• Title/Summary/Keyword: Hepatitis B surface antigen

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A Study on the Occurence Rate of HBsAg in a Dental School Population (치과대학생 및 전공 에 있어서 B형간염면항원의 발현빈도에 관한 연구)

  • 이건복;정성창
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.66-70
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    • 1982
  • Medical personnek are one of several groups that have been reported to have a high incidence of hepatiris B. It is also thought that the occurrence rate of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg), aserologic marker for hepatitis B virus(HBV), is expected to be high in the dental personnel who are frequently exposed to the blood and saliva of the patients. Although many studies have been done to determine the HBsAg status of virus groups, limited investigations have been performed on dental personnel, especially in this country. The main purpose of this study was to identify HBsAg positivity among dental students, interns, and residents who would be expected to be a high risk group of hepatitis B infection. Screening test for HBsAg of a dental school population was performed by indirect hemagglutination(IHA)in 1982. The results were as follows : 1. Thirty four out of a total 362 persons(9.4%)tested in the study had positive response for HBsAg in their serum samples. 2. Twenty seven out of 320 dental students(8.4%)had positive for HBsAg, and in Senior class 12 out of 82 dental students (14.6%)had positive response that was the highest incidence among dental students group. 3. Seven out of 42 interns and residents(16.7%)had positive for HBsAg, and it was the highest incidence in this dental school population.

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A Study on the Positive Rates of HBsAg and Anti-HBs from Old People's Home and Casual Ward in Daegu, Korea

  • Shin, Hyun Gyu
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.145-149
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    • 2011
  • Serum hepatitis is still recognized as a major public health problem in many countries. The most common etiologies are acute viral hepatitis A and B, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) was known as the pathogen of serum hepatitis. since the HBV causes chronic hepatitis. HBV infection is hyperendemic in Korea. It is known that 8% and 1% of the Korean population is chronic carriers of HBV. The total number of 487 serum specimen (old people's home 190, causal ward-Daegu hope village 297) were collected at the laboratory of Department of Clinical Pathology of Daegu medical center. The laboratory tested the specimen to detect for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HBs using reverse passive hemag-glutination (RPHA) and passive hemagglutination (PHA) method between April, 2011 and June, 2011. In one-step test, HBsAg and anti-HBs of Humasis were used. The positive rate for HBsAg was 6.80% (33/487), and the rate in male was 6.93% (19/274) higher than that of female 6.57% (14/213). In the positive rate of HBsAg by age group, the highest positive rate group was in the group of 40-49 years in male (12.0%), and 50-59 years in female (17.65 %). The overall positive rate for anti-HBs was 42.70% (208/487), showing the higher positive rate of 43.80% in male (120/274) than that of 41.30% (88/213) in female. The highest positive rate of anti-HBs in age group was the 40-49 years group in male (52.00%) and the group of under 29 in female (66.67%).

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Inhibitory Effects of Eugenia caryophyllate, Ephedra sinica and Cinnamomum cassia on the Replication of HBV in HepG2 2.2.15 Cells (정향, 마황, 계피의 간염 B형 바이러스 증식 억제 효과)

  • 강석연;김태균;박민수;한형미;정기경;강주혜;문애리;김승희
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.133-137
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    • 1999
  • This study was undertaken to test for anti-Hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity of the aqueous extracts prepared from Eugenia caryophyllate, Ephedra sinica, Cinnamomum cassia. Aqueous extracts were assayed for the inhibition of HBV replication by measurement of HBV DNA and surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in the extracellular medium of HePG2 2.2.15 cells. All extracts decreased the levels of extracellular HBV virion DNA at concentrations ranging from 128 to 256 $\mu$g/ml and inhibited the production of HBsAg dose-dependently. Our findings suggest that these three hebal medicinal plants may have potential to develop as specific anti-HBV drugs in the future.

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Evaluation of Rapid Immunochromatographic Assay Kit for HBsAg-Screening Using Whole Blood

  • Shin, Hyeong-Soon;Heo, Tae-Ryeon
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • v.5 no.5
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    • pp.362-365
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    • 2000
  • A rapid immunochromatographic assay kit using whole blood to screen hepatitis B surface antigen was developed and evaluated by using sera from 240 patients. The reference diagnosis was based on the results obtained with GENEDIA Anti-HBs Rapid kit which is very similar to the above kit except for the use of serum. The test demonstrated a good correlation with the reference immunochromatographic assay kit, that is, the sensitivity and the specificity of the kit was 100%, respectively. The rapid test kit using whole blood should be more convenient and useful for the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus because the kit does not need machines and time to prepare serum. In addition, this kit is safe from inadvertent infection during sample treatment because the blood is sterilized with hydrogen peroxide, eliminates the procedure required to prepare serum and reduces the possibility of exposure to infectious agents.

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A Study on the Trend of Hepatitis B Positive Prevalence Rate in a steel manufacturing company - Result on Surveys from 1998 to 2002 - (일 사업장 근로자의 B형간염 보균율의 변화 - 1998년부터 2002년 -)

  • Lee, Yeon-Sook;Han, Sang-Hwan;Kim, Yoeng-Sook;Seong, Nak-Jeong
    • Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.156-163
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    • 2003
  • The 5 year follow up study was conducted to assess the positive seroprevalence of HbsAg and magnitude of new cases in a steel manufacturing big scale workpalce. About 2,000 serum samples collected from 1998 to 2002 for hepatititis B surface antigen(HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg(anti-HBs), sAST, sALT, r-GTP, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were tested. The commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was utilized in serologic test of hepatititis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and antibody to HBsAg(anti-HBs). The preceived seroprevalence rates in the study were ranged 6.3~6.9%. The seroprevalences of HbsAg were 4.3~4.9% among the age of thirties, a significantly decreased seroprevalence compared with those among other age groups(in forties, 7.1~8.2%, and in fifties 7.1~7.6%). The positive seroprevalence of anti-HBs were 71.0~77.9%. A new case was not detected in the group.

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Screening of Some Plant Extracts for Inhibitory Activities on Hepatitis B Virus Replication (수종 생약재의 간염 B형 바이러스 증식 억제 활성 검색)

  • Kim, Tae-Gyun;Han, Hyung-Mee;Kang, Seog-Youn;Jung, Ki-Kyung;Kim, Seung-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.238-243
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    • 1999
  • This study was undertaken to test for anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity of the aqueous extracts prepared from 9 medicinal plants of Korea (Cornus officinalis, Caesalpinia sappan, Rubus coreanus, Lycium chinense, Artemisia capillaris, Isatis tinctoria, Phyllanthus urinaria, Lysimachia christinae, Lonicera japonica). Aqueous extracts were tested for cytotoxicity and assayed for inhibition of HBV replication by measurement of HBV DNA and surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in the extracellular medium f HepG2 2.2.15 cells. The extract from Rubus coreanus, Artemisia capillaris, Phyllanthus urinaria decreased the levels of extracellular HBV virion DNA at concentrations ranging from 128 to $256\;{\mu}g/ml$ and inhibited the production fo HBsAg dose-dependently without showing cytotoxicity. Our findings suggest that these three hebal medicinal plants may have potential to develop as specific anti-HBV drugs in the future.

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Effect of escherichia coli plasmid DNA sequences on plasmid replication in yeast (효모에서 plasmid의 복제에 대장균 plasmid DNA가 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • 김태국;최철용;노현모
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.16-20
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    • 1989
  • The effect of E. coli plasmid DNA sequences contained by chimeric vectors on plasmid replication was investigated. We constructed YRp7- or 2.$\mu$m circle-based plasmids containing E. coli plasmid DNA sequences and those not containing it. By examining their maintenance in yeast, we showed that plasmid without E. coli plasmid DNA sdquences was nore stable and presented higher copy number, and espressed higher level of hepatitis B viral surface antigen as a foreign gene. This result suggested that E. coli plasmid DNA sequences within chimeric plasmid somehow inhibited plasmid replication in yeast.

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Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B in Korean Children (학동기 아동에서 A형 및 B형 간염의 혈청학적 역학조사 -1998년 현재 서울 일부지역을 대상으로-)

  • Ko, Jae-Sung;Bae, Sun-Hwan;Chung, Ju-Young;Chung, June-Key;Seo, Jeong-Kee
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.40-45
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    • 1999
  • Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the seroepidemiology of hepatitis A and hepatitis B in Korean children. Methods: 801 children aged 6 to 12 years were enrolled. IgG antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), and IgG antibody to HBc (anti-HBc) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: Of the 801 children, the seroprevalence of anti-HAV was 0%. Three (0.4%) were seropositive for HBsAg. The seroprevalence of anti-HBs was 61.8%. Two (0.4%) of 495 anti-HBs positive subjects were positvie for anti-HBc. Of the 801 children, 658 (82.1%) had received hepatitis B vaccination. Conclusions: Since natural anti-HAV is not acquired in the childhood, the outbreak of hepatitis A is possible in adolescents and young adults. The decrease in seroprevalence of HBsAg and the increase in seroprevalence of anti-HBs might result from hepatitis B vaccination program in childhood.

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Detection of Hepatitis B Virus DNA in Liver Grafts Obtained from HBsAb and HBcAb Positive Organ Donors (HBsAb와 HBcAb가 양성인 장기 공여자의 간조직에서 Hepatitis B Virus DNA의 발현)

  • Jung, Chang-Woo;Jang, Joo-Young;Kim, Kyung-Mo;Lee, Sung-Gyu
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.166-172
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: It has recently been reported that de novo HBV infection following liver transplantation is caused by grafts from HBcAb positive donors, and this phenomenon has been observed in one third of the liver transplant patients in our center. Therefore, we investigated the presence of HBV virus DNA in liver tissues obtained from HBcAb positive donors to determine the mechanism by which de novo HBV infection occurs. Methods: This study was conducted on 6 patients that were HBsAg negative, HBsAb positive, and HBcAb positive who were donors for liver transplantation between November 1997 and November 1998 at Asan Medical Center. We isolated DNA from a portion of liver biopsy tissues that were obtained during the operation, and then identified the surface and core region of HBV DNA using nested PCR. In addition, four children who received liver grafts from these donors were monitored to determine if they became afflicted with non-HBV related diseases while receiving prophylaxis consisting of short-term HBIG treatment and long-term treatment with an antiviral agent. Results: The surface antigen region was identified in all 6 donors and the core antigen region was observed in 4 of the 6 donors. However, no episodes of de novo HBV infection with prophylaxis were observed. Conclusion: The results of this study support the results of previous studies, which indicated that HBV infection may be the main cause of de novo HBV infection in patients that receive HBsAb positive and HBcAb positive donor grafts.

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