• 원예과학기술지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of artificial light sources with different light qualities on the growth and flowering characteristics of a herbaceous long-day plant, Petunia ${\times}$ hybrida Hort. Seedlings of petunia cultivar 'Madness Rose' were potted, acclimated for one week, and grown in a phytotron equipped with tube- and bulb-type fluorescent lamps (FL tube and bulb), tube-type white light-emitting diodes (LED tube), halogen lamps (HL), metal halide lamps (MH), and high pressure sodium lamps (HPS) for 10 weeks. The temperature, photoperiod, and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) in the phytotron were $22{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, 16 h, and $25{\pm}2{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, respectively. Light sources combined with HL promoted stem elongation, and plant height and internode length decreased with increasing red to far-red (R:FR) ratio. FL tube + LED tube, HPS, and FL tube promoted branching, whereas plants grown under light sources combined with HL did not have any branches. Days to flowering (from longest to shortest) occurred as follows: FL tube + HL > FL tube + HL > MH > HPS = FL tube + FL bulb > FL tube + LED tube > LED tube > FL tube, indicating that reducing the R:FR ratio of the light sources promoted flowering. Only 20% of plants grown under an FL tube flowered, whereas under all other treatments, 100% of plants flowered. At 10 weeks after treatment, plants grown under HPS and MH had (cumulatively) 12 open flowers, and those grown under FL tube + FL bulb, LED tube, FL tube + LED tube, and HPS treatment had approximately seven flower buds. These results suggest that light sources with low R:FR ratios promote flowering and stem elongation in petunia, but they reduce its ornamental value due to overgrowth and poor branching.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.114-119
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• 2009

경북 영천시와 서울 여의도에서 미기록 귀화식물 2종을 발견하였다. 톱니대극으로 이름 붙인 Euphorbia dentata Michx.(대극과)는 경북 영천시 대창면 대창리 중부고속도로에서 확인되었으며, 동속식물인 포인세티아 (E. pulcherrima)와 비교하여 초본이면서 정상엽들이 한결같이 녹색인 특징으로 구별된다. 또한 왕관갈퀴나물로 이름 붙인 Securigera varia (L.) Lassen(콩과)는 서울 여의도 한강둔치에서 확인되었으며, Securigera속은 국내 미기록속이다. 형태적 유사종으로 묏황기속(Hedysarum L.) 식물에 비해 꽃이 담홍색이고 길이 5-10 cm의 꽃자루 끝에 20개 내외의 꽃이 산형으로 붙는 특징으로 구별된다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2021

Background: Asarum sieboldii Miq., a species of forest understory vegetation, is an herbaceous perennial belonging to the family Aristolochiaceae. The metapopulation of A. sieboldii is distributed sparsely and has a short seed dispersal distance by ants as their seed distributor. It is known that many flowers of A. sieboldii depend on self-fertilization. Because these characteristics can affect negatively in genetic structure, investigating habitat structure and assessment of genetic structure is needed. A total of 27 individuals in a valley were sampled for measuring genetic diversity, genetic distance, and genetic differentiation by RAPDPCR. Results: The habitat areas of A. sieboldii metapopulation were relatively small (3.78~33.60 m²) and population density was very low (five to seven individuals in 20×20 m quadrat). The habitat of A. sieboldii was a very shady (relative light intensity = 0.9%) and mature forest with a high evenness value (J = 0.81~0.99) and a low dominance value (D = 0.19~0.28). The total genetic diversity of A. sieboldii was quite high (h = 0.338, I = 0.506). A total of 33 band loci were observed in five selected primers, and 31 band loci (94%) were polymorphic. However, genetic differentiation along the valley was highly progressed (G_st = 0.548, N_m = 0.412). The average genetic distance between subpopulations was 0.387. The results of AMOVA showed 52.77% of variance occurs among populations, which is evidence of population structuring. Conclusions: It is expected that a small-scale founder effect had occurred, an individual spread far from the original subpopulation formed a new subpopulation. However, geographical distance between individuals would have been far and genetic flow occurred only within each subpopulation because of the low density of population. This made significant genetic distance between the original and new population by distance. Although genetic diversity of A. sieboldii metapopulation is not as low as concerned, the subpopulation of A. sieboldii can disappear by stochastic events due to small subpopulation size and low density of population. To prevent genetic isolation and to enhance the stable population size, conservative efforts such as increasing the size of each subpopulation or the connection between subpopulations are needed.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.166-171
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• 2021

본 연구는 국내 자생 긴산꼬리풀의 관상식물로서 활용을 위하여 적심 후 BA 엽면살포의 효과에 대해 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 긴산꼬리풀이 10 cm 정도 자랐을 때 적심 0, 1, 2 주 후 0, 500, 1000, 2000 mg/L의 BA를 엽면살포하여 식물의 생육과 개화 특성을 살펴보았다. 긴산꼬리풀의 분지 형성은 적심 1주 후 2000 mg/L를 처리하였을 시 가장 우수하게 나타났으며, 모든 처리구에서 왜성화 효과가 나타났다. 또한 첫 개화일수가 BA 처리구에서 지연되는 효과가 있었으며, 꽃의 길이와 화서의 길이가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구결과를 통하여 국내 긴산꼬리풀의 적심과 BA 엽면살포가 관상식물로써의 활용 능력을 증대시킬 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2015

Comparison of the standard and instruction for grade and quality of landscape plants between Korea and foreign countries indicates that the individual country characteristically develops and uses their own standards for landscape plants. Ultimate aim of these regulations is to develop the standard of landscape plants classified by kinds, types and purposes to improve the quality of landscape plants. This study analyzed the differences of standards and instructions for landscape plants between Korea and other countries such as Germany, Switzerland, America, Canada and Japan. Our results indicated that Korea and Japan used the diameter at 1.2m above from ground surface for the diameter at breast height(DBH) whereas Germany and Switzerland at 1.0m above from ground surface. In case of America and Canada, the standard of landscape plants included crown width, height and DBH of plants. In Germany, the standard for creeping plants and herbaceous flowers was determined by the type and the root size of plants with the standard of containers(seven to eleven types). This research would be helpful for developing the practical and environmentally suitable guideline for the grade and quality of landscape plants and also for developing the standardized distribution structures and cultivation techniques for landscape plants in Korea.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.51-51
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• 2022

Water dropwort (Oenanthe stolonifera DC.) is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows wild throughout Korea. As of 2020, 24,819 tons (51.7% of open field, 48.3% of facility) are produced in 1,278 ha (59.9% of open field, 40.1% of facility) nationwide. Water dropwort, which is rich in nutrients such as vitamins and iron, is mainly cultivated by vegetative propagation method using local traditional species, however, seed propagation and breeding of cultivars are insufficient so far. Since securing, propagating and continuous characterization of various genetic resources are required to breed new cultivars, this study was conducted to compare the main characteristics of domestic genetic resources and to improve their utilization. Growth characteristics such as plant height, fresh weight, plant type, and flowering date were investigated for the 89 varieties of genetic resources owned by Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services after vegetative propagation in the individual pots. Also, the morphological image information of leaves and flowers was constructed. Genetic resources were collected nationwide and originated in 30 regions including Hwaseong, Siheung and Jeju. Their plant types could be classified into straight, intermediate and creeping types according to their morphological characteristics, and at this time, the number of intermediate types accounted for the largest proportion. Flowering was carried out under high-temperature and long-day conditions in summer. According to the flowering date, they could be classified into early, middle and late flowering varieties, and at this time, the middle flowering varieties occupied the largest proportion. As a result of the investigation of vegetative growth characteristics, varieties with long plant height, heavy fresh weight and thick stem thickness were identified. Along with this result, it is thought that classification and selection of genetic resources for various purposes will be possible through additional investigations such as analysis of components and antioxidant activity. Moreover, it is judged that such results can be used as basic data for breeding new water dropwort cultivars in the future.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.134-145
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• 2023

Background: The flowering and fruiting periods play an important role in biological processes. The deciduous dipterocarp forest is an important forest type in Thailand, however the phenological studies are still limited, particularly in different plant life forms. Thus, the present study focused on the flowering and fruiting phenology of herbs, climbers, shrubs, and trees in the deciduous dipterocarp forest at Lampang province of Northern Thailand. Field visits were made to record plant life forms and observe reproductive phenological events at monthly intervals from November 2018 to October 2019 and September to December 2020. Results: The phenological observations were based on 126 species of 45 families and 102 genera. Flowering and fruiting periods showed similar patterns in herbaceous plants, climbers, and shrubs. Most of these species produced flowers and fruits from the end of the rainy season (October) to the winter season (November-January). Whereas most of flowering and fruiting trees were found from the summer season (March-April) to the beginning of the rainy season (May-June). Most of the dry-fruited species occurred during the dry period (winter and summer seasons), while the majority of fleshy-fruited species dominated in the wet period (rainy season). The statistical analysis supported the phenological patterns of flowering and fruiting in the present study. There were significant negative correlations between the number of flowering and fruiting species and temperature. The number of flowering and fruiting species is significantly impacted by the interaction between seasons and plant life forms. Conclusions: Plant life form seems to be the important factor that affects the different phenological patterns in the studied plants. The abiotic and biotic factors play major roles in reproductive phenology. However, long-term study and in-depth phenological observations are necessary for better understanding.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.137-148
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• 2017

본 연구는 바람직한 도시재생 방안으로서 지역 주민의 의견을 수렴 분석하고, 골목환경의 개선방안을 제시하고자 대구광역시 비산 2 3동 골목정원 조성지역의 주민을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과를 살펴보면, 골목정원 구성요소의 중요도 및 만족도 분석에서는 '조명시설 설치', '하수 및 쓰레기 처리', 'CCTV 설치' 등 안전하고 청결한 환경과 관련된 항목들이 높은 중요도 값을 가지며, '조명시설 설치', '초화류의 양', '초화류의 종류' 등 주거환경 개선사업의 시행과 골목정원 조성으로 개선된 항목들의 만족도가 높은 것으로 분석되었다. IPA 분석결과, '빈집 정비', '벤치, 파고라 등 휴게시설', '주민교류 공간', '공용주차장' 등의 항목들이 중요도는 높지만 만족도가 낮아 중점개선이 필요한 항목으로 나타났다. 다음으로 요인분석을 통해서 골목정원 구성요소들이 '안전 및 청결성', '녹음성', '미관정비', '교류 및 편의시설' 등 4개 요인으로 유형화되었다. 이를 토대로 4개 요인이 전체 만족도에 미치는 영향을 회귀분석한 결과, 4개의 요인 모두 전체 만족도에 유의미한 영향력을 가지며, '미관정비'와 '안전 및 청결성'이 각각 0.274, 0.235로 영향력이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 골목환경 개선을 위해서는 주민교류 공간 및 휴게시설 설치가 우선적으로 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 골목환경의 전체 만족도를 높이기 위해 조형물 설치, 벽화 그리기 등과 같은 활동에 주민 참여를 유도하고, 안전벨, 범죄예방, 환경설계 등의 도입과 골목미화 활동이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

본 연구는 충주시 10개 초등학교를 대상으로 식물 식재현황을 조사 분석하여 향후 초등학교의 건물과 토지이용에 따른 기능적이고, 생태적인 식물이용을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 수행하였으며, 얻어진 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 충주시 10개 초등학교에 식재되어 있는 식물은 목본류 89종, 초본류 108종, 기타식물 2종으로 총 199종이었다. 평균적으로 학교당 약 60종이 식재된 것으로 조사되었다. 식재된 목본류를 성상별로 보면 낙엽활엽교목이 40종으로 가장 많았고, 그 다음으로 낙엽활엽관목 18종, 상록침엽교목 15종 등의 순이었다. 상록수와 낙엽수의 비율(만경목, 기타 제외)을 수종별로 보면 상록수는 23개 수종으로 전체 수종의 27.7%이며, 낙엽수는 60개 수종에 72.3%를 나타내 각 초등학교의 식재 수종 패턴이 낙엽수에 편중되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 교목과 관목의 비율(만경목, 기타 제외)을 수종별로 보면 교목은 59개 수종으로 71.1%, 관목은 24개 수종으로 28.9%를 나타내 교목에 편중된 경향을 보였다. 조사된 구역별 식물 식재현황은 진입부 75종, 본관주변 83종, 정면부 63종, 측면부 128종, 후면부 95종이었다. 가장 많은 식물종이 식재된 구역은 측면부로 다양한 초본류와 목본류가 식재되어 있었으며, 정면부의 경우 가장 적은 식물종이 식재된 것으로 조사되었다. 각 학교의 교목과 교화를 조사한 결과 교목으로는 느티나무가 4개교, 은행나무가 3개교, 향나무, 주목, 소나무가 각각 1개교이며, 교화로는 목련(백목련 포함)이 6개교, 장미가 2개교, 모란과 개나리가 각각 1개교였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1319-1328
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• 2011

Rhododendron brachycarpum is a evergreen broad-leaved shrub and belongs to the Ericaceae family and the Rhododendron genus. It is well known for its beautiful leaves and flowers. There are 11 species of the Rhododendron genus in Korea. It includes 3 species - Rhododendron brachycarpum, Rhododendron aureum Georgi and Rhododendron brachycarpum var. roseum Koidz. They grow naturally over 1,000 meters above sea level of the Baekdu Mountain Range in Korea. These habitats, according to investigations of 9 Rhododendron brachycarpum natural habitats, are mostly located on the slope of mountains facing north at an altitude of 1,200 m to 1,526 m above sea level with angle of inclination from 30 degrees to 45 degrees. Based on the result of vegetation analysis of dominance species in the quadrates, there are Quercus aliena, Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb, Abies holophylla in species of upper trees, and so on. Dominant species of woody plants in tree layer are Quercus aliena, Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb, Abies holophylla, Betula platyphylla and Veeatrum patulum Loes. fil, Erythronium japonicum, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Paeonia japonica var. glabra Makino are founded in herbaceous plants. And we can see another result of the investigation that the flowering rates of the plants with the buds are highly ranked mountains such as Mt. Hambaek 68%, Mt. Gyebang 40%, Mt. Yagksu 9%, Mt. Gaein 7% and Mt. Seolag 0%. The results show that there are 24 over 15-year-old Rhododendron brachycarpums in Mt. Odae and are 56 under 15-year-old trees in Mt. Hambaek and are no trees in Mt. Gyebang and are 9 over 30-year-dead trees only in Mt. Taebaeg. Out of found trees, the highest tree is 7 m in height and 0.6 m in diameter. Also this result shows what are the vulnerability factors of the natural habitats. They are as follows: indiscriminate trails in mountains, damages by mountain climbers, uncareful plant collecting, the fierce competitions with other plants such as Acer pseudosieboldianum var. ishidoyanum Uyeki, Quercus aliena, Celastrus orbiculatus and damages by disease and insect, unusual temperature in natural habitats, etc. Rhododendron brachycarpums have high ornamental value and excellent pharmaceutical effect. But the areas of its habitats decrease dramatically. So we need measures to protect and their natural habitats. It is necessary that we conductfurther investigations to designate conservation area for Rhododendron brachycarpums.