• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2007년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.82-87
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• 2007

In the present study, the simulation on the annual performance evaluation of a renewable energy systems with fuel cell driven compound source hybrid heat pump systems is applied to the heating and cooling of large community building. The large community building has the economical advantage to apply heat pump cooling and heating systems the long period operation. If air and ground source hybrid heat pump systems are combined, COP of the system can be increased largely. Fuel cell driven compound source hybrid heat pump system can reduced the fuel cost as well as thermal storage tank sharply.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2015

In this study a hybrid heating system based on geothermal source and solar heat was developed in order to save energy for greenhouse heating and its field performance was evaluated. Developed system are composed of following parts: water tank, heat exchanger, heat pump, fan coil unit and heat storage unit. The working performance test was carried out in a greenhouse cultivating oriental orchids being managed by $23^{\circ}C$. Field performance test results showed that average heating coefficient of performance ($COP_h$) was 3.4 for the period from mid-January to mid-March 2013. Heating coefficient of performance ($COP_h$) of developed hybrid heat pump system was more sensitive to water tank temperature than outside air temperature. This study showed that developed hybrid heat pump system has a potential to save the heating costs up to 91% compared to conventional agricultural oil heaters.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2014

In this paper, cycle performance analysis for heating capacity, compression work and COP of R134a supercritical heat pump is presented to offer the basic design data for the operating parameters of the system. The operating parameters considered in this study include superheating degree, pressure and outlet temperature of gas cooler, compressor efficiency and evaporating temperature in the R134a supercritical heat pump system. The main results were summarized as follows : Superheating degree, pressure and outlet temperature of gas cooler, compressor efficiency and evaporating temperature of R134a heat pump system have an effect on the heating capacity, compression work and COP of this system. With a thorough grasp of these effect, it is necessary to design the supercritical heat pump using R134a. The prediction for COP of R134a supercritical heat pump have been proposed through multiple regression analysis.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.3366-3373
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 $CO_2$ 냉매를 적용하는 수열원 히트펌프 시스템의 성능특성에 관하여 실험적으로 연구하였다. 냉매충진량, 전자팽창밸브 개도, 압축기 주파수, 내부열교환기의 유무 등 다양한 운전변수에 따라 냉방, 난방성능 및 COP 특성을 분석하였다. 실험결과는 2200g의 냉매충진량, 26%의 전자팽창밸브 개도비율에서 최고의 COP 곡선을 나타내고 있고 압축기 주파수의 증가에 따라 냉방능력은 증가하나 난방능력은 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 시스템의 경우 내부열교환기를 포함할 경우 내부열교환기가 없을 경우에 비해 약 4%의 냉방 COP 증가되었고 난방 COP는 약 0.89%감소로 성능변화가 거의 나타나지 않았다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2012

In this study,the compact type solar thermal and ground coupled heat pump hybrid system for space heating/cooling and hot water supply has been developed. This hybrid system was installed in Zero Energy Solar House(ZeSH) in KIER for the demonstration. The thermal performance and operational characteristics of this hybrid system were analysed especially. The results are as follows. (1) This hybrid system was designed in order to address the existing disadvantages of solar thermal/ground coupled heat pump system. For this design, all parts except solar collector and ground coupled heat pump were integrated into a single product in a factory. The compact type unit includes two buffer tanks, an expansion tank, pumps, valves, a controller, etc. This system has an advantage of easy installation with simple plumbing work even in narrow space. (2) The thermal charging and discharging time of the buffer tanks and its characteristics by ground coupled heat pump, and heat pump COP according to geo-source temperature and buffer storage temperature have been studied. This system was found to meet well to the heat load without any other auxiliary heating equipment. (3) The operating hours of the ground coupled heat pump as a backup device of solar thermal can be reduced significantly by using solar heat. It was also found that the minimum heating water supply setting temperature and maximum cooling water supply setting temperature make an influence on the heat pump COP. The lower heating water and the higher cooling water temperature, the higher COP. In this respect, the hybrid system's performance can be improved in ZeSH than conventional house.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.310-315
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• 2008

In this study, experimental study on the heating performance of a $CO_2$ heat pump water heater with a variation of operating conditions such as refrigerant charge amount, outdoor temperature, compressor frequency, EEV opening and water mass flow rate. Based on the test results, the optimum charge amount was 1800 g. At the water mass flow rates of 75, 85, 95 kg/hr, the water heating temperature was 62, 67, $74^{\circ}C$ and COP was 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, respectively. Besides, the water mass flow rate and compressor frequency were varied to maintain above the water heating temperature of $60^{\circ}C$ with the decrease of outdoor temperature. So, The compressor frequency increased beyond 65 Hz and the water mass flow rate was 45 kg/hr at the outdoor temperature of $-13^{\circ}C$, 65 kg/hr at $-8^{\circ}C$, 75 kg/hr at $-3^{\circ}C$ and 85 kg/hr at 2, $7^{\circ}C$. As the outdoor temperature decreased, the heating COP decreased by 2.5-39.8%.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2003

To find out heating load and to determine the power of heat pump compressor for the Ondol room heating the COP of heat pump, the variation of Ondol room air temperature, the variation of ambient temperature and power consumption of heat pump are analyzed. The results from this study were summarized as follows: 1. The COP of the heat pump in close loop decreased as the ambient air temperature. The COP was 2.26 when the temperature difference of condenser was $20\pm3^{\circ}C$. 2. The Ondol surface temperature was $25\pm3^{\circ}C$ when the hot water of $40^{\circ}C$ was supplied from hot water storage tank to the Ondol and the temperature difference between the Ondol surface and the room air temperature was $7~8^{\circ}C$. 3. The ratio of thermal conduction heating load to total heating load in Ondol heating space was found to be 83% and ratio of ventilation heating load was 17%. Therefore, the thermal conduction heating load was confirmod to be a major heating load in Ondol heating space. 4. In case of the ambient temperature of $3.2^{\circ}C$, the efficiency of heat exchange of Ondol heating system was 85%. 5. The heating load per Ondol heating surface area and volume of Ondol room space were theoretically analyzed. In case of the room temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ and the ambient temperature of $-3.2~3.8^{\circ}C$, the heating load per Ondol surface area was 115.8~167.6kJ/h ㆍ㎥ and per Ondol mom space volume was 50.2~72.7kJ/h ㆍ㎥. 6. The compressor power of heat pump fur the Ondol room heating could be determined with the heating load analyzed in this study In case of the Ondol room air temperature of 17~2$0^{\circ}C$ and the ambient temperature of -5~3.8$^{\circ}C$, the compressor power of heat pump per Ondol surface area was analyzed to be $2.3\times10^{-2}psm^2$, and per volume of Ondol room space $1.0\times10^{-2}1.4\times10^{-2}ps/m^2$ps.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.170.1-170.1
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• 2010

Performance of water-to-air heat pump using raw water has been analyzed under part load heating operation in March, 2010. The water source heat pump of 30 RT was installed for 24 hours cooling and heating ventilation, and the gravity inflow water from Daechung dam is used as the heat source. The daily averaged water and air temperatures are $5.7^{\circ}C$ and $9.9^{\circ}C$ respectively, and the heat pump is operated under part load condition for 7.5 hours in 24 hours. The daily averaged heat pump COP calculated with heat transferred from the brine water is 2.49 and the monthly averaged COP is 2.25 in March. Based on the database of the California Energy Commission, the monthly averaged COPs of air source heat pumps installed in U.S.A. are 1.97 in March and 2.03 in April. Therefore it is confirmed again that the performance of the heat pump using raw water is better than that of air source heat pumps.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.297-304
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the experimental performance characteristics of a water-to-water geothermal heat pump featuring a vapor refrigerant injection for the production of hot water. The performance of geothermal heat pump with a vapor injection was evaluated by comparing with that of a conventional geothermal heat pump without a vapor injection. For heating operation, the geothermal heat pump with a vapor injection is superior in COP and heating capacity. The vapor injection was more effective for supplying hot water while overloading. The vapor injection was effective for the improvement of the cooling capacity. However, the vapor injection was not effective for the increasing of COP according to the increased input of a compressor. The advantage of vapor injection in water-to-water geothermal heat pump become disappeared while cooling operation with lower part loading.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.468-474
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• 2009

Ground water source heat pump system is the oldest one of the ground source heat pump systems. Despite of this, little formal design information has been available until recently. The important design parameters for open system are the identification of optimum ground water flow, heat exchanger selection and well pump. In this study, the capacity of 50 RT system of two well type ground water heat pump system was used. As a result, static water level was -7 m and the level during the heating operation was -32 m, cooling operation was -40 m. The initial static water level recovered within 48 hrs. The temperature of ground water is $15.6^{\circ}C$ for heating season and $16.2^{\circ}C$ for cooling season and does not depend on the outdoor temperature. Operation efficiency of the system shows that, COP 3.1 for heating and COP 4.2 for cooling.