity, land aquisition cost, distribution of point and non-point pollution sources, and possibility of new pollution source location, were analyzed based on AHP theory. The vegetated buffer zone width was designed using GIS-based riparian buffer analysis. The developed model was applied to the Kyoungan Stream watershed, which is an important part of Paldang lake catchment area. The Kyoungan stream watershed was divided into sixteen subbasins. Six of them belong to the main stem, where the model was applied. Ten alternatives of buffer zone width and five hierarchial levels were designed. The relative importance and the relative preference were computed by pair-wise comparison of evaluation criteria given in hierarchial levels. The buffer zone width was determined by linear function of the given alternatives and relative preferences. From this study, it was determined that the six buffer zone widths of Kyoungan main stems would be 1,594, 1,744, 1,856, 1,782, 1,338, 1,780 meter, from upstream to downstream.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.246-257
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• 2004

The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify high school students' conceptual differentiation patterns on human digestion system. The subjects were 124 high school students and this group was guided to independently construct concept maps. Among them, 19 were selected for an in-depth interview and a short test. The concept maps, interview transcripts and the results of short-test were analyzed to identify conceptual differentiation patterns. The results were as follows. Mainly three distinct conceptual differentiation patterns were identified. The first pattern can be named as an 'Free-flow type'. The group belongs to this pattern expressed numerous examples than meaningful concepts with unclear understanding of hierarchial relation between each concepts. Also, this group had difficulties in grasp interrelations of different concepts. The second pattern can be identified as 'Sequence type'. This group constructed concept maps by featuring conceptual sequence. The group applied meaningful learning, yet assembled concept maps primarily according to sequence of learning and exhibited less organized concept maps than hierarchial type. The third pattern can be named as 'Hierarchial type'. All students elaborated concept maps after lessons. The sequence type changed hierarchial type or sequence mixed with hierarchial type but free-flow type was hardly changed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.76-76
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• 1995

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.28-49
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• 2007

Organizational culture has been, by and large, regarded as one of the most significant factors to manage organizations. Especially the understanding of empowerment is pivotal, leading to explain organizational cultures. For hospital workers whose services are closely related to quality and performance of their hospitals, empowerment is now called upon more than ever before. This study is intended to investigate the relationship between organizational culture types and hospital workers' empowerment levels. The data were collected from 589 hospital workers at one university hospital and two general hospitals using the self reported questionnaire from Jan.9 to Jan.20 in 2004. The findings were as follows: 1. Empowerment levels were significantly different among the four organizational culture types. Developmental culture group showed the highest empowerment score(3.74), and next were group culture(3.64), rational culture(3.62), and hierarchial culture(3.46). 2. There was a significantly positive correlation between group culture and empowerment(r=.298, p<.000), between developmental culture and empowerment(r=.295, p<.000). But there was not a significantly correlation between hierarchial culture, and between rational culture. 3. According to the multiple regression analysis, self-esteem(${\beta}$=.417, p<.001), position (${\beta}$=-.190, p<.001), self-control(${\beta}$=.185, p<.001), and age(${\beta}$=.169, p<.01) were significant among general properties for organizational empowerment. As for organizational cultures, developmental culture(${\beta}$=.165, p<.001), group culture(${\beta}$=.099, p<.01), and rational culture (${\beta}$=.063, p<.05) were significant other than hierarchial culture. In conclusion, it is necessary to promote group culture and developmental culture to enhance hospital worker's empowerment level, and this article elucidates that understanding the organizational culture embedded in each organization is important for efficient management of organization.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.464-472
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify aging anxiety and influencing factors of middle-aged adults. Methods: Descriptive correlation design was used. Three hundred and three middle-aged adults participated in the study and completed the questionnaires in the period from September 11 to October 15 of 2011. The data was analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchial multiple regression analysis. Results: Aging anxiety of middle-aged adults was higher than a moderate level. Socio-demographic variables such as age, religion, education, economic level, perceived health status and experience of living with older adults influenced significantly on aging anxiety. In contrast, general self-efficacy, aging knowledge and attitude toward older adults were negatively correlated with aging anxiety. Hierarchial multiple regression analysis incorporating these variables showed an explanation rate of aging anxiety at 21%. And religion, perceived health status, attitude toward older adults, and general self-efficacy were statistically significant among variables that influence on aging anxiety. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that senior preparation programs that can enhance self-efficacy, induce positive attitude on older adults and promote health should be implemented to reduce aging anxiety of middle-aged adults.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.455-458
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• 2003

The variety of document ranking algorithms have developed to provide efficient mining results for user's query on the web environment. The typical ranking algorithms are the Vector-Space Model based on the text, PsgeRank and HITS algorithms based on the hyperlink structures and other several improvement algorithms. All these are for the user's convenience and preference. However, these algorithms are usually developed on then Horizontal and non-hierarchial web environments and are not suitable for the hierarchial web environments such as enterprise and defense networks. Thus, we must consider the special environment factors in order to improve the ranking algorithms. In this paper, we analyze the several typical algorithms used by hyperlink structures on the web environment. We, then suggest a configuration of the hierarchical web environment and also give the relations between agents of the web mining system. Next, we propose an improved ranking algorithm suitable to this kind of special environments. The proposed algorithm is considered both the hyperlink structures of the documents and the location of the user of the hierarchical web.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.413-423
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relations among emotional intelligence, interpersonal relationship, and job satisfaction among clinical nurses. Methods: Data were collected from 315 nurses who had worked for more than 6 months at five general hospitals by a self-reported questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe-test, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchial regression using SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The mean score of emotional intelligence was 3.42 and the score of self emotional appraisal was the highest. The mean score of interpersonal relationship was 3.44 and the score of intimacy was the highest. The mean score of job satisfaction was 3.04. Emotional intelligence and interpersonal relationship were positively correlated with the job satisfaction. Hierarchial multiple regression analysis showed that use of emotion was the main factor of affecting job satisfaction, which explained 30.8% of the variance for the nurses' job satisfaction together with intimacy, regulation of emotion, position, and monthly salary. Conclusion: These findings indicated that emotional intelligence and interpersonal relationship, especially use and control of emotion and intimacy contributed to nurses' job satisfaction. It is necessary to develop and implement the program for increasing emotional intelligence and interpersonal relationship for improving job satisfaction.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between happiness and Yangsaeng in university students of the Republic of Korea. Yangsaeng is a traditional health care regimen that incorporates specific principles and methods with the purpose of improving the health and longevity of life. Methods: The subjects of this study were 358 university students in Korea. Data were collected by using a self-reported questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, hierarchial multiple regression, and Cronbach's alpha. Results: Practicing Yangsaeng yielded a statistically significant difference depending on the subject's satisfaction with his/her major, monthly household income, and smoking tendencies. In comparison, the statistical degree of happiness depended on the subject's satisfaction with the his/her major, monthly household income, and boyfriend or girlfriend situations. Yangsaeng was positively correlated with happiness (r=.66, p<.001). Hierarchial multiple regression showed that the Yangsaeng explained 43% of happiness, and if major satisfaction, monthly household income, and boyfriend or girlfriend situations were also considered, this model explained 56% of happiness. Conclusion: The Yangsaeng oriental health care regimen could produce a higher happiness level. Therefore, Yangsaeng could be recommended as a useful means of promoting health and happiness.