• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 1998

목 적: H. pylori가 만성유문부 위염의 원인으로 밝혀지면서 십이지장궤양 환자의 90%이상에서 그 위점막에 H. pylori의 존재가 확인되어 H. pylori의 박멸이 십이지장궤양 치료 및 재발에 미치는 영향에 대해 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔고 여러 보고에서 H. pylori의 박멸로 십이지장궤양의 재발율이 현저히 감소한다고 하였다. 소아에서는 성인에 비해 궤양의 빈도가 낮고 내시경적 검사의 제약으로 인하여 이에 대한 관심이 상대적으로 적었으며 소아 십이지장궤양에 대한 연구는 현재까지 거의 없는 실정이다. 이에 저자들은 내시경으로 진단한 소아 십이지장궤양에서 고식적 궤양치료와 H. pylori 병행치료후의 궤양의 재발에 대해 비교 분석해 보고자 하였다. 방 법: 1987년 7월부터 1995년 8월까지 서울대학병원 어린이 병원에 내원하여 내시경검사상 십이지장궤양으로 진단받은 105명(남:여=78:27)을 대상으로, 고식적 치료(ranitidine+antacid)를 행한 군과, H. pylori 진단을 받은 경우 고식적 치료와 함께 amoxicillin(50 mg/kg) 2주, denol(8 mg/kg) 4주의 균박멸 치료를 병행한 군으로 나누어 궤양재발율에 대하여 비교 조사하여 보았다. H. pylori 양성은 내시경생검을 통한 CLO test, Giemsa 염색과 혈청 IgG 항체검사중 둘 이상이 양성이거나 생검조직의 균배양이 양성인 것으로 하였다. 결 과: 1) 91년 5월이후 진단받은 38명(남:여=30:8) 중 원발성 십이지장궤양은 30명(78.9%)이었으며 모두 H. pylori 검사가 시행되어 이중 27명이 양성으로 H. pylori의 감염율은 90.0%였다. 2) H. pylori 양성인 27명 환아에 대해 고식적 치료와 H. pylori 치료를 병행하였는데 추적내시경검사상 23명에서 궤양치유와 함께 균의 박멸이 확인되어 H. pylori 치료성공율은 85.2%였다. 3) 6주의 치료후 추적검사상 박멸에 실패한 3명은 강화요법으로 균의 소실이 확인되었고 이중 1명(33.3%)이 치료종료 2.4년후 재발하였다. 4) 십이지장궤양 환아의 치료후 추적관찰 1년이내 궤양의 재발율은 고식적 치료만을 시행한 경우 65.3%였고 H. pylori 치료를 병행한 경우는 4.3%였다. 결 론: 십이지장궤양 환아들의 대부분이 H. pylori의 감염이 있으며 H. pylori 양성인 소아 십이지장궤양에서 H. pylori 박멸 요법은 궤양 재발의 방지를 위하여 반드시 필요하다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.218-226
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• 2016

헬리코박터 파이로리균은 인간의 위에 감염하여 위염, 위궤양, 심지어 위암을 포함한 다양한 위장 질환의 발생시키는 원인으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 헬리코박터균의 제균을 위해 항생제 치료법이 이용되고 있지만 이러한 항생제들에 대한 헬리코박터균의 내성 증가가 전세계적인 문제로 대두되고 있다. 보고들에 따르면, 천연물질인 plumbagin은 항균 및 항암 효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 알려져있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 헬리코박터 표준균주(ATCC 49503)에 plumbagin을 처리한 후 항균효과를 확인하였으며, 세균의 성장 및 병원성과 관련된 다양한 물질들의 발현에 미치는 영향을 immunoblotting 및 RT-PCR 방법을 이용하여 조사하였다. plumbagin의 헬리코박터균 억제효과를 확인하기 위해 한천희석법과 액체배지희석법을 이용해 최소억제농도를 도출하였다. 위와 같은 Plumbagin에 의한 헬리코박터균의 억제기전을 이해하기 위하여 헬리코박터균에 plumbagin을 처리한 후 세균 의 증식과 관련된 물질들을 대상으로 RT-PCR을 수행한 결과 RNA polymerase subunit α (rpoA)의 mRNA 발현이 감소한 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 헬리코박터균에 plumbagin을 처리한 후 주요 병원성인자들의 발현을 조사한 결과 CagA와 VacA 독소들의 mRNA 및 단백질양이 감소한 것을 확인하였으며, 유레아제(ureA)와 부착단백(alpA)의 발현도 plumbagin 처리에 의해 감소한 것을확인하였다. 위와 같은 결과들을 토대로, plumbagin은 본 연구에서 밝힌 기전들을 통해 헬리코박터균의 성장, 감염 및 발병을 억제하는 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2024

Gastric cancer has been consistently decreasing worldwide, whereas cardia gastric cancer is on the rise. This indicates that the exposure rates to epidemiological causes are changing. In this study, we aim to review the risk factors for gastric cancer with respect to cardia and non-cardia types. One of the most significant risk factors for gastric cancer is Helicobacter pylori infection. H. pylori infection is known as a risk factor for non-cardia gastric cancer, and there have been results indicating that H. pylori infection is not associated with cardia gastric cancer. However, in the East Asian region, there is epidemiological evidence suggesting that H. pylori infection might be a risk factor for cardia gastric cancer. Smoking and alcohol consumption are known risk factors for gastric cancer, regardless of anatomical location. Obesity is considered a factor in the development of cardia gastric cancer. However, further research is needed to understand the specific relationship with non-cardia gastric cancer. The consumption of high-salt and processed meat is more distinctly associated with noncardia gastric cancer than in cardia gastric cancer. In addition to these factors, exposure to chemicals and radiation are considered risk factors for gastric cancer. Primary prevention of gastric cancer involves eliminating or avoiding risk factors such as H. pylori eradication and adopting a healthy lifestyle, including quitting smoking, reducing alcohol consumption, maintaining a healthy weight, and having a low-salt diet.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.409-416
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• 2006

Clarithromycin resistance in Helicobacter pylori is a principal cause of failure of eradication therapies, and its prevalence varies geographically. The IceA gene is a virulence factor associated with clinical outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine the current state of clarithromycin resistance prevalence, and to investigate the role of iceA genotypes in 87 Turkish adult patients (65 with functional dyspepsia and 22 with duodenal ulcer). A2143G and A2144G point mutations were tested by PCR-RFLP for clarithromycin resistance. Among the patients in the study, 28 patients were tested by agar dilution as well. Allelic variants of the iceA gene were identified by PCR. A total of 24 (27.6%) strains evidenced one of the mutations, either A2143G or A2144G. IceA1 was found to be positive in 28 of the strains (32.2 %), iceA2 was positive in 12 (13.8 %) and, both iceA1 and iceA2 were positive in 22 (25.3 %) strains. In conclusion, we discovered no relationships between iceA genotypes and functional dyspepsia or duodenal ulcer, nor between clarithromycin resistance and iceA genotypes. clarithromycin resistance appears to be more prevalent in Turkish patients.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.225-233
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• 2019

Purpose: Gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type (chief cell predominant type) (GA-FG-CCP) was first reported as a rare adenocarcinoma found in the normal fundic mucosa. Recent studies have proposed the possibility that GA-FG-CCPs were also generated in the atrophic mucosa after Helicobacter pylori (HP) eradication therapy. However, little is known on the endoscopic findings of GA-FG-CCP generated in the atrophic mucosa due to its extreme rarity. Materials and Methods: A total of 8 patients who underwent endoscopic submucosal resection and were diagnosed with GA-FG-CCP generated in the HP-uninfected mucosa (4 cases, HP-uninfected group) or HP-eradicated atrophic mucosa (4 cases, HP-eradicated group) were retrospectively analyzed, and their endoscopic findings, including magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (M-NBI), and pathological features were compared. Results: While GA-FG-CCPs in the 2 groups displayed similar macroscopic appearance, M-NBI demonstrated that characteristic microvessels (tapered microvessels like withered branches) were specifically identified in the HP-eradicated group. Pathological investigation revealed that a decreasing number of fundic glands and thinned foveolar epithelium covering tumor ducts were thought to lower the thickness of the covering layer over tumor ducts in the HP-eradicated group. Moreover, dilation of vessels just under the surface of the lesions contributed to the visualization of microvessels by M-NBI. Conclusions: The change in background mucosa due to HP infection influenced the thickness of the covering layer over the tumor ducts and M-NBI finding of GA-FG-CCP.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10565-10571
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• 2015

Gastric cancer incidence rates vary dramatically by world region with East Asia having the highest rate. The Asian population of the United States (US) is growing rapidly and over 17 million Americans are of Asian descent. A majority of Chinese, Korean and Vietnamese Americans are immigrants. Americans of East and Southeast Asian descent experience marked gastric cancer disparities and the incidence rate among Korean men in the US is over five times higher than the incidence rate among non-Hispanic white men. Randomized controlled trials have provided evidence for the effectiveness of helicobacter pylori identification and eradication in preventing gastric cancer. Additionally, Japan and South Korea have both experienced improvements in gastric cancer mortality following the implementation of programs to detect early stage gastric cancers. There are currently no clear US guidelines regarding the primary and secondary prevention of gastric cancer in high-risk immigrant populations. However, it is likely that a proportion of US physicians are already recommending gastric cancer screening for Asian patients and some Asian immigrants to the US may be completing screening for gastric cancer in their native countries. Surveys of US primary care physicians and Asian American communities should be conducted to assess current provider practices and patient uptake with respect to gastric cancer prevention and control. In the absence of clinical guidelines, US health care providers who serve high-risk Asian groups could consider a shared decision-making approach to helicobacter pylori identification and eradication, as well as gastric endoscopy.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.1136-1149
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to perform a meta analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that applied Opae-san to peptic ulcer. Methods: The databases NDSL, RISS, KISS, KISTI, Oasis, DBpia, Cochrane, EMBASE, Pubmed, and CNKI were searched to identify RCTs that evaluated the therapeutic response to Opae-san on peptic ulcer. The selected studies were assessed using Cochrane Group's risk of bias tool. Results: 12 RCTs were selected from a total of 312 identified. Combined therapies of Opae-san plus triple therapy were superior to only triple therapy in achieving the effective rate (risk ratio=1.26, 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.35, p<0.001, I2=0%), the helicobacter pylori eradication rate (risk ratio=1.23, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.34, p<0.001, I2=7%) and the recurrence rate (risk ratio=0.31, 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.82, p=0.02, I2=0%). But only Opae-san was not superior in achieving the effective rate compared to anti gastric secretion drugs. Conclusions: The current evidence suggests that combined therapies of Opae-san plus triple therapy yield a higher effective rate, and helicobacter pylori eradication rate and a lower recurrence rate. However, in most of these studies, it is difficult to evaluate the bias and therefore better designed studies are needed.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2014

Primary gastric lymphoma (PGL) is derived from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) and it differs from nodal lymphoma in histologic features and biologic behavior. Recent studies have showed that Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori ) infection is closely related to the development of low grade gastric lymphoma, and eradication of the infection induces regression of the tumor. H. pylori infection is known to be important to the development of gastric MALT lymphoma. The aim of this study was to elucidate the histopathological behavior of PGL according to the concept of MALT and to compare the predictive value of tests frequently used for diagnosis of H. pylori. The histological features of gastric lymphoma arising from MALT are the replacement of glands by uniform dense infiltration of centrocyte-like cells in the lamina propria and lymphoidepithelial lesion. H. pylori-associated histologic changes of neutrophilic infiltration, lymphoid follicle or aggregates formation and intestinal metaplasia, and H. pylori immunoreactivity were analyzed. Detection of H. pylori in chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcer suggests a possible role of H. pylori in the pathogenesis. Giemsa, Toluidine blue and Long H&E stains were used in H. pylori detection. Histopathological examination of gastric biopsy specimens revealed lymphoepithelial lesions pathognomonic of MALT lymphoma, and immunohistochemical staining for CD20 was diffusely positive. CD3 was positive in reactive T cells. PAX-5 was negative except the follicle. Bcl-2, cytokeratin, Ki-67, and c-myc were positive. The findings may indicate a predictable transition of low grade to high grade, and c-myc may be used as a valuable marker before molecular pathology diagnosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3549-3554
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• 2013

Background: It is generally accepted that gastric carcinomas are preceded by a sequential multistage process that includes chronic gastritis, gastric atrophy, usually with intestinal metaplasia (IM), and dysplasia. This series of changes in gastric carcinogenesis is often initiated by Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection. The aim of the present study was determination of gastric histopathologic changes in IM patients after at least one year in Guilan province, Iran. Materials and Methods: This case-series study was conducted in Guilan Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center (GLDRC) during 2010 to 2011. Gastric biopsy was performed for all 71 known cases of IM and precanceric lesions including gastric atrophy, IM, dysplasia and H pylori infection were determined after at least one year. Results: Of the total of 71 patients with established IM who were enrolled, 50 had complete-type IM and 21 had incomplete-type IM. Fifty two people had H pylori infection. H pylori eradication was achieved in 39 patients (75%). Secondary pathology findings of patients with IM were complete metaplasia (39.4%), incomplete metaplasia (32.4%), dysplasia (23.9%) and other precanceric lesions (4.2%). Dysplasia (20%vs 33%) occurred in patients who had complete and incomplete IM at baseline respectively (p>0.05). Age, gender, family history of gastric cancer(GC); smoking habits and NSAIDs use were not associated with gastric premalignant lesions in initial and secondary pathologies (p>0.05). The difference became statistically significant between H pylori infection in patients with more than 3 years diagnostic intervals (p<0.05). Statistical difference between eradicators and non-eradicators was not significant. Conclusions: We found that incomplete IM increased the risk of subsequent dysplasia in this study.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.79-92
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• 2003

1998년 3월 경상북도 경주시에 거주하는 30세 이상의 소화불량 증상이 있는 주민 중 내시경 검사를 통한 신속 요소분해 반응검사(CLO검사) 상 양성으로 확진된 사람에 대하여 H. pylori에 대한 3제 요법(tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate 600mg bid, amoxicillin 500mg qid, metronidazole 250mg qid 복합제제)을 실시하였다. 1년 후 요소호기검사에서 음성이었던 사람 87명 중 추적 가능하였던 86명을 대상으로 H. pylori에 대한 성공적인 제균 치료 1년 후(2000년 4월), 2년 6개월 후(2001년 10월)의 재감염률을 파악하고, 재감염과 관련된 요인을 분석하였다. 재감염을 판정하기 위하여 요소호기검사와 재감염 관련 요인을 파악하기 위하여 설문조사를 실시하였는데, 설문내용에는 위암 및 위궤양 등에 대한 가족력, 위장관계 관련 증상, 사회경제적 및 인구학적 특성, 투약 및 건강관련행위 등이 포함되었다. 2년 6개월 동안 추적조사가 완료된 77명을 대상으로 H. pylori 제균 후 1년 후의 재감염률은 15.6%였고, 2년 6개월 후의 요소호기검사에서 양성으로 판정 받은 대상자는 77명중 13명으로 재감염률은 16.9%였다. 연령, 성별, 사회경제적 특성, 교육수준, 가족력 등은 재감염과 관련성이 없었고, 요소호기검사에서 음성이라고 판정 받고 난 후 1년 간 연구 대상자 본인이 느끼는 주관적 소화불량 증상 중 '식후 포만감'이 있는 경우와 '상복부 팽만감' 증상여부는 재감염과 유의한 관련성이 있었다. 단변량분석에서 치료순응도와 음주가 유의한 변수였으며, 다중로지스틱회귀분석에서는 최근 1년 동안의 소화불량 증상 점수가 2-3점인 경우만이 교차비가 4.5로 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수였다. 식사 중 소금 섭취량이 많은 경우 교차비가 8.7이었지만 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 결론적으로 1년 재감염률은 15.6%, 2년 6개월 재감염률은 16.9%이었으며, 개인의 주관적인 소화불량 증상 호소 정도와 치료순응도는 지역사회에서 H. pylori 재감염을 예측할 수 있는 근거로써 H. pylori 감염에 대한 추적검사시 추적검사 대상자 선별을 위한 근거로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.