• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 2008

Eleven accessions of Hedera helix, three accessions of Hedera rhombea, one accession of Fatshedera lizei, and one accession of Fatsia japonica were collected and their genetic diversity was measured by using 10 RAPD primers. Approximately ninety seven percentage of polymorphism was detected, because broad germplasm, three genus, was used. Total 97 bands were scored and a dendrogram was constructed by using an UPGMA method. Accessions belonging to Hedera helix tightly clustered in one group: eight accessions showed extremely narrow genetic differences and the other three accessions also showed significant similarity. Despite of their genetic similarity, they showed morphological variations. The morphological variation with a narrow genetic differences indicated that the ivy cultivars have been indeed developed from a mutation breeding program. Genetically most unrelated Fatsia japonica showed a genetic distance of 0.63 on the average between other species. An accession from Fatshedera lizei developed by crossing between two genus, Hedera helix and Fatsia japonica, was allocated together with accessions from Hedera rhombea.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.325-334
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• 2016

We projected the distribution of Hedera rhombea, an evergreen broad-leaved climbing plant, under current climate conditions and predicted its future distributions under global warming. Inaddition, weexplained model uncertainty by employing 9 single Species Distribution model (SDM)s to model the distribution of Hedera rhombea. 9 single SDMs were constructed with 736 presence/absence data and 3 temperature and 3 precipitation data. Uncertainty of each SDM was assessed with TSS (Ture Skill Statistics) and AUC (the Area under the curve) value of ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analyses. To reduce model uncertainty, we combined 9 single SDMs weighted by TSS and resulted in an ensemble forecast, a TSS weighted ensemble. We predicted future distributions of Hedera rhombea under future climate conditions for the period of 2050 (2040~2060), which were estimated with HadGEM2-AO. RF (Random Forest), GBM (Generalized Boosted Model) and TSS weighted ensemble model showed higher prediction accuracies (AUC > 0.95, TSS > 0.80) than other SDMs. Based on the projections of TSS weighted ensemble, potential habitats under current climate conditions showed a discrepancy with actual habitats, especially in the northern distribution limit. The observed northern boundary of Hedera rhombea is Ulsan in the eastern Korean Peninsula, but the projected limit was eastern coast of Gangwon province. Geomorphological conditions and the dispersal limitations mediated by birds, the lack of bird habitats at eastern coast of Gangwon Province, account for such discrepancy. In general, potential habitats of Hedera rhombea expanded under future climate conditions, but the extent of expansions depend on RCP scenarios. Potential Habitat of Hedera rhombea expanded into Jeolla-inland area under RCP 4.5, and into Chungnam and Wonsan under RCP 8.5. Our results would be fundamental information for understanding the potential effects of climate change on the distribution of Hedera rhombea.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.245-250
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• 1995

The carbon tetrachloride($CCl_4$) has been demonstrated to have a hepatotoxic effect in human or many other species. To investigate the enzyme induction of mixed function oxygenases in liver of male Sprague-Dawley rats a single 0.1, 0.5 mι/kg dose of carbon tetrachloride were given. At 24 hr after a single dose of 0.1 mι CC1$_4$/kg weight, methanol extract of Hedera rhombea leaves was administered with 100, 500 mg/kg weight. Assays of 7-ethoxyresorufin-Ο-deethylation(EROD),7-benzyloxyresorufin-Ο-deathylation(BROD),4-nitro-phenol-UDP-glucuronosyltransferase(UDPGT), Western blot and RNA slot blot were used as representatives of the activities of cytochrome P-450 enzymes. The change of the activity of CYP1A1 form measured by EROD assay and Western analysis using 1-7-1 monoclonal antibody was not observed. The activity CYP2B1 form by BROD assay and using 2-66-3 monoclonal antibody was remarkably increased. Elevated level of CYP2B1 mRNA was shown by slot hybridization with 2B1-specific probe. Administration of methanol extract of Hedera rhombea leaves reversed the enzyme activity and the level of mRNA, which suggest the chemoprotective effect of methanol extracts of Hedera rhombea leaves to carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxlcity.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 1992

The analgesic, anticonvulsant and anti-inflammatory actives of leaves of Hedera rhombea Bean were evaluated. The methanol and butanol fractions showed considerable analgesic activity, but no anticonvulsant activities. Anti-inflammatory activity was found in the methanol, butanol and ether fractions by carrageenin induced edema test.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.21 no.1_4
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• pp.39-44
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• 1978

Acid phosphatase activities were analyzed in $\mu\textrm{g}$ tissue samples from an angiosperm parasite (Cuscuta cephalanthi) and its host plant (Hedera helix) by a fluorometric microtechnique. The apex and the coiling portion of the parasite axis exhibited greater enzyme activies than other portions of the hypha. Acid phosphatase activity in the haustorium was 2-3 times that in the hyphal axis. The vascular bundles of the normal host exhibited the greatest enzyme activity. The acid phosphatase activity in the host infected by the parasite decreased to the activity level of the haustorium.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.331-335
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• 1993

Three phenolic compounds and a dammarane glycoside were isolated from the leaves of Hedera rhombea Bean (Araliaceae). Their structures were characterized as rutin, caffeic acid, 3.5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid and kizuta saponin $K_5$ by chemical and spectral analysis.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.257-268
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• 2024

This study investigated the growth characteristics of Euonymus japonicus, Hedera helix, and Peperomia puteolata treated with different calcium chloride (CaCl₂) concentrations to evaluate salt tolerance limits in hydroculture cultivation. Six concentrations of CaCl₂ (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 g·L^-1 referred to as Cont., C1, C2, C5, C10, and C15) were applied to solution - grown plant species. The survival rate, growth index, plant height, plant width, leaf width, leaf length, number of leaves, and relative chlorophyll contents were measured at monthly intervals. Euonymus japonicus, Hedera helix, and Peperomia puteolata survived up to C2, C5, and C10 at each CaCl₂ concentration. The Euonymus japonicus was higher in the C1 treatment than in the Cont. for most growth characteristics. Hedera helix had the highest leaf width, leaf length, and number of leaves in the Cont., a significant difference was observed compared with the C1 treatment. The chlorophyll content did not differ significantly between the C5 and Cont. treatments. The leaf width and length of Peperomia puteolata were greater in the C2 and C1 treatments than in the Cont., whereas the number of leaves and chlorophyll content were the highest in C5. Dry weight analysis revealed that Euonymus japonicus, Hedera helix, and Peperomia puteolata were the lowest in the Cont. treatments. Euonymus japonicus was 74% in C15, and Hedera helix, and Peperomia puteolata were analyzed at approximately 37%- 50% and 9%-14%, respectively, regardless of the concentration in the CaCl₂ treatment groups. In indoor hydroponic cultivation, the salt tolerance limit concentrations of Euonymus japonicus, Hedera helix, and Peperomia puteolata are 2, 5, and 10 g·L^-1, respectively, indicating that hydroculture management techniques should be applied at higher concentrations.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2014

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the predominant cause of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). The antiviral activity of hederasaponin B from Hedera helix against EV71 subgenotypes C3 and C4a was evaluated in vero cells. In the current study, the antiviral activity of hederasaponin B against EV71 C3 and C4a was determined by cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction method and western blot assay. Our results demonstrated that hederasaponin B and 30% ethanol extract of Hedera helix containing hederasaponin B showed significant antiviral activity against EV71 subgenotypes C3 and C4a by reducing the formation of a visible CPE. Hederasaponin B also inhibited the viral VP2 protein expression, suggesting the inhibition of viral capsid protein synthesis.These results suggest that hederasaponin B and Hedera helix extract containing hederasaponin B can be novel drug candidates with broad-spectrum antiviral activity against various subgenotypes of EV71.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2008

This research was performed to activate various new technology for indoor container, and attempt to a desirable planting environment of indoor plant by verify effect that indoor container slit ventilation system gets in growth and root activation of Korea Native Plants. Main result is as following. 1. Davallia mariesii, typical epiphyte fern, was appeared that growth of top and root activation was helped by slit ventilation system in indoor container and were very positive in rhizome development specially. 2. Hedera rhombea was helped growth of top by slit ventilation system, and specially, effect of plant height and number of shoot. Also, this slit system was positive in root activation. So, this indoor container appeared by thing which is very desirable in climbing plants as well as epiphyte plants. According to result that see effect getting in growth and root activation of Davallia mariesii and Hedera rhombea for indoor container slit ventilation system, Growth of top was different in plant but root activation was developed.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.191-193
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• 1997

A new nortriterpene, rhombenone (1) was isolated from the leaves of Hedera rhombea Bean (Araliaceae). The structure of this compound was established as 27-demethyl-20(S)-dammar-23-ene-$6{\alpha}$, 20-diol-3, 25-dione on the basis of spectral analysis including HMQC and HMBC techniques. Rhombenone (1) was the first 27-demethyl nortriterpene of dammarane type isolated from natural sources.