• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.117-130
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• 2018

As women wear shoes for a long time due to aesthetic elements and working environment, many women experience discomfort and deformation in their feet due to their shoes and the production of comfortable shoes is becoming an important issue. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the grip of shoes by foot type, shoe design, and wearing attitude of shoes. Through this, we suggest solutions for foot discomfort due to wearing shoes and help to prevent foot related diseases. The study results are as follows; first, a wide foot, square-type, and high or low arch (hollow foot or flat foot) among foot shapes influenced the fatigue and pain of feet, and big feet over 250mm-long, wide feet, square-type feet, and high-arch feet (hollow foot) had an influence on distortion and side effects. Second, among the characteristics of wearing shoes influencing foot discomfort, the higher the shoe heels were, the narrower the surface covering the feet was (pumps and mule), and the shoes with high front heels and narrow back heel area, the shoe wearer had a higher possibility of experiencing fatigue and pain and even had not only fatigue and pain but also side effects when she wore pointed shoes. Third, a shoe wearer experiences fatigue and pain if she wears shoes for a shorter period of time, stay stood while wearing shoes for a short time, and wears shoes that are bigger or smaller than the actual shoe size. Fourth, fatigue and pain experiencers and distortion and side effects experiencers all responded that they change into other shoes to deal with foot discomfort and that they directly massage their feet.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.85-89
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• 2021

Background : Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital medical condition characterized by complex vascular malformation. KTS consists of a classic triad of capillary malformation (hemangioma), venous malformations and bone or soft tissue hypertrophy causing limb asymmetry. The aim of this report is to describe management for gait disturbance and foot pain in a Patient with KTS using custom-made total contact insole. Case presentation : A 32-year-old man with KTS presented with a 3-year history of gait disturbance on hard surface due to right first toe pain and Achilles tendon tightness. The patient had soft tissue hypertrophy, varicose veins and port-wine stains over the right lower limb associated with KTS. True leg length discrepancy was 2 cm. We prescribed custom-made total contact insole to protect his deformed foot and correct leg length discrepancy. The insole of right side included wedge shaped heel lift and the insole of left side included full length lift to add extra support on unaffected side. Also, we provided compression stocking and physiotherapy including manual lymphatic drainage for lymphedema and stretching exercise for tightness in right lower extremity. At 3 years follow-up, postural alignment including pelvic obliquity was improved using a custom-made total contact insole. The degree of scoliosis and foot pain were also reduced. Conclusion : An individualized and multidisciplinary approach is essential regarding the complexity of comorbidities in patients with KTS. For patients with KTS, orthotic management should be considered to prevent and correct deformities related to KTS. Active orthotic management, compression stocking and physiotherapy can enhance the quality of life and function in patients.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.25-40
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• 1999

The hub of weight bearing in the human body for both static and dynamic activities is the lumbopelvic region. It is a key region of extraordinary stability, since the trunk and ground forces converage in this region. The two sacroiliac joints form an integral part of this lumbopelvic unit. Considerable effort has been expended to study and quantify the normal range of movement of the sacroiliac joints Mitchell suggests that the ilium rotates in a posterior direction at heel strike and progresses in an anterior direction as the individual passes through the stance phase. The overall key appears to lie in determining the weight-bearing pattern of the sacroiliac (lumbopelvic) region from above and below that results in the familiar pain of sacroiliac dysfunction, assessing the status of the injured tissues, and intervening with the proper treatment protocols that maximize the body's healing processes. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive overview of the sacroiliac joint's tissues and biomechanics, as well as concepts of evaluation and treatment. This overview is aimed at assisting the clinician in identifying the forces that are potentially destructive to the lumbopelvic tissues.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 2007

Purpose: We analyzed to find out prognostic factors in the conservative treatment for the plantar fasciitis. Materials and Methods: The data were collected from 145 patients, 159 feet (M:F = 51:108) with conservative treatment and analyzed for possible prognostic factors : sex, age of onset, the duration of symptom before treatment, pain score before treatment, the duration for symptom remission, medication period, calcaneal pitch angle, and presence of calcaneal spur. Results: The duration of symptom before conservative treatment is affected to the prognosis, and the borderline of the effective period was about 6 months. Conclusion: With the conservative treatment of the plantar fasciitis, we found that (1) the duration of symptom before the conservative treatment was a prognostic factor, and (2) if the period before the conservative treatment was more than 6 months, the other treatment option such as surgery should be considered for this chronic group.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.87-90
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• 2010

Enchondroma is a benign tumor mainly developed in the hand and uncommon in the foot. Even if it is in the foot, most are in the phalanges and distal metatarsals of the foot. Enchondroma in the calcaneus is very rare. A 44-year-old male suffered from left heel pain for several months, authors treated it with curettage and bone graft, it was histologically confirmed as an enchondroma in the calcaneus. The authors presented a rare case presentation of an enchondroma in the calcaneus with pain.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.261-268
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to qualitatively analyze pressure intensity and the center of pressure(COP) trajectory according to shoe type. Subjects were ten first-year female university students. The EMED-AT 25/D(Novel, Germany) was used to measure pressure intensity and COP trajectory. The COP Excursion Index(CPEI) was used for within subject test design. Independent variables were bare feet and six types of shoes. Dependent variables were center of pressure trajectory and pressure intensity. Barefeet and five toed shoes had a similar pressure intensity and COP trajectory. COP trajectory for all other shoe types showed a medial wobble at the heel. Pressure intensity for all other shoe types was related to the structure of the shoes. In conclusion, different shoe types can not only affect gait, but they can also influence foot deformities, pain, and dysfunction.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.65-68
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• 1999

Clinically, three holstein dairy cattle showed the inappetence and decrease of milk production with severe lameness and pain. Grossly, strawberry-like proliferation of the skin between the heel bulbs were observed 4${\times}$5${\times}$1.5cm in size. Histopathologically, severe hyperplasia of epidermis, parakeratotic hyperkeratosis and multifocal ulceration of cornified cell layer, acanthosis, spongiosis of prickle cell layer and irregular arrangement of basal cell layer were seen. And focally observed the lesions of necrotic vasculitis, infiltration of inflammatory cells, congestion and hemorrhage. Spirochete bacteria were found in necrotic and outer proliferated epidermal cells by Levaditi's silver stain. Clinical and pathological findings were consistent with dermatitis verrucosa.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.118-127
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• 2004

The foot and ankle are one of the most common sites for acute musculoskeletal injuries related to sports activity. Foot and ankle injury includes ligament injury, tendon injury, bone and osteochondral injury, nerve injuy, heel pain syndrome, phalangeal injury. This is a article about nonoperative management of foot and ankle injury. Therefore, this article includes various exercise technique, range of motion, stretching for muscle relaxation, proprioception training for rehabilitation. We recommend that orthopedic surgeon should discuss with patient and specialist for treatment plan after foot and ankle injury

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.155-176
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• 2005

There is some evidence that one of major factors to produce plantar fasciitis depends on the magnitude of the foot arch strain. The orthotics that can reduce the foot arch strain during locomotion may be effective to prevent or treat plantar fasciitis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of control condition and three types of foot orthotics on 3-dimensional foot arch strain that can produce plantar fasciitis during treadmill level and uphill walking and running. Sixteen male subjects are recruited and the arch length and height strain according to three types of foot orthotics with respect to control condition were measured by using two digital video cameras. The first hypothesis which the comfort of foot orthotics would be increased from arch pad, half length orthotics to full length orthotics was mostly accepted. It suggested that the types of the foot orthotics could be properly prescribed according foot regions that is pain or abnormal. The second hypothesis which the foot arch strain can be reduced by foot orthotics during level heel-toe walking and running and the third hypothesis which the foot arch strain can be reduced by foot orthotics during uphill heel-toe walking and running were rejected. The foot arch length and height strain during walking and running showed small and subject-specific characteristics and could not be optimal biomechanical variable to prove the overall comfort. The forth hypothesis which the foot arch strain cannot be reduced by foot orthotics during uphill toe walking and running was accepted. With the foot arch length and height strain during uphill toe walking and running the windlass mechanism suggested by Hicks can be explained successfully and excessive uphill toe walking and running can be one of cause of plantar fasciitis. The dynamic investigation on the foot arch such as walking and running should be carefully observed with integrated insights considering ligaments and foot bones as well as plantar fascia, extrinsic muscles and tendons, and intrinsic muscles and tendons.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to report the result of endoscopic assisted curettage and bone graft for the treatment of simple bone cyst in the calcaneus. Materials and Methods: Three cases in three patients who had curettage and bone graft of simple bone cyst in the calcaneus under endoscopic view were prospectively reviewed. A minimum follow-up of 1 year was required for entrance into the study. The results of treatment were clinically and radiologically assessed. Results: One case with preoperative heel pain gained complete relief of the pain at postoperative four weeks. All three cases had radiological union of grafted bone at an average of thirteen weeks after the operation. Shortened hospitalization and decreased postoperative pain were remarkable. Complications such as infection, skin necrosis, nerve injury, and, fracture were not seen. There was no evidence of the recurrence of the cyst in all three cases. Conclusion: Endoscopic assisted curettage and bone graft of simple bone cyst in the calcaneus is thought as an effective alternative procedure avoiding the possible complications of the classic method.