• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.313-353
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• 2023

Objectives: Heart failure is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence rates despite advancements in medical technology. Korean medicine utilizes herbal prescriptions to treat heart failure, but little is known about the specific herbal medicines comprising the network of herbal prescriptions for heart failure. This study proposes a novel methodology that can efficiently develop prescriptions and facilitate experimental research on heart failure by utilizing existing databases. Methods: Herbal medicine prescriptions for heart failure were identified through a PubMed search and compiled into a Google Sheet database. NetMiner 4 was used for network analysis, and the individual networks were classified according to the herbal medicine classification system to identify trends. K-HERB NETWORK was utilized to derive related prescriptions. Results: Network analysis of heart failure prescriptions and herbal medicines using NetMiner 4 produced 16 individual networks. Uhwangcheongsim-won (牛黃淸心元), Gamiondam-tang (加味溫膽湯), Bangpungtongseong-san (防風通聖散), and Bunsimgi-eum (分心氣飮) were identified as prescriptions with high similarity in the entire network. A total of 16 individual networks utilized K-HERB NETWORK to present prescriptions that were most similar to existing prescriptions. The results provide 1) an indication of existing prescriptions with potential for use to treat heart failure and 2) a basis for developing new prescriptions for heart failure treatment. Conclusion: The proposed methodology presents an efficient approach to developing new heart failure prescriptions and facilitating experimental research. This study highlights the potential of network pharmacology methodology and its possible applications in other diseases. Further studies on network pharmacology methodology are recommended.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.122-132
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• 1999

Purpose : Hepatitis B virus DNA transfected cell line(HepG2.2.15) was cultured to evaluate the effect of herbs on the expression of HBeAg and the replication of HBV. HepG2.2.15 produces HBV particles as well as viral proteins into cell culture media. Methods : Extracts of herbs were adminitered to the cells on the proper concentration. Culture media was collected 48 hours after the herbal administration and HBeAg level in the media was examined by ELISA method. To confirm that the anti-viral effect was not due to direct cytotocixity of the extracts, normal cell proliferation was shown by cell counting. And as of the interference in protein synthesis of HepG2.2.15 by herb-extracts, we used the result of study that we performed before by ${\alpha}FP$ assay using EIA method. Results& Conclusion : Herb medicines like 地楡(Sanguisorbae Radix) and 覆盆子(Rubi Frusctus) showed significant inhibitory effect on HBeAg expression at p<0.01 and 五味子(Acanthopanacis Cortex) at p<0.05. Whereas, though some herbs such as ?草根(Rubiae Radix), 山査(Crataegii Fructus), 白芍藥(Paeoniae Radix Alba), and 大黃(Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) showed the tendecy to suppress HBeAg. most of them were not significant statistically. From the above, we could conclude that those herb medicines can be applied to patients effectively and further studies on effective fraction of some herbs are thought to be needed.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.110-123
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• 2001

1. Purpose This study is intended to catch the expasion of theory of Sasang Constitutional Medicine through Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Chopanbon with Sasang-Yihak-Chobonguen and Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Gapobon 2. Method I studied the archive of prescription and medicines concerned in the Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Chopanbon with Sasang-Yihak-Chobonguen and Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Gapobon 3. Result and conclusion 1. The principle which select the Sasang-in Prescription in Dongmuyugo is Hyung-Choei-Eik-Mi(馨臭液味) and Seung-Gang-Gae- Hap(升降開闔) 2. The same Medicine in Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Chopanbon and Sasang-Yihak-Chobonguen and Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Gapobon is 27 and this medicines are the principle medicine in the Taiyin Disease 3. The same Herb-Medication in the Sasang-Yihak-Chobonguen and Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Gapobon is 4 and the concept in the Sasang-Yihak-Chobonguen is succeded to Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Gapobon 4. The same Herb-Medication in the Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Gapobon and Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Chopanbon is 7 and the Change between the Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Gapobon and Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Chopanbon is the cognition between the Pyozeung(表證) and Lizeung(裏證) in the disease 5. There is no same Herb-Medication in that three books. This result can prove that the Dongyi-Soose-Bowon Chopanbon's New Herb-Medication(新定方) was made in the last stage of Sassng-Yihak

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.82-91
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate whitening effects and anti-wrinkle effects of a few 80% ethanol extracted herbal medicines. Methods : In the first study, a few 80% ethanol extracted herbal medicines were screened for their inhibitory activities against the tyrosinase. In the second study, a few 80% ethanol extracted herbal medicines were screened for their inhibitory activities against elastase. Results : 1. We showed 28%, 27% and 19% inhibitions of mushroom tyrosinase at 500 $\mu$g/ml concentration of ASR, AIF and ABR extracts and they were showed higher anti-tyrosinase activity than arbutin's. We also could observe that the decreased mushroom tyrosinase activities in RR, CML, LR, AGR and TH extracts. 2. RR, AF and ABR (final concentrstion 1 mg/ml) were appeared 60%, 98%, 83% of inhibitions of elastase activity, and they were showed higher anti-elastase activity than that of ursolic acid. We also could observe that the decreased elastase activities in AIF, AR, LR and CML extracts. Conclusions : These results suggest that ASR, AIF and ABR extracts contribute to the anti-melanin activities and represent potential sources of whitening agent, and RR, AF and ABR extracts contribute to the anti-elastase activities and represent potential sources of anti-wrinkle agent. These results suggest that some herbal medicines could be strong potential sources of inhibition about anti-aging and whitening effects for the skin.

• Journal of Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.27-33
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• 2008

Allergic rhinitis comes within snuffle in Chinese medicine. For generations, physicians have believed that the internal factors that cause this disease are pulmonary tuberculosis, splenic hypofunction and loss of virility, and its external factors are a cold, an uncommon atmosphere and an uncommon flavor. From the viewpoint of Chinese medicine, this symptom was fundamentally cured by "abidance by individuality, locality and seasons", on the basis of demonstration. In result, visceral function was recovered. In Chinese medicine, a disease is etiologically cured by the principles of Wholism and by discriminating among symptoms. In particular, "method for replenishing Qi and securing Exterior" has been widely used among the foregoing therapeutics. According to modern pharmacology, Astragli Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Ledebouriellae Radix all have antihistaminic effects and strengthen of the masticating and swallowing function of the recticuloendothelial system. This disease can be cured by controlling immunity and allergic reactions. Besides, it is necessary to take moderate exercise, to strengthen constitution, to avoid causative substances, to control ingesting flesh, meat and shrimps, to eat little, and to avoid what is cold and raw.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.53-64
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• 1998

The lastest date, increasing H. pylori infected gastric ulceration is indispensible with treatment of Herb medicines. Because the lesser side and the more cure rate are necessary on clinical treatment. Thus, recently herd medicines of Chinese medical treatment exhibit the method of prescription. Therefore, I think the various prescription will be applied to H. pylori infected gastric ulceration on foward.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.208-219
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• 2009

Object : Understanding the importance of the external treatment of nasal polyps and let know the necessity of development of the effect of herb medicine to use in these days. Method : I investigated about 12 oriental medical texts which recorded the external treatment of nasal polyps. I separated them to three part (prescription, herb medicine, the way of making the external application) and check the frequency. Also compared the external treatment of oriental medicine and western medicine. Result : 1. Prescription: There are 48 prescriptions -Nyosasan is used 4 cases, Gwajungsan is used 2 cases and others only 1 case each. 2. Herb-med: There are 67 herb medicines - Herba Asari(細辛) is used 15 cases, Pedicellus Melo (瓜蔕) is used 11 cases, Alunite(白礬) is used 10 cases, Realgar(雄黃)is used 9 cases. 3. The way of making the external application: obstructive method is used 19 cases, attaching method is used 9 cases, blowing method is used 8 cases, plaster method is used 7 cases, pouring method is used 3 cases. 4. The treatment takes about 1day to 15days and the soften nasal polyps like a water can be expect the positive prognosis. Conclusion: The external treatment is very important to treat nasal polyps. So we need to research more on eliminating the toxicity of the herb medicine and develop the convenient way of using the external treatment.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.27-31
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• 2005

1. Objectives This study is written to investigate the biblographical facts on the book ${\ulcorner}$ Geumge Bibang${\lrcorner}$(Secret Prescriptions of Sasang (Golden Box). 2. Methods The Biblographical study through chronological research of several books concerning Sasang Constitutional Medicine including ${\ulcorner}$Dongyisusebowon${\lrcorner}$,${\ulcorner}$Dongyisasangjintyoeuijeon${\lrcorner}$after Dr. Lee Je-Ma's death was accomplished. 3. Results and Conclusions There are so many herb medicines using just one herb drug not several herb drugs according to many diseases in this book. Accrording to the writer of this book, Lee Min- Bong, JUSt one herb drug to each disease was a useful way to treat that disease in a poor countryside life. There are 85 adult's diseases, 8 women's diseases, 47 children's disease, 11 smallpox's diseases and 30 grotesque diseases. This book of ${\ulcorner}$Geumgebibang${\lrcorner}$ was written by Lee Minbong not by Cheondeoksanin in 1935 and published in 1936 and it was the first book covering the herb drug and diets to treat diseases according to Sasang Constitutional Types. It was first found in this book that Sasang could be explained with Yin- Yang relationship and Sasang Constitutional Types could be explained with characters like dragon, cow, donkey and horse, and with classrncatibn of faces and behaviors.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.331-337
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• 2008

This study was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the recovery effects of herbal medicines on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. In the present study, the recovery effects of 251 herbal medicines on THLE-2 cells that had been damaged by acetaminophen were evaluated using an MTS assay. THLE-2 cells were cultured in 96-well plates and then pretreated with or without 60 ${\mu}M$ acetaminophen (${IC}_{50}$ value: 35.84) for 1 hr. Next, different herbal medicines were added to the wells, after which the cells were reincubated at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr. After first round of screening, the candidate herbal medicines were selected based on a recovery rate of greater than 40% and their efficacy were then determined by dose response kinetic analysis. Among these extracts, 8 herbal medicines (Terminalia chebula, Pueraria lobata, Acronychia laurifolia, Lopatherum gracile, Oroxylum indicum, Cynanchum atratum, Senecio scandens, and Sophora flavescens) had a strong recovery effect on acetaminophen-induced damage in THLE-2 cells. Dose response non-linear regression analysis demonstrated that Senecio scandens showed the best recovery rate (98%), and that its ${EC}_{50}$ was 19.54 ng/mL. Additional studies of these herbal medicines should be conducted to determine if they possess novel therapeutic agents for the prevention or treatment of liver disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.91-102
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• 2012

Metabolomics is the systematic identification and quantification of all metabolites in an organism or biological sample. NMR has been used as a major application tool in plant metabolomics such as quality control, chemotaxonomy, and analysis of genetically modified plants. Herbal medicines are the important therapeutics and are used to manage common diseases such as cold, inflammation, pain, heart diseases, liver cirrhosis, diabetes and central nerve system diseases. Herb plants include various kinds of species such as geranium, mint, and thyme and so on and contain different kinds of metabolites. We performed NMR-based metabolomics study on the seven different species of herb plants using $^1H$ NMR experiments and OPLS-DA to understand the correlation between the classification of herb plants and their metabolite contents. This study showed clear metabolic discrimination among various herb plants. This metabolmics study found several diagnostic NMR signals which are able to be used as bio-markers for identification of the specific herb plants among various species. Clear metabolic discrimination of herb plants suggests three chemotaxonomic groups of herb species.