• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.287-299
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• 1994

Plasma protein which has been known as one of nonspecific immunostimulators was added to feedstuff to examine its effect on the enhancement of cellular immune response in porcine immune system. A total of 40 piglets, 20 male and 20 female each, were fed for 30 days with or without plasma protein. The peripheral blood were collected and analyzed for the investigation of leukocyte subpopulations and their activities by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies specific to porcine leukocyte differentiation antigens and flow cytometry. The results obtained as follows. 1. Subpopulations expressing major histocompatibility complex(MHC) class I antigen were $96.2{\pm}3.1%$ and $86.6{\pm}3.8%$ in piglets fed with plasma protein and in piglets fed without plasma protein, respectively. 2. Proportion of leukocyte subpopulation expressing MHC class II antigens were significantly higher in the piglets fed with plasma protein than ones without plasma protein. The proportion was $27.6{\pm}3.6%$ and $16.6{\pm}2.2%$ in MHC class II DQ antigen, and $28.1{\pm}2.0%$ and $20.0{\pm}0.3%$ in MHC class II DR antigen, respectively. 3. A significant increase in the proportion of cells expressing poCD2 was not found in piglets fed plasma protein. 4. Proportion of subpopulation expressed porcine(Po) CD4 antigens which specific to helper T lymphocytes were not increased (18.3-19.1% vs. 25.6-28.8%), rather slightly decreased, in plasma protein-treated group. 5. The most important increase of proportion in plasma protein-treated group was the leukocyte subpopulation specific to $poCD8^+$ T cytotoxic/suppressor lymphocytes. The expression level was significantly higher up to 45.9-47.1% in plasma protein-treated group in comparing with 29.7-33.0% in non-plasma protein-treated group. 6. Lymphoblastogenetic responses using different concentrations of Con A mitogen and plasma protein has found that the responses of lymphocyte from piglets fed plasma protein was significantly activated (p<0.01). The activities measured by 3[H]-thymidine incorporation showed 3-6 times stronger in plasma protein-treated group than those in non-plasma protein-treated group. The study has concluded that plasma protein, which has known as a nonspecific immunostimulator, may have an immunoenhancing activities in porcine lymphoid system by increase the activated cell proportions and their blastogenetic properties which is critical to host immune responses.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of Kamibojoongikkitang (KBT) on the immune cells in C57BL/6 mice. Methods : KBT (500mg/kg) was administerd p.o. once a day for 7 days. Results : KBT decreased the cell viability of thymocytes in vivo and in vitro system and decreased the cell viability of splenocytes in vivo, but increased the viability of splenocytes in vitro system. In addition, KBT did not affect the population of helper T (Th) cells and cytotoxic T (Tc) cells in thymocytes and decreased the population of T- and B-lymphocytes and the population of Th and Tc cells in splenocytes. Furthermore, KBT did not affect the production of ${\gamma}%-interferon and interleukin-4 in splenocytes. KBT increased the production of nitric oxide in vivo but decreased the production of nitric oxide in vitro system. KBT enhanced the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages in vivo, but decreased the phagocytic activity in vitro. Conclusion : KBT has an inhibitory action on the specific immune response via decrease of the cell viability of thymocytes and splenocytes and has a potent action on the non-specific immunity via increase of phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.257-279
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• 2000

Allergic contact dermatitis is a common skin disease resulting from specific immunologic to topically applied various allergen. After Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) secondary sensitization, the ICR mice administered Rhemanniae radix extract (RRE) was observed to ascerstain the effect of RRE on allergic contact dermatitis. Purpose of this study was to investigate contact hypersensitivity assay, abdominal skin morphologic changes. Including mast cells and cell-surface glycoconjugates. The change of interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor (CD25R). ICAM in abdominal skin, lymph node of inguinal region, and electro microscope-morphologic changes of abdominal skin. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The contact hypersensitivity assay, the ear swelling in the RRE had lesser probability than in the ACD Group. 2. In the general morphologic change of skin, hyperplasia of keratinocytes, distribution of vasculogenesis and epidermal lymphocytes infiltration were decreased in the RRE group compared with the ACD group. In epidermal basal layer and prickle layer, cell damage was decreased in the RRE group compared with the group painted with ACD. 3. MasT-cell in dermis was decreased in the RRE group compared with the group painted with DNCB. 4. Distribution of interlukin-2 Receptior positive cell and ICAM positive cell in dermis was decreased in the RRE Group compared with the ACD group. 5. Distribution of helper T-lymphocyte and cytotoxic T-lymphocite in inguinal nodes was decreased in the RRE group, and was observed well in paracortical area and cortical cord. 6. Distribution of apoptotic cell was appeared in the RRE group compared with the ACD group, in skin, dermis. in inguinal nodes, paracortical area observed well. With above results, the restarint of immunosuppression occuring in Allergic contact dermatitis is resulted in the slow progress the effect of Allergic contact dermatitis, and it is thought that ithis fact has a series of relation with apoptosis.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.454-462
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• 1999

Corticosteroids have long been used for anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatoid and other purposes in hospital. These effects may be due to inhibit immune reaction. So the animal given corticosteroids was more susceptible to infection because of immunosuppressive effect of corticosteroids. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of prednisolone on the lymphocyte subset in the spleen, immunoglobulin in serum, spleen weight, thymus weight and total WBC in peripheral blood. Mice were randomized into 3 groups. Each group has 24 mice. The small dosage group were given by 4 mg/kg/day of prednisolone for 4 days and the large dosage group were given by 8 mg/kg/day respectively. Prednisolone was suspended in saline and orally administered. Mice in control group were given saline alone. Eight mice in each group were sacrificed every week after administration of predisolone. The weight of thymus and spleen were mesured immediately. Lymphocytes were taken from spleen and these cells were analysed by flow cytometry. Also the concentration of total immunoglobulins in serum were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). T cell, T-helper cell and T-cytotoxic cell were all significantly (P<0.05) decreased at 1 week after administration of predisolone and at 2 weeks they recovered similarly to that of control. Population of B cell showed various distribution. The concentration of total immunoglobulins in serum was not changed significantly. The weight ratio of spleen to body decreased significantly (P＜0.05) during predisolone administration but increased at 1 week later, Eventually the weight ratio was recovered to that of control at 2 weeks. The weight ratio of thymus to body decreased significantly (P<0.05) by prednisolone and recovered gradually up to normal ratio 2 weeks later.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2013

본 연구는 식용버섯, 특히 능이버섯이 면역조절기능제로서의 가치 여부를 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 본 연구를 위해 능이버섯 및 잎새버섯, 표고버섯이 사용되었다. 버섯 추출물을 투여한 생쥐의 혈장내 IgG1 및 IgG2a 수준을 측정하였고, 비장 단일 세포군을 이용하여 T 림프구 및 B 림프구의 in vitro 활성화 결과 생성된 $IFN{\gamma}$와 IL-4 수준을 각각 분석하였다. 실험 결과 능이버섯 추출물 500 mg/kg BW 투여군과 잎새버섯 추출물 500 mg/kg BW을 투여한 군에서 각각 $IFN{\gamma}$/IL-4의 비가 다른 군에 비해 높은 경향을 보였다. 또한 혈장 내 IgG2a/IgG1의 비가 능이버섯 추출물 투여군의 경우에 다른 군보다 높았다. 이는 능이버섯이 항암작용 및 항바이러스 작용과 같은 type-1 반응을 촉진할 가능성이 있으며, 그 효과가 이미 입증된 표고버섯이나 잎새버섯과 비교하여 식용버섯으로써 면역조절 기능 강화 측면에서 우수한 버섯이라 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2013

생리활성물질을 다량함유하고 있는 마늘의 발효산물인 흑마늘의 면역활성을 검증하기 위하여 C57BL6 마우스 비장세포를 이용하여 흑마늘이 비장세포의 활성화에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 흑마늘 추출물은 시판되는 남해 흑마늘 액기스를 농축하여 사용하였다. 그 결과 IL-2에서 흑마늘 추출물만 처리한 군에서 생성이 증가하였으며, LPS와 흑마늘 추출물을 함께 처리하였을 때 IL-2와 TNF-${\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$의 생성이 LPS만 처리한 군보다 증가하여 대식세포나 T림프구의 발현에 의해 일어나는 세포성 매개 면역을 활성화를 유도하는 Th1 세포의 발현을 활성화 하였다. 그리고 IL-6는 흑마늘 추출물만 처리하였을 때 후기생성이 증가하였으며, LPS와 흑마늘 추출물을 함께 처리한 경우 LPS만 처리한 군보다 IL-4와 IL-6의 생성이 증가하였다. IL-10은 LPS와 흑마늘 추출물을 함께 처리하였을 때 후기 생성이 감소하였는데, 이는 B 림프구의 활성화에 따른 항체생성 면역을 활성화하며 Th1 세포로부터 유도되는 세포성 면역반응을 억제함으로서 항체유도 체액성 면역반응으로 전환을 효과적으로 조절하는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 흑마늘 추출물은 마우스 비장세포에서 T 림프구의 활성화에 따른 Th1 세포와 Th2 세포가 활성화되어 면역계의 세포성 면역과 체액성 면역반응을 활성화하여 면역조절에 효과를 나타내는 것으로 사료된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.823-830
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• 1995

연구배경: 결핵감염시 세포매개성 면역반응이 관여하여 말초혈액내 조력 T 세포가 감소하는 것으로 알려저왔다. 그러나 말초혈액내 표지물질을 가진 세포의 수적 감소가 세포매개성 면연반응의 저하라고 할 수있지 여부가 앞으로 해결해야 될 문제인 것으로 지적되고 있다. 이에 저자들은 폐결핵 환자들의 말초혈액에서 활성화된, 또는 활성화 되고 있은 세포의 수적변화를 관찰하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 객담 결핵균 양성인 폐결핵 환자 22명을 대상으로 말초혈액에서 IL-2R, VLA-1, TLiSAI의 활성화 표지에 대한 단세포군 항체를 면역조직 화학법으로 측정하였다. 결과: 1) 폐결핵 환자의 말포혈액에서 $T_1$(+) 세포 및 그 아형들의 단위 부피당 절대수는 $T_4$(+) 세포는 유의하게 감소하였고 $T_8$(+) 세포는 증가하였다(p<0.05). 2) 폐결핵 환자에서 전체 T임파구의 비율은 감소되어 있으며 $T_4$(+) 세포, $T_8$(+) 세포비율은 각각 유의하게 감소, 증가하였다. 또한 $T_4(+)/T_8(+)$ 비율도 유의한 감소가 있었다(p<0.05). 3) 폐결핵 환자에서 activated T cell의 단위 부피당 절대수는 대조군에 비해 모두 유의한 증가를 보였다(p<0.05). 4) 폐결핵 환자에서 activated T cell 비율은, IL-2R, VLA-1, TLiSAI, 각각 6.45+1.56%, 7.64+1.34%, 10.45+1.16%로 모두 대조군에 비해 모두 유의한 증가를 보이며 특히 TLiSAI 항체가 가장 많이 관찰 되었다. 결론: 폐결핵 감염시 말초혈액 임파구의 일부만이 활성화되어 세포매개성 면역반응에 참여하는 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2010

Purpose: The present study was performed to clarify the relationship between periodontal disease severity and selected immunological parameters consisting of serum IgG titer against periodontopathogenic bacteria, the expression of the helper T-cell cytokine by gingival mononuclear cells, and patients' immunoreactivity to cross-reactive heat shock protein (HSP) epitope peptide from P. gingivalis HSP60. Methods: Twenty-five patients with moderate periodontitis had their gingival connective tissue harvested of gingival mononuclear cells during an open flap debridement procedure and peripheral blood was drawn by venipuncture to collect serum. The mean level of interproximal alveolar bone was calculated to be used as an index for periodontal disease severity for a given patient. Each of selected immunologic parameters was subject to statistical management to seek their correlations with the severity of periodontal disease. Results: A significant correlation could not be identified between serum IgG titers against specific bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and Streptococcus mutans) and the severity of periodontal disease. Expression of interleukin (IL)-10 by gingival mononuclear cells was statistically significant in the group of patients who had higher levels of alveolar bone height. However, a similar correlation could not be demonstrated in cases for IL-4 or interferon-$\gamma$. Patients' serum reactivity to cross-reactive epitope peptide showed a significant correlation with the amount of alveolar bone. Conclusions: It was concluded that expression of IL-10 by gingival mononuclear cells and patients' sero-reactivity to the cross-reactive HSP peptide of P. gingivalis HSP60 were significantly correlated with alveolar bone height.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.508-514
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 오리나무유래 HST의 T 세포 비활성화 효능을 확인하고 그 기전을 탐색하여 새로운 항아토피 천연소재로의 개발 가능성을 제시하고자 하였다. HST는 T 세포 mitogen으로서 anti-CD3 mAb가 처리 된 마우스 비장에서 Th 사이토카인(IL-2, IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10)의 발현을 효과적으로 억제하였으며, T 세포 early activation marker인 CD25 유전자 발현이 INCA-6에서 매우 효과적으로 억제되는 것으로 보아, NFAT inactivator-유사 NFAT 탈인산화 억제 기전을 가지는 것으로 예측되었다. 또한 세포주기조절 단백질인 p21과 p27의 유전자도 HST에 의해 upregulation이 되어 효과적인 T 세포 증식 및 분화를 억제할 것으로 생각되었다. 이러한 세포주기조절 효과는 AD를 악화시키는 세균인 S. aureus 성장억제 실험에서 확인되어 향후 항박테리아 효능을 갖는 우수한 항아토피피부염 천연소재로서 HST의 활용 가치가 높을 것으로 판단된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.241-250
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• 2002

연구배경 : 진폐증은 주로 분진흡입에 의해 폐실질에 섬유화를 일으키는 질환으로 만성염증에 의해 폐포내에 대식세포를 축적시키는 특정이 있으며, 크게 단순진폐증(SP)과 진행성 종괴성 폐섬유증(PMF)으로 구분된다. 본 연구의 목적은 진폐증 환자에서 질환의 심한 정도를 ILO 분류에 따라 SP, PMF로 구분한 후, 감염이나 기타 기저질환이 없는 상태에서 혈중 임파구 분획 및 싸이토카인의 농도를 비교한 것이다. 방 법 : 태백 중앙 병원과 영동 병원의 진폐증 환자 중 정밀 검사를 시행하기 위해 병원을 방문한 단순진폐증 환자와 입원 중이거나 정밀검사를 시행한 진행성 종괴성 폐섬유증 환자, 대조군을 대상으로 하였고, 대조군(C;10), 단순진폐증 (S;19), 진행성 종괴성 폐섬유증 (P;30명)에서 혈중 임파구 분획을, C(10), S(14), P(14명)에서 싸이토카인 (IFN-${\gamma}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-4))의 농도를 비교하고, 특히 흡연력이나 연령, 폐기능에 의해 변할 수 있는 싸이토카인의 변화를 동시에 고려하여 진폐증의 심한 정도와의 연관성을 관찰하였다. 결 과 : C, S, P 3 군간의 B-임파구, T, $T_H$, Ts, 및 NK-세포를 측정하였을 때 대조군과 단순진폐증환자 사이에서 T, $T_H$는 통계학적으로 의미있게 증가하였으며(P<.01) $T_H$는 두 군간에 의미있게 감소하였으나(P<.01), S, P 두 군 사이에는 특별한 변화가 없었다. 세 군 사이의 싸이토카인 분비 양상은 통계학적인 의의를 발견할 수 없었다. 결 론 : 혈청 임파구 분획은 C군과 비교하여 S군에서 T, $T_H$는 통계학적으로 의미 있게 증가하였으며 Ts는 감소하는 경향을 나타내어 진폐증의 진행 초기에 이들이 연관성이 있다고 추측되어진다.