• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제25권10호
• /
• pp.1318-1326
• /
• 2001

The evaporation heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop for refrigerant R-22 flowing in the plate and shell heat exchanger were investigated experimentally in this study. Two vertical counterflow channels were farmed in the exchanger by three plates of commercial geometry with a corrugated trapezoid shape of a chevron angel of 45 ° Upflow boiling of refrigerant R-22 in one channel receives heat from the hot downf1ow of water in the other channel. The effects of the mean vapor quality, mass flux, heat flux and pressure of R-22 on the evaporation heat transfer and pressure drop were explored. The quality change of R-22 between the inlet and outlet of the refrigerant channel ranges from 0.03 to 0.05. The present data showed that both the evaporation heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop increase with the vapor quality. At a higher mass flux, the evaporation heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop are higher for the entire range of the vapor quality Raising the imposed wall heat flux was found to slightly improve the heat transfer, while at a higher refrigerant pressure, both the heat transfer and pressure drop are slightly lower.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.35-40
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 마이크로핀관에서 이소부탄과 프로판의 증발 열전달 특성에 대해 실험적으로 조사하였다. 시험부는 외경 12.70 mm이고, 높이가 0.25 mm인 75개 핀이 원주방향으로 삽입되어 있다. 실험결과, 탄화수소계 냉매의 평균 열전달계수는 프레온계 냉매인 HCFC22보다 높을 것으로 나타났고, 높은 질랑유속에서는 이소부탄 > 프로판 순으로 나타났다. 마이크로핀관에서 증발 열전달 계수는 평활관에 비해 약 $80{\sim}100%$ 정도가 향상되었다. 이러한 본 연구 결과로부터 탄화수소계 냉매를 냉동 공조 시스템의 냉매로 사용하여 열교환장치를 설계할 경우에는 유리하리라 생각된다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 2007

The evaporation heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop of $CO_2$(R-744) in a horizontal tube was investigated experimentally. The main components of the experimental apparatus are a receiver, a variable-speed pump, a mass flow meter, a pre-heater and an evaporator(test section). The test section consists of a horizontal stainless steel tube of 4.57 mm inner diameter. The experiments were conducted at mass flux of $200{\sim}1000\;kg/m^2s$ saturation temperature of $0{\sim}20^{\circ}C$, and heat flux of $10{\sim}40\;kW/m^2$. The test results showed that the heat transfer coefficient of $CO_2$ has a greater effect on nucleate boiling more than convective boiling. Mass flux of $CO_2$ does not affect nucleate boiling too much. In comparison with test data and existing correlations, All of the existing correlations for the heat transfer coefficient underestimated the experimental data. However lung et al.'s correlation showed a good agreement with the experimental data. The evaporation pressure drop of $CO_2$ increases with increasing mass flux and decreasing saturation temperature. When comparison between the experimental pressure drop and existing correlations. Existing correlations failed to predict the evaporation pressure drop of $CO_2$.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집B
• /
• pp.248-253
• /
• 2001

An experiment was carried out to investigate the characteristics of the evaporation heat transfer for refrigerant R-134a flowing in a plate and shell heat exchanger. The data are useful in designing more compact and effective evaporators for various refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Two vertical counterflow channels were formed in the exchanger. The R-134a flows up in one channel exchanging heat with the hot water flowing down in the other channel. The effects of the average heat flux, mass flux, saturation temperature and vapor quality were examined in detail. The present data show that the evaporation heat transfer coefficient increases with the vapor quality. A rise in the refrigerant mass flux causes an increase in the $h_r$ value. A rise in the average imposed heat flux causes an increase in the $h_r$, value at the low quality. Finally, at a higer refrigerant saturation temperature the $h_r$, value is found to be lower.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.215-223
• /
• 1999

Evaporation heat transfer coefficient and pressure loss were measured for three different micro-fin tubes and a smooth tube. The experiments were carried out with R-22 over a wide range of vapor Quality, mass velocity and heat flux. Heat transfer coefficient of the tube with slightly modified fin shape was found to be higher than that of the commercial reference tube by 60%. The improvement of heat transfer has been achieved without noticeable increase of pressure loss. Heat transfer coefficient was increased with increasing quality, refrigerant mass flux, and heat flux. However, the effect of refrigerant mass flux and heat flux was not great. Heat transfer coefficient at bottom was lower than that at top of the tube in low quality region, which suggested the existence of stratification in the micro-fin tube. Pressure drop was linearly increased with increasing refrigerant quality and was proportional to about square of mass flux.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.532-541
• /
• 1996

Theoretical and numerical study on heat transfer and evaporation in the vertical channel has been carried out and basic correlations have been derived for the heat transfer evaluation of PCCS. Analysis program was developed with low-Reynolds-number k-$\varepsilon$ model and surface transfer rates were calculated for the turbulent natural convection in the vertical channel. In relation to dry cooling by buoyancy-driven air, first, the system parameters which govern overall heat transfer rate are determined through the adequate nondimensionalization procedure. After comparison with existing experimental data, numerical results are used to derive heat transfer correlation by sensitivity calculations. In relation to wet cooling by falling water film, numerical analysis are carried out for evaporation process with real film surface conditions and evaporation correlation is derived through analogy concept and correction factors.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.530-537
• /
• 2004

In recent years, carbon dioxide among natural refrigerants has gained consider-able attention as an alternative refrigerant due to its excellent thermophysical properties. However, few investigations have been performed to develop useful correlations of heat trans-fer coefficients and pressure drop during evaporation of carbon dioxide. This study is aiming at providing the characteristics of heat transfer and pressure drop during the evaporation process of carbon dioxide. Heat is provided by a direct heating method to the test section, which was made of a seamless stainless steel tube with an inner diameter of 7.53 mm, and a length of 5.0 m. Experiments were conducted at saturation temperatures of -4 to 2$0^{\circ}C$, heat fluxes of 12 to 20 ㎾/$m^2$ and mass fluxes of 200 to 530 kg/$m^2$s. A comparison of different heat transfer correlations applicable to evaporation of carbon dioxide has been made. Based on the experiments for evaporation heat transfer and pressure drop, new correlations were developed. The newly developed empirical correlations for the heat transfer and pressure drop show average absolute deviations of 15.3% and 16.2%, respectively.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.264-269
• /
• 2008

본 논문은 수평 이중관식 열교환기 내 프레온계 냉매의 대체냉매인 탄화수소계 냉매(R-290과 R-600a)의 증발 열전달 계수에 대한 실험적 결과를 나타내었다. 증발기의 내관 내경은 각각 10.07 mm와 6.54 mm의 2가지를 사용하였다. 증발실험은 질량유속 $35.5{\sim}210.4\;kg/m^2s$이고, 냉각용량 $0.95{\sim}10.1\;kW$인 조건에서 수행하였다. 실험결과를 요약하면, 탄화수소계 냉매 R-290과 R-600a의 증발 열전달 계수가 프레온계 냉매 R-22보다 높았다. 즉, R-22의 증발 열전달 계수에 비해, R-290와 R600a는 각각 $56.7{\sim}70.1%$와 $46.9{\sim}59.7%$ 정도 높았다. 실험데이터와 종래의 상관식을 비교한 결과, 모든 냉매와 관경에 대해서 Kandlikar상관식이 가장 좋은 일치를 보였다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
• /
• pp.503-508
• /
• 2001

Experiments on the condensation and evaporation heat transfer characteristics inside plate heat exchanger with R134A are performed in this study. The test plate heat exchangers in 45o, 55o and 70o shevron angle are used. Varying the mass flux of the refrigerant and the saturation temperatures, the average heat transfer coefficients are investigated. It is shown that the heat transfer is increased with increasing shevron angle. Experiments results show that average condensation heat transfer coefficients are decreased with increasing condensation temperature but those of evaporation are increased with increasing evaporation temperature.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제19권9호
• /
• pp.615-621
• /
• 2007

Experimental study on the heat transfer characteristics of $CO_2$ in a horizontal smooth tube was carried out to investigate the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop during evaporation of $CO_2$. The experiment apparatus consisted of a test section, a DC power supply, a heater, a chiller, a mass flow meter, a pump and a measurement system. Experiment was conducted for various mass fluxes ($200{\sim}1200kg/m^2s$), heat flukes ($10{\sim}100kW/m^2$) and saturation temperatures (-5, 0, $5^{\circ}C$). With increasing the heat flux, the evaporation heat transfer coefficient increased. But the variation of the heat transfer coefficient on the increase of the mass flux was not large. And the significantly drops of the heat transfer coefficient was observed at any heat flux and mass flux because of the change of the flow pattern in the tube. With increasing the saturation temperature, the heat transfer coefficient increased due to the promotion of a nucleate boiling. The measured pressure drop during evaporation increased with increasing the mass flux and decreasing the saturation temperature.