• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.145-159
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• 2015

Objective : In the previous study, co-administration of Gongjindan-gamibang (GJD) with sorafenib increased oral bioavailability of sorafenib through augment the absorption, therefore, the effects of GJD co-administration on the pharmacokinetics of sorafenib were observed after single and 7-day repeated oral co-administration with 3.5 hr-intervals in the present study. Method : After 50 mg/kg of sorafenib treatment, GJD 100 mg/kg was administered with 3.5 hr-intervals. The plasma were collected at 30 min before administration, 30 min, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hrs after end of first and last 7th sorafenib treatment, and plasma concentrations of sorafenib were analyzed using LC-MS/MS methods. PK parameters of sorafenib ($T_{max}$, $C_{max}$, AUC, $t_{1/2}$ and $MRT_{inf}$) were analysis as compared with sorafenib single administered rats. Results : GJD markedly inhibited the absorption of sorafenib, from 1 hr to 24 hrs after end of first 3.5 hr-interval co-administration, the $C_{max}$ (-43.27%), $AUC_{0-t}$ (-56.29%) and $AUC_{0-inf}$ (-66.70%) of sorafenib in co-administered rats were dramatically decreased as compared with sorafenib single treated rats. However, GJD significantly increased the absorption of sorafenib, from 4 hr to 8 hrs after end of last 7th 3.5 hr-interval co-administration, the $AUC_{0-t}$ (34.08%) and $AUC_{0-inf}$ (37.31%) of sorafenib in co-administered rats were dramatically increased as compared with sorafenib single treated rats. Conclusion : Although GJD decreased the oral bioavailability of sorafenib through inhibition of gastrointestinal absorptions after end of first 3.5 hr-interval co-administration, it is observed that GJD increases the oral bioavailability of sorafenib as facilitated the absorption after end of last 7th repeated co-administration. Hence, the co-administration of GJD and sorafenib should be avoided in the combination therapy of sorafenib with GJD on anticancer therapy.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.140-145
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• 2014

This study were carried out for selection of proper transformation variety and development of efficient regeneration and transformation methods. The number of shoot in commercial varieties of gourd plant were 0 ~ 7.3. and fusarium wilt resistant pure lines were 2.0 ~ 6.5 per dish containing on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L BA. The shoot regeneration frequency of fusarium wilt resistant pure lines were wide variation on the deviation. The expression of GFP was high 67% and 100% at the co-cultivation with Agrobacterium. The effective shoot regeneration plant hormone were combination BA and 2,4-D. The number and elongation condition of shoot was good after 4 weeks change with MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BA. Effective callus production plant hormone were combination of 3 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L 2.4-D.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.49-70
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• 2021

Objectives : This study was conducted to approve the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicine on presbycusis with kidney deficiency. Methods : We searched randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on presbycusis patients diagnosed with kidney deficiency through 10 electronic databases from the start to Sep 7, 2021. Study collection and data extraction, and evaluation of risk of bias were conducted by two independent collaborator. The evaluation of the risk of bias in included RCTs was carried out by using Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. And the data synthesis was conducted by using Review Manager(RevMan, ver.5.4). Results : 1. The treatment group which used herbal medicine(HM) alone was more effective than the control group which used only western medicine(WM) on effective rate of hearing loss. 2. In 3 studies comparing the HM-WM combination treatment group with the control groups using the same WM treatment, the effective rate was statistically significantly higher in the HM-WM combination treatment group. 3. Of the 5 studies that reported adverse reactions, one study reported mild nausea and dizziness, but the difference between the HM treatment group and the WM control group was not statistically significant, and no side effects occurred in other 3 studies. 4. In studies comparing HM and WM, the HM treatment group improved hearing loss, whole blood viscosity, serum TNF-𝛼, IL-1𝛽, IL-6, and oxidative stress indicators better than the WM control group, and there was no significant difference. 5. In studies comparing the HM-WM treatment group with the WM control group, the severity of tinnitus, quality of life, and feelings of anxiety and depression were better in the treatment group than the control group. Conclusions : This study shows that the herbal medicine can improve symptoms of presbycusis with kidney deficiency.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.361-371
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• 2023

Objectives : Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor of the digestive tract that not only has a high mortality rate, but also affects quality of life. In Traditional Korean Medicine, acupuncture and herbal medicines can increase the survival rate for Gastric cancer and improve the quality of life. Traditional Korean Medicine treatment played an important role when used alone or in combination with chemotherapy. However, there is still insufficient evidence to support the efficacy and safety of Traditional Korean Medicine in patients undergoing chemotherapy after surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the effect of oriental medicine treatment on patients as a complementary therapy for Gastric cancer. Methods : 2 researchers will search using EMBASE, Pubmed, CNKI, Cochrane Library, CiNii, KMBASE, KISS, OASIS, RISS, ScienceON. The search period of the database is from inception until June 2022. This study will include a randomized controlled trial of GC for acupuncture and herbal treatment. Primary outcomes include anti-cancer effects. Secondary outcomes evaluate survival rates and improvements in quality of life. The data uses Review Manager Software 5.4. Results : This study will provide a systematic evaluation by synthesizing the anti-cancer effect, survival rate and quality of life of Gastric cancer when Traditional Korean Medicine is combined with chemotherapy. Conclusion : The conclusion of this study will provide a basis for determining whether Traditional Korean Medicine treatment for Gastric cancer treatment is an effective and safe treatment method in clinical practice.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.44-55
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• 2021

Objectives : The aim of this article is to compare the effect of the korean medicine alone with korean-western combination treatment to herpes zoster. Methods : Domestic databases(OASIS, NDSL, RISS, KISS, KTKP, KMBASE, DBPIA, KoreaMed, National Assembly Library) were used to search case study papers related to herpes zoster and korean medicine treatment. We searched them using the term 'Herpes zoster' or 'Ramsey Hunt' combinated with 'Acupuntcure', 'Herbal medicine' or 'Korean medicine'. Results : A total of 36 studies were selected and analyzed. 25 studies treated with korean medicine and 11 studies treated with korean-western combination treatment which include any western medication. Of these 36 papers, there were a total of 24 cases in which a VAS test was undertaken. According to 36 published papers, no statistically significant difference in the periods of treatment with korean medicine alone from those of korean-western combination treatment was found. Also, no statistical difference in the VAS changes per period with korean medicine alone from those with korean-western combination treatment was found. Conclusions : According to the results, These findings suggest that korean medicine treatment can be effective for the herpes zoster the same as korean-western combination treatment.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.25-38
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• 2017

More than 90 percent of domestic consumption of the lettuce occupied leaf lettuce, and the farmer preferred high yield, late bolting and stable expression of anthocyanins. So, this research focused on making resistant to disease, late bolting, and good expression of anthocyanin for lettuce. Based on these characteristic's parents, 11 crosses were created. So we advanced the generation and investigated each generation from F₁ to F₇. In this year, we selected 90 combination 221 lines which was F₂ 42 combination 137 lines, F₃ 4 combination 17 lines, F4 11 combination 27 lines, F₅ 7 combination 30 lines, F₆ 1 combination 2 lines, F₇ 3 combination 8 lines. Among the selected 17 lines, 5007, 5014, 6004, 6005, 6021, 6023, 7001, 7002, 7006, 7007, 7010, 7011, 7015, 7018, 7019, and 7021 which were late bolting and good expression of anthocyanins were investigated their yield. Finally, we selected 5 lines 7001, 7002, 7011, 7018 and 7022 in this year.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.63-81
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• 2005

Herbal acupuncture has been used to prevent and treat the cerebrovascular accident, such as a stroke, and many studies of acupuncture and moxibustion concerning to the stroke have been undertaken in the human and various animals. The main characteristics of herbal acupuncture are a combination of acupuncture and herbal medicine. It was not well known the therapeutic effect and the mechanism of herbal acupuncture on transient forebrain ischemic injury, although it has been used frequently in clinics. In this study, neuroprotective effects of folium artemisiae argyi (艾葉)' herbal acupuncture on the $LR_3$ (Taechung) on the transient forebrain ischemia were investigated in Sprague-Dawely rats. Expressions of cFos, FosB and BDNF protein in the hippocampus and cortex were observed at 2 hrs and 48 hrs after transient forebrain ischemia by immunohistochemistry and ELISA technique. Expression of cFos protein was increased slightly in the hippocampus and cortex at 2 hrs after transient forebrain ischemia, but FosB protein was increased highly comparing to cFos protein. However, pretreatment with folium artemisiae argyi' herbal acupuncture on $LR_3$ significantly increased expression of cFos protein and significantly decreased expression of FosB protein compared to control group. These features were observed in the motor cortex and retrosplenial granular cortex as well as the hippocampus. Also, pretreatment with folium artemisiae argyi' herbal acupuncture on $LR_3$ significantly increased the expression of BDNF protein in the hippocampus ($263.26{\pm}44.56pg/ml$ extracted by water, $275.35{\pm}51.47pg/ml$ extracted by moxa tar)and the cortex ($102.33{\pm}13.65pg/ml$ extracted by water, $109.54{\pm}9.37pg/ml$ extracted by moxa tar) compared to the hippocampus $(134.07{\pm}2.96pg/ml)$ and the cortex $(61.16{\pm}4.11pg/ml)$ in control group at 48 hrs after transient forebrain ischemia. These results suggest that pretreatment with folium artemisiae argyi'herbal acupuncture on $LR_3$ has neuroprotective effect on transient forebrain ischemia and the herbal acupunture on $LR_3$ may be related to antioxidative function of folium artemisiae argyi.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.341-347
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• 2019

In this study, the following is the result of measuring the quality characteristics of herbal wine and the active inhibition of Glutathione S-transferase in order to measure the release of physiological active substances according to the concentration of extracts. The pH level of herbal wine was 4.4, up from 3.9 before fermentation. These changes are attributed to fermentation and organic acids during alcoholic fermentation. The acidity of herbal wine was 0.55%, about six times higher than the pre-fermentation control of 0.09%. These results show that organic acids are used for flavor formation, ether, in combination with alcohol. The inhibitory activity of glutathione S-transferase were $5.1{\pm}0.31$ in herbal wine 15%, $6.5{\pm}0.6$ in herbal wine 20%, $7.6{\pm}0.6$ in herbal wine 25%, $8.4{\pm}0.2$ in herbal wine 30% and $9.7{\pm}0.7$ in herbal wine 35%. As the extract concentration was increased the inhibitory activity of glutathione S-transferase were significantly increased (<0.05).

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.203-209
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• 2013

Genetic manipulation of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) breeding is still difficult due to lack of reliable regeneration system. The aim of this research is to establish shoot regeneration system from leaf explants for pear (P. pyrifolia cv. Niitaka) using various concentrations of plant growth regulators and carbon source supplemented to medium. The highest regeneration rate of about 20% was found on a medium containing 4.4 g/L of Murashige and Skoog (MS) without vitamins, Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) vitamins were added separately. Leaf explants of pear were cultured on MS medium containing 7 g/L of Daishin agar supplemented with various concentrations of NAA (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 mg/L) in combination with BA(3, 5, 10 mg/L) for shoot regeneration. In medium with 5 mg/L of BA and 0.01 mg/L of NAA, adventitious shoot regeneration rate was higher than others treated. The optimal results were observed using MS medium supplemented with 30 g/L sorbitol as carbon source on regeneration system. Sorbitol is considered better carbon source than sucrose for shoot regeneration of pear (P. pyrifolia cv. Niitaka). In order to increase of shoot regeneration in pear (P. pyrifolia cv. Niitaka), plant agar and Daishin agar used as gelling agents, Daishin agar is more efficient in shoot regeneration.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.61-80
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• 2003

Objectives : Acupuncture and herbal medicine have been used to prevent and treat the cerebrovascular accident, such as a stroke, and many studies of acupuncture and moxibustion concerning to the stroke have been undertaken in the human and various animals. Recently, the new therapeutic tool, that is herbal acupuncture, has been developed since the 1950' and applied to various diseases including the cerebrovascular accident. The main characteristics of herbal acupuncture are a combination of acupuncture and herbal medicine. It was not well known the therapeutic effect and the mechanism of herbal acupuncture on transient forebrain ischemic injury, although it has been used frequently in clinics. Methods : In this study, effects of folium Artemisiae Argyi and moxa tar' herbal acupuncture on the $GV_{20}$, named Baek-Hue, on neuroprotection after the transient forebrain ischemia were investigated in Sprague-Dawely rats. Expressions of cFos, FosB and BDNF protein in the hippocampus and cortex were observed at 2 hrs and 48 hrs after transient forebrain ischemia by immunohis- tochemistry and ELISA technique. Results : Expression of cFos protein was increased slightly in the hippocampus and cortex at 2 hrs after transient forebrain ischemia, but FosB protein was increased highly comparing to cFos protein. However, pretreatment with folium Artemisiae Argyi or moxa tar' herbal acupuncture on $GV_{20}$ significantly increased expression of cFos protein and significantly decreased expression of FosB protein compared to control group, respectively. These features were observed in the motor cortex and retrosplenial granular cortex as well as the hippocampus. Also, pretreatment with folium Artemisiae Argyi and moxa tar' herbal acupuncture on$GV_{20}$ significantly increased the expression of BDNF protein in the hippocampus and the cortex compared to control group at 48 hrs after transient forebrain ischemia, respectively. Conclusions : These results suggest that pretreatment with folium Artemisiae Argyi or moxa tar' herbal acupuncture on $GV_{20}$ has neuroprotective effect on transient forebrain ischemia and theherbal acupuncture on $GV_{20}$ may be related to antioxidative function.