• 생약학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.289-297
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• 2017

This study was performed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks administration of snail extract on free radical formation in old female rats (27 weeks). Rats administrated orally with snail extract at the dose of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, chondroitin sulfate 10 mg/kg and 0.9% saline (control) for 8 weeks. Hematologic profiles and hepatic enzymes were all normal. Results of analysis on snail extract were naicin, Na, protein, sugar, beta-carotene, vitamin (A, B1, B2, B6, C, E), folic acid, phosphorus, lipid, K, cholesterol, chondroitin. Hepatic lipid peroxidase content was decreased, aldehyde oxidase was decreased, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S transferase were not changed, but xanthine oxidase, catalase and superoxidase activities were significantly increased in snail extract fed group (p<0.001). Therefore, as the result of this study, it could be expected that the administration of snail extract for 8weeks is the potential to be use as a hepatic anti-oxidative agent.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.320-336
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• 1995

SANGNYANGHYOLTANG(SYT) is one of the most important prescription that has been used in oriental medicine for diabetes mellitus. The sudy was done in order to elucidate the anti-diabetic effect of SYT. After pretreatment of SYT(1,000mg／kg) for 6 weeks, the effect of of SYT was prevented on serum liver function test and hepatic lipid peroxide content in rats i.v. injected with streptozotocin(STZ, 50mg／kg, tail vein) 5 weeks after pretreatment of SYT. The hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 and aniline hydroxylase were significantly decreased, and aminopyrine N-demethylase activity was significantly increased in SYT-STZ group as compared with control group. Changes in aldehyde oxidase, xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, epoxide hydrolase, UDP-glucuronyltransferase and sulfotransferase activities were not significantly different in any of the group. The cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activity was significantly decreased in SYT-STZ group as compared with control group. The selenium-independent glutathione peroxidase was significantly increased in SYT-STZ group as compared with control group, but there was no significant difference in selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase in any of the groups. The hepatic glutathione concentration was significantly increased in SYT-STZ group as compared with control group, and ${\gamma}-glutamylcystein$ synthetase and glutathione reductase activities were not significantly different in any of the groups. The hepatic lipid peroxide content, serum aminotransferase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities were slightly decreased in significantly in SYT-STZ groups.

• 약학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.218-223
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• 2003

Effect of taurine treatment on metabolism of glutathione (GSH) was studied in adult male ICR mice. An acute injection of taurine (250 mg/kg, ip) resulted in a significant decline of hepatic GSH level at t = 6 hr, but plasma GSH level was not altered. The activity of GSH-related enzyme in liver, such as GSH peroxidase, GSSG reductase, GSH S-transferases, ${\gamma}$-glutamylcysteine synthetase or ${\gamma}$-glutamyltranspeptidase, was not affected by taurine at t = 2.5 or 6 hr. Plasma cysteine and cystine levels were elevated rapidly following taurine treatment. Hepatic cysteine level was decreased by taurine, reaching a level approximately 70％ of control at t = 4 and 6 hr. In conclusion, the results indicate that an acute dose of taurine decreases hepatic GSH level by reducing the availability of cysteine, an essential substrate for synthesis of this tripeptide in liver. It is also suggested that taurine may decrease the cysteine uptake by competing with this S-amino acid for a non-specific amino acid transporter.

• 환경생물
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.559-564
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• 2004

The effects of intra-peritoneal injection of inorganic mercury on haemato-logical parameters and hepatic oxidative stress enzyme activities were studied in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. The fish were injected thrice intra-peritoneally with mercuric chloride TEX>$(5,\;10mg\;Hg\;kg\;b.W.^{-1})$. After exposure of three different mercury concentrations a physiological stress response was exerted on C. carpio by causing changes in the blood status such as erythropenia in blood and oxidative stress in liver. Red blood cell counts, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit level were reduced in most cases by inorganic mercury. Remarkable low level of serum chloride, calcium and osmolality were also observed in the mercury- exposed fish. However, serum magnesium and phosphate were not altered by exposure to mercury. An increased activity of hepatic glutathione peroxidase was observed in the lowest treatment group of carp $(1mg\;Hg\;mg\;b.w.^{-1})$, hence, hepatic catalase and glutathione peroxidase of carp exposed to higher concentration of mercury $(5,\;10mg\;Hg\;kg\;b.W.^{-1})$ showed significant reduction in such activities.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2007

This study was designed to examine the effects of fractions of ethanol extract of Benincasa hispida (wax gourd) on hepatic antioxidative status in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were induced diabetes mellitus by STZ injection (45 mg/kg) into the tail vein and were divided into 5 groups: normal, STZ-control, three experimental diabetic groups. Fractions of ethanol extract of Benincasa hispida were administered orally into the diabetic rats for 14 days. Hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) activity (determined with H$_2$O$_2$ as substrate) was increased in the groups supplemented with chloroform (CHCl$_3$) and butanol (BuOH) fractions. Glutathione peroxidase (GR) activity in the liver cytosol of H$_2$O fraction groups was significantly lower than that of STZ-control group. The H$_{2}$O fraction supplemented group has been shown the notably decrease in the hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The hepatic cytosol catalase (CAT) activity was significant decreased by the supplementation with BuOH fraction. It was found from the results that the supplementation of BuOH and H$_2$O fractions of Benincasa hispida extract could be beneficial for the diabetic complications and damages from the lipid peroxidation.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.215-220
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• 2012

The effects of inorganic mercury on hematological parameters and hepatic oxidative stress enzyme activity were studied in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Fish were injected twice intraperitoneally with mercuric chloride (2, 4, or 8 mg Hg/kg BW). The major hematological findings were significant decreases in the red blood cell count, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin level in olive flounder exposed to 8 mg Hg/kg BW. Remarkably low levels of calcium and chloride, and reduced osmolality, were also observed at 8 mg Hg/kg BW. In hepatic tissue, significant increases in glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity were observed above 4 mg Hg/kg BW Inorganic mercury also increased glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase activity at 8 mg Hg/kg BW in hepatic tissue. The present findings suggest that exposure to a low concentration (${\geq}4$ mg Hg/kg BW) of inorganic mercury can cause significant changes in hematological and antioxidant parameters.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.901-906
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• 1999

체중증가량은 에탄올-갈근급여군에서 가장 낮게 나타났으며, 식이섭취량은 갈근급여군들이 대조군보다 감소하였다. 식이효율은 갈근단독급여군이 가장 높았고, 에탄올-갈근급여 군은 대조군과 차이를 보이지 않았다. Superoxide dismutase의 활성은 에탄올단독급여군이 가장 높았고, 에탄올-갈근급여군은 에탄올단독급여군보다 감소를 보였다. Catalase의 활성은 에탄올단독급여군에서 대조군보다 증가를 나타냈으며, 에탄올단근급여군에서는 에탄올 단독급여군보다 감소 경향을 보였다. 간조직의 glutathione peroxidase 활성은 에탄올단독급여군이 가장 높게 나타났으며, glutathione S-transferase의 활성은 갈근단독급여군이 가장 높았다. 간조직 중의 glutathion 함량은 에탄올 단독급여군이 가장 낮았고, 에탄올-갈근급여군은 에탄올단독급여군에 비해 높은 경향을 보였다. 간의 과산화지질 함량은 에탄올단독급여군이 가장 높았고, 에탄올 갈근급여군은 에탄올단독급여군에 비해 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 혈청 중의 ALT, AST의 활성은 에탄 옹단독급여군에서 가장 높게 나타났고, 에탄올 갈근급여군은 대조군과 비슷하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 에탄올 급여로 인해 생성된 free radical에 의해 야기되는 체내 과산화적 손상은 갈근추출물을 급여시킴으로써 경감시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.442-450
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 2-AAF injection time on hepatic lipid peroxide metabolism and cytochrome P450 content in Sprague-Dawley rats fed diets containing high amounts of vegetable oils or animal fats(15%, w/w). Fifty mg of 2-AAF/kg of body weight/day was injected in PEG 300 intraperitonially for 3 consecutive days after 4 or 8 weeks to rats fed corn oil(CO) or lard(LA) diet. The contents of lipid peroxide and cytochrome P450, and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-peroxidase) and glutathione S-transferase(GSH-S-transferase) were determined in hepatic microsomal or cytosolic fraction. Microsomal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) and cytochrome P450 contents increased in Co group injected 2-AAF after 4weeks. Cytosolic SOD activity increased in CO group injected 2-AAF after 4 weeks and in LA group injected 2-AAF after 4 or 8 weeks. Cytosolic GSH-S-transferase activity increased in LA group compared to CO group without 2-AAF injection. GSH-S-transferase activity increased in CO group injected 2-AAF after 4 or 8 weeks and in LA group injected 2-AAF after 4 weeks. Therefore, it may be suggested that 2-AAF injection increase the contents of lipid peroxide or cytochrome P450, and detoxifying enzyme activities in rats fed CO diet for short period and in rats fed LA diet for longer period.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.114-122
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• 1998

표고버섯의 열수 가용성 다당류(PS)와 간 장해물질이며 발암성을 갖는 butter yellow를 흰쥐의 식이에 6주간 투여하여 혈장과 간의 효소활성 및 과산화지질의 함량을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 혈장 중 GOT 활성은 better yellow 첨가군(BO군)보다 PS의 투여군(BP군 : BO+PS)이 비교적 낮은 수준을 나타내었으며 ${\gamma}$-GTP와 GPT 활성에서도 BO군에 비하여 BP군에서 유의하게 낮은 활성을 나타냈다. 2. 간장 중 glutathion peroxidase, catalase 및 lactate dephdregenase 활성 또한 기초식이군(NO군)에 PS를 토여한 군(NP군)은 NO군과 유의한 차이가 없었으나 BP군은 BO군에 비하여 유의하게 낮은 수준이었다. SOD활성은 각 군간에 유사한 수치로 유의적인 차리를 보이지 않았다. 3. 간장의 microsomal 분획분 및 cytosol 분획분 중의 glutathione S-transferase 활성도는 BP군이 BO군보다 유의하게 낮은 수준을 보였으나 better yellow를 첨가하지 않은 NO군에 비하여 상당히 높은 수준을 나타내었다. 4. 간장 내 glutathione과 malondialdehyde의 함량 또한 PS의 투여로 생성이 저하되는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 보아 표고버섯의 열수 추출물은 생체조직의 지질의 과산화를 방지하므로써 better yellow에 의한 간장장애의 치료 또는 독성을 완화하는 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.563-570
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• 2005

Tamoxifen citrate (TAM), is widely used for treatment of breast cancer. It showed a degree of hepatic carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the antioxidant capacity of green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract (GTE) against TAM-induced liver injury. A model of liver injury in female rats was done by intraperitoneal injection of TAM in a dose of $45\;mg\;Kg^{-1}\;day^{-1}$, i.p. for 7 successive days. GTE in the concentration of 1.5%, was orally administered 4 days prior and 14 days after TAM-intoxication as a sole source of drinking water. The antioxidant flavonoid; epicatechin (a component of green tea) was not detectable in liver and blood of rats in either normal control or TAM-intoxicated group, however, TAM intoxication resulted in a significant decrease of its level in liver homogenate of tamoxifen-intoxicated rats. The model of TAM-intoxication elicited significant declines in the antioxidant enzymes (glutathione-S-transferase,glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) and reduced glutathione concomitant with significant elevations transaminase) levels. The oral administration of 1.5% GTE to TAM-intoxicated rats, produced significant increments in the antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione concomitant with significant decrements in TBARS and liver transaminases levels. The data obtained from this study speculated that 1.5% GTE has the capacity to scavenge free radical and can protect against oxidative stress induced by TAM intoxication. Supplementation of GTE could be useful in alleviating tamoxifen-induced liver injury in rats.