• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.321-329
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• 2018

본 연구는 화장용 문신으로 사용되는 염료 및 색소의 대표적인 중금속과 기타 금속류 분석을 통하여 염료 및 색소에 관한 정확한 정보 제공 및 생산에 대한 적절한 지침과 통제의 기준을 확립하는데 자료를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 화장용 문신 제품 30개를 대상으로 화장용 문신 염료 기준에 해당하는 대표적인 중금속인 비소, 안티몬, 코발트, 카드뮴, 구리, 납, 아연, 바륨, 주석, 셀레늄, 크롬과 마그네슘, 망간, 티타늄, 알루미늄에 대한 성분 함유량 검출(15종)을 분석하였다. 화장용 문신 제품에 사용되는 염료 및 색소의 중금속류 성분의 함유량을 검사한 결과, 총20개 제품(66.7%)에서 기준치를 초과하는 중금속이 검출되어 안전기준에 부적합한 것으로 나타났다. 안전한 시술을 위한 전문기관의 지침과 사용되어지는 염료 및 색소에 대한 적절한 통제관리 및 표준지침, 중금속의 잠재적인 위험성에 대한 연구가 필요하다고 제시된다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2015

X선 흡수분광법(X-ray absorption spectroscopy, XAS)을 이용하는 X선 흡수미세구조(X-ray absorption fine structure, XAFS)의 분석은 다양한 학문분야에서 적용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 XAFS 분석을 위한 토양 시료의 준비에서부터 XAFS 측정 후 X선 흡수 끝머리 부근 미세구조(X-ray absorption near edge structure, XANES) 및 광범위 X선 흡수 미세구조(extended Xray absorption fine structure, EXAFS) 데이터를 추출하여 연구에 활용하는 것에 대해 간략하게 소개하였다. 특히 토양환경 분야에서 XANES 및 EXAFS 분석을 활용한 선행연구들에 대해 비소(As) 및 중금속 주요 원소(Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn)별로 그 내용을 정리하였다. 토양환경 분야에서 XAFS의 응용은 납(Pb)의 화학종 규명에 관한 연구가 가장 많은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 함께 대부분의 연구들은 오염토양 내 중금속 화학종의 규명을 통해 중금속의 유입 원인 등에 대해 기술하고 있으며, 이를 정화하기 위한 다양한 방법들(개량제 처리, 식물정화)을 적용한 후, 안정화된 중금속 화학종을 XANES 및 EXAFS 분석을 통해 규명하여 정화 방법들의 효율성과 안정성에 대해 보고하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.565-574
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• 2011

This study analyzed the concentration of the heavy metals(Cd, Hg, iAs) of urine(n=576) from May, 2007 to Oct 2007. The subject was residents in G, Y, H industrial area, Jeollanam-do, in which exposure due to the adjacency of the industrial complex. As to the heavy metal concentration in the urine of the residents in the whole exposed region and the comparing region, the content of cadmium, mercury, and inorganic arsenic in the exposed region group were 1.23, 1.85, and 8.80 ${\mu}g$/g_ct respectively, and those of the comparing region group were 1.87, 2.00, and 8.93 ${\mu}g$/g_ct respectively, which indicates that the concentration of the comparing group was higher than that of the exposed group. The heavy metal concentration for each age group increased in proportion to age except those under 10 for some substances(p<0.01). As to geometric mean concentration cadmium and inorganic arsenic in urine according to the smoking history of the subject, the concentration of the smoking group and the non-smoking group were 1.65 ${\mu}g$/g_ct and 9.13 ${\mu}g$/g_ct respectively, while those of the non-smoking group were 1.47 ${\mu}g$/g_ct and 8.91 ${\mu}g$/g_ct respectively, which indicates that the former is higher than the latter. As to the inorganic arsenic concentration in urine according to the food preference, in order of vegetable, fish, and meat showed high concentration (p<0.01). To clarify the factors affecting the heavy metal concentration in urine among the subjects, the multiple regression analysis was conducted. As a result, it turned out that as to cadmium content in urine, gender, age, drinking, and smoking have influence on the subjects, with explanatory adequacy of 37.5 %.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2010

폐광산 주변의 토양 중금속 오염과 이 지역의 식생조사를 실시한 결과 As의 오염이 가장 심각하게 나타났다. 조사된 광산에서 모두 나타난 초종은 달맞이꽃, 닭의장풀, 며느리밑씻게, 개망초, 망초 등 5개 초종이며, 이들은 식생천이의 초기종으로, 중요치(important value)는 달맞이꽃이 가장 높았다. 달성광산은 종풍부도 및 종다양성이 가장 높았으며, 오염의 정도와는 별개로 작토층이 잘 발달한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 조사 지점 사이의 리차가 큼에도 불구하고 군집유사도는 비교적 높은 것으로 밝혀졌으며 이는 교란에 의한 천이 초기종들의 우점이 강하기 때문으로 생각된다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.209-218
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• 2005

To find a suitable metal component in oxygen carrier particles for chemical-looping hydrogen generation system(CLH), oxygen transfer capacities of metal components were compared and Ni has been selected as the best metal component. The proper operating conditions to achieve high hydrogen generation rate have been investigated based on the chemical-equilibrium composition analysis for water splitting reactor. Moreover, suitable compositions of syngas from gasifier of heavy residue to achieve high energy efficiency have been investigated by calculation of heat of reaction. Based on the selected operating conditions, the best configuration of two interconnected fluidized beds system for the chemical-looping hydrogen generator has been investigated as well.

• 천문학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.45-62
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• 1980

Defining a metal parameter $(Sp)_c$, which is related to the morphological parameters of C-M diagrams, we have estimated metal abundances for 97 globular clusters in our Galaxy. A correlation between absolute magnitude of the horizontal branch and metal abundance is derived, which is used for the determining distances to globular clusters whose visual magnitudes of the horizontal branch are known. The space distribution of globular clusters and the chemical evolution of the halo are examined. Our analysis suggests an initial mean gradient of metallicity to be d[Fe/H]/$dr_G$ = -0.06 $kpc^{-1}$ for the halo in galactocentric distance, $r_G$<20 kpc. Our findings also imply a slow collapse of protogalaxy.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.218-222
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• 1998

Removal of Cd(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅱ) from aqueous solutions using the adsorption process on magadiite has been investigated. It was found that the removal percentage of metal cations at equilibrium increases with increasing temperature, and follows the order of Cd(Ⅱ) > Cu(Ⅱ) > Zn(Ⅱ). Equilibrium modeling of adsorption showed that the adsorptions of Cd(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ), and Zn(Ⅱ) were fitted to Langmuir isotherm. Kinetic modeling of the adsorption showed that first order reversible kinetic model fitted to experimental data. From kinetic model and equilibrium data, the overall rate constant (k) and the equilibrium constant (K) for the adsorption process were calculated. The overall rates of adsorption of metal ions follow the order of Cd(Ⅱ) > Cu(Ⅱ) > Zn(Ⅱ). From the results of thermodynamic analysis, standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°), and standard entropy (ΔS°) of adsorption process were calculated.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.920-924
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• 2012

This study was performed to estimate total contents of arsenic (As) by stepwise multiple-regression analysis using chemical properties and extractable contents of metal in paddy soil adjacent to abandoned mines. The soil was collected from paddies near abandoned mines. Soil pH, electrical conductively (EC), organic mater (OM), available phosphorus ($P_2O_5$), and exchangeable cations (Ca, K, Mg, Na) were measured. Total contents of As and extractable contents of metals were analyzed by ICP-OES. From stepwise analysis, it was showed that the contents of extractable As, available phosphorus, extractable Cu, exchangeable K, exchangeable Na, and organic mater significantly influenced the total contents of As in soil (p<0.001). The multiple linear regression models have been established as Log (Total-As) = 0.741 + 0.716 Log (extractable-As) - 0.734 Log (avail-$P_2O_5$) + 0.334 Log (extractable-Cu) + 0.186 Log (exchangeable-K) - 0.593 Log (exchangeable-Na) + 0.558 Log (OM). The estimated value in total contents of As was significantly correlated with the measured value in soil ($R^2$=0.84196, p<0.0001). This predictive model for estimating total As contents in paddy soil will be properly applied to the numerous datasets which were surveyed with extractable heavy metal contents based on Soil Environmental Conservation Act before 2010.

• 분석과학
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2010

폐수 시료를 이용한 중금속분석용 수질표준물질을 제조하여, 납, 카드뮴, 크롬, 구리, 아연, 망간, 철 등 중금속 7 종에 대해 인증분석 및 불확도 등을 평가하고, 24 개 환경측정분석기관을 대상으로 실험실간 비교실험을 실시하였다. 폐수표준물질의 인증값 및 확장불확도는 KS A ISO 가이드 35(2005)에 의해 도출하였으며, 균질성에 기인한 표준불확도는 특성값의 0.43~2.67%로 나타났다. 환경측정분석기관간 비교실험에서 모든 항목의 비교실험 결과값이 정규분포를 따랐으며, 로버스트 평균값과 폐수표준물질의 인증값과 비교한 결과, 대부분의 항목에서 로버스트 평균값이 인증값보다 낮게 나타났다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2010

1. Objectives: To compare the contents of hazardous substances such as crude, washing solution, crude after washing, decoction and remnant. 2. Methods: The heavy metal contents of each step were measured by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectrometer and mercury analyzer (MA-2). In order to analyze pesticides in Yanggyeoksanhwa-tang we used simultaneous multi- residue analysis of pesticides by GC/ECD, which was followed by GC/MSD analysis to confirm the identity of the detected pesticide in each sample. In addition, the contents of sulfur dioxide (SO2) were performed by Monier-Williams distillation method. 3. Results: 1) The mean values of heavy metal contents (mg/kg) for each steps in Yanggeoksanhwa-tang were as follows: crude (Pb; 1.87, As; 1.29, Cd; 0.28 and Hg; N.D.), washing solution (Pb; 1.98, As; 1.13, Cd; 0.10 and Hg; N.D.), crude after washing (Pb; 1.90, As; 1.40, Cd; 0.22 and Hg; N.D.), decoction (Pb; 1.90, As; 1.14, Cd; 0.11 and Hg; N.D.) and remnant (Pb; 2.39, As; 1.29, Cd; 0.25 and Hg; 0.01). 2) Contents (mg/kg) of residual pesticides in crude and decoction were not detected. 3) Contents (mg/kg) of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in crude, crude after washing and remnant exhibited 3.00, 2.00 and 2.00 mg/kg, respectively. However, contents of sulfur dioxide in washing solution and decoction were not detected. 4. Conclusions: These Results: will be used to establish a criterion of heavy metals, residual pesticides and sulfur dioxide of each step in Yanggeoksanhwa-tang.