• Title/Summary/Keyword: Hemolymph

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Purification and characterization of a 1,3-β-D-glucan recognition protein from Antheraea pernyi larve that is regulated after a specific immune challenge

  • Youlei, Ma;Jinghai, Zhang;Yuntao, Zhang;Jiaoshu, Lin;Tianyi, Wang;Chunfu, Wu;Rong, Zhang
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.46 no.5
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    • pp.264-269
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    • 2013

  • Pattern recognition receptors are known to participate in the activation of Prophenoloxidase system. In this study, a 1,3-${\beta}$-D-glucan recognition protein was detected for the first time in Antheraea pernyi larvae (Ap-${\beta}GRP$). Ap-${\beta}GRP$ was purified to 99.9% homogeneity from the hemolymph using traditional chromatographic methods. Ap-${\beta}GRP$ specifically bind 1,3-${\beta}$-D-glucan and yeast, but not E. coli or M. luteus. The 1,3-${\beta}$-D-glucan dependent phenoloxidase (PO) activity of the hemolymph inhibited by anti-Ap-${\beta}GRP$ antibody could be recovered by addition of purified Ap-${\beta}GRP$. These results demonstrate that Ap-${\beta}GRP$ acts as a biosensor of 1,3-${\beta}$-Dglucan to trigger the Prophenoloxidase system. A trace mount of 1,3-${\beta}$-D-glucan or Ap-${\beta}GRP$ alone was unable to trigger the proPO system, but they both did. Ap-${\beta}GRP$ was specifically degraded following the activation of proPO with 1,3-${\beta}$-Dglucan. These results indicate the variation in the amount of Ap-${\beta}GRP$ after specific immune challenge in A. pernyi hemolymph is an important regulation mechanism to immune response.

  • https://doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2013.46.5.222 인용 PDF KSCI KPUBS HTML

Exosome isolation from hemolymph of white-spotted flower chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis (Kolbe) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).

  • Lee, Seokhyun;Kwon, Kisang;Song, Myung-Ha;Park, Kwan-ho;Kwon, O-Yu;Choi, Ji-young
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.85-91
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    • 2016

  • Exosomes are homogenous vesicles of 40-100 nm diameter produced endogenously. Exosomes are generated by inward budding into multi-vesicular bodies (MVB) and then released to extracellular space. Exosomes contain various nucleic acid and protein cargoes from their cells of origin and this endosomal cellular molecules are used for intracellular communication and for both promotion and suppression of immune responses. Recently, they are also considered as delivery vehicle for therapeutic proteins due to their characteristics of stability in body fluids and ability for target uptake. Also, they show less immune reactivity because the isolated exosome harboring therapeutic proteins can be from the same host. White-spotted flower chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis is one of the major insect commercially reared in Korea. There are bacterial and fungal pathogens causing diseases in the beetle, and these diseases incur economic loss to the larva-rearing farms. Due to their endosomal cargoes, exosomes are good candidates in use of disease diagnosis. In this study, we isolated insect exosome from the hemolymph of P. brevitarsis, and verified it by analysis of the exosome-specific surface proteins and RNA.

  • https://doi.org/10.7852/ijie.2016.33.2.85 인용 PDF KSCI