• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2014

Objectives: The objective of study was to calculate the municipal level environmental burden of disease (EBD) due to heat wave. Methods: The data used were Korea National Health Insurance 2011 claim data and 2011 death registry. Heatwave related diseases included hypertensive heart diseases, ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular disease, and heat related illness. According to the method that WHO proposed, the study computed population-attributable fraction with relative risk which come from previous study and proportion of exposure which the study calculated with historical meteorology data. Results: The Average of 251 municipal EBD was 2.11 per thousand persons. The value of years lost due to disability was 11 times higher than that of years of life lost. On average EBD of county and southern geographical areas tended to be higher than those of District or city areas. The relationship between municipal deprivation index (composite deprivation index) and EBD showed the positive association, which means that the worse deprived municipal is, the higher EBD takes. Conclusions: Climate change is getting one of the major risk factors of cardio-cerebrovascular disease, which is the second leading cause of death. The study results suggested the urgent policy planning and reaction of climate change adaptation.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.90-96
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• 2003

Numerical analyses have been performed to obtain the absorption heat and mass transfer coefficients and the absorption mass flux from a falling film of LiBr solution. In the present study, the behavior of laminar-wavy falling film in the vertical absorber was studied analytically and experimentally. The change of absorption performance on mean film thickness, wave amplitude, wave celerity was analysed. The heat and mass transfer equations are solved simultaneously to give the temperature and concentration variations at the LiBr solution/refrigeration vapor interface and at the wall. Effects of uniform film, wavy film and film Reynolds number on the heat and mass transfer coefficients have been estimated. The analytical results of the uniform and wavy falling film in the bare tube was higher than experimental result for $Rd_{t}<100$. The absorption performance showed the maximum at the wavy film by the insert device(spring).

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.813-818
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 가뭄에 의한 용수, 가뭄에 의한 수질과 폭염에 의한 온열질환에 대한 취약성 평가 항목에 대한 선정 배경을 기술하였고, 선정된 취약성 평가 항목에 대해 취약성 평가 가중치 산정을 수행하였다. 또한 취약성 평가절차에서는 단계적으로 적용되는 계산 방법과 실제 사례를 함께 서술하였다. 취약성 평가 데이터베이스 구축에 대해 분석하고, 이러한 취약성 평가 절차를 적용한 폭염과 가뭄을 위한 기후변화 취약성 평가 시스템을 설계하였다.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국에너지공학회 1996년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.3-12
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• 1996

Cold fusion technologies now are being developed very successfully. The $\pi$-far infrared rays are generated from three dimensional crystallizing $\pi$-bondings of oxygen atoms in water molecules. The growing cavity in water molecules make near resonance state and a vortex of infrared rays and attracts $\pi$-far infrared rays in the water. The cavity surrounded by a lot of $\pi$-far infrared rays has a very strong gravitational field. The $\pi$-far infrared rays are contracted into $\pi$-far infrared rays of half wave length and of one wave length. The $\pi$-far infrared rays of half wave length generate heat while $\pi$-far infrared rays of one wave length are contracted into $\pi$-gamma rays of one wave length. The contracted $\pi$-gamma rays of one wave length make nucleons and mesons, which is the creation and transmutation of matter by covalent bondings and three-dimensional crystallizing $\pi$-bondings into implosion bonding. Patterson power cell generates a very strong gravitational cavity because the electrolysized oxygen atoms make $\pi$-far infrared rays than in plain water.

• 대기
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.505-518
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• 2010

We investigated the impacts of the diabatic heating location, vertical profile and basic state on the Rossby wave propagation. To examine the dynamical process of individual responses on the regional heat source, a dry version of the linear baroclinic model was used with climatological summertime (JJA) mean basic state and vertical structure of the diabatic heating for 1979-2008. Two sets of diabatic heating were constructed of those positioned in the mid-latitudes (Tibetan Plateau, eastern Mediterranean Sea, and the west-central Asia) and the tropics (the southern India, Bay of Bengal, and western Pacific). It was found that using the principal component analysis, atmospheric response to diabatic heating reaches to the steady state in 19th days in time. The prescribed mid-latitude forcing forms equivalent barotropic Rossby wave propagation along the westerly Asia jets, whereas the tropical forcing generates the Rossby wave train extending from the tropics to mid-latitudes. In relation to the maximum vertical profile, the mid-level forcing reveals a stronger response than the lower-level forcing, which may be caused by more effective Rossby wave response by the upper-level divergent flow. Under the different sub-seasonal mean state, both of the tropical and mid-latitude forcing induce the different sub-seasonal response intensity, due to the different basic-state wind.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.407-418
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• 2004

Prandtl-Meyer expansion flow with homogeneous condensation is investigated experimentally and by numerical computations. The steady and unsteady periodic behaviors of the diabatic shock wave due to the latent heat released by condensation are considered with a view of technical application to the condensing flow through steam turbine blade passages. A passive control method using a porous wall and cavity underneath is applied to control the diabatic shock wave. Two-dimensional, compressible Navier-Stokes with the nucleation rate equation are numerically solved using a third-order TVD (Total Variation Diminishing) finite difference scheme. The computational results reproduce the measured static pressure distributions in passive and no passive Prandtl-Meyer expansion flows with condensation. From both the experimental and computational results, it is found that the magnitude of steady diabatic shock wave can be considerably reduced by the present passive control method. For no passive control, it is found that the diabatic shock wave due to the heat released by condensation oscillates periodically with a frequency of 2.40㎑. This unsteady periodic motion of the diabatic shock wave can be completely suppressed using the present passive control method.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.76-82
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• 2002

In these days, many advanced nations have enforced import restrictions against things emitting electromagnetic wave which has report that it is so harmful. In general, electromagnetic wave is composed of electric wave and magnetic wave. The reflection of electromagnetic wave is mainly reflected by conductive materials and the magnetism loss is generated by magnetic ferrite. The magnetism loss of ferrite is separated by eddy current loss, residual magnetism loss and hysteresis loss. Thermal sprayed coating is intended to manufacture because of simple processes and high efficient electromagnetic wave shielding. The high efficient thermal sprayed coatings were made from the magnetic ferrite materials that characterizes absorption of electromagnetic wave, and the electric conductive materials that characterize emitting of electromagnetic wave. This study was manufactured thermal sprayed coatings to improve absorption-efficiency, and measured the electromagnetic wave shielding efficiency. As the experimental results, high electromagnetic wave shield efficiency was obtained at wave frequency 2GHz to thermal sprayed ferrite coatings manufactured by size distribution range of spray powders, $38~88\mu\textrm{m}$.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2008

폭염을 포함한 기후변화에 의한 사망자가 2000년의 경우 15만 명에 달하였으며 외부환경 변화에 대응하는 인간은 자연적인 체온 조절기능이 감소되고 냉난방기에 의한 인공적인 환경조절 의존도가 높아지고 있다. 자연재해로서의 폭염에 대한 대응책으로서 우리나라에서도 2007년부터 폭염지수를 예보하고 이에 따른 폭염경보를 발령하고 있으며 각종 산업현장에서도 이에 대한 대응방안을 마련하고 있다. 그러나 결국 이러한 폭염재해대책은 소극적인 방법으로 시민 개개인에게 최종적인 폭염대응을 책임지게 하고 있는 것이다. 이를 보완하기 위해서 보다 체계적이고 능동적인 폭염 대응 시스템의 구축이 필요한 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 폭염의 대응방법으로서 쿨링센터의 체계적인 설치와 운영에 대한 대안을 제시하고자 한다. 특히 쿨링센터가 단순한 대피처로서의 역할이 아니라 폭염재난에 있어서 긴급재난통제소와 같은 역할을 수행하는 것을 제안한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.401-407
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• 2014

열에 관한 문제를 해결하기 위해 여러 개의 LED 칩을 1개의 보드에 밀집으로 배열한 COB(Chip On Board)에 관한 관심이 증가하고 있다. LED소자의 온도가 올라갈수록 수명이 감소하고 스펙트럼선의 파장이 본래의 파장보다 장파장 쪽으로 이동하는 적색 이동 현상 및 접합부 온도 상승에 따라 광 출력이 감소되는 큰 문제점이 대두되고 있다. 이러한 열 문제점을 해결하기위해 본 논문에서는 최적의 Fin 두께와 길이를 선정하여 15W급 COB LED 최적의 2차 방열판을 설계하고, 그 설계한 방열판과 15W COB를 패키지하여 Solid Works Flow Simulation을 통한 열적 특성을 분석하여 제작된 15W COB 다운라이트 방열판을 접촉식 온도계를 사용해 열적 특성, 키슬리 2430을 통한 전기적 특성을 분석하였다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.747-757
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• 2020

연구목적: 본 연구는 폭염으로 인한 유사 환경 조건이라도 개인의 내적 특성에 따라 다른 대처를 하게 되어 피해의 정도에 개인차가 있음을 주목하였다. 이에 개인의 심리적 특성과 온열질환 증상 경험의 영향 관계를 분석하였다. 연구방법: 건설노동자를 대상으로 온열질환 증상의 경험 유무에 따라 개인특성의 설문과 폭염 피해에 연관성이 있을 강박신념, 자아 존중감, 성격에 대한 심리척도를 통해 영향관계를 분석하였다. 연구결과: 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 책임감은 온열질환 증상의 경험에 정(+)의 영향, 집단에서의 자아 존중감은 온열질환 증상의 경험에 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구는 폭염으로 인한 피해자의 심리적 특성을 파악하기 위하여 폭염에 취약한 대상인 건설노동자를 대상으로 강박신념, 자아 존중감, 성격을 분석한 첫 번째 연구로 기초자료를 제시하였다.