• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.503-510
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• 2010

The quick variation of the canister wall temperature causes the modification of the shape of canister wall. This paper is the possibility of adoption and the error analysis about the transient heat flux method. The commercial code(Fluent Ver6.2.16) was employed for the calculation of surface temperature in the case of steady and unsteady heat flux condition. Based the surface temperature variation and surface material property, transient heat flux method can calculate the surface heat flux. In the case of steady heat flux condition, the error is about 2%, and in the case of unsteady heat flux condition, the error is about 3.6%. With the unsteady heat flux condition, the time which reach the maximum surface heat flux is almost same between the numerical analysis and transient heat flux method.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.128-133
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• 2011

The present study performs a series of 40 % reduced scale of ISO-9705 fire test to investigate the characteristics of heat flux on the floor level in terms of fire characteristics and location in the compartment. The heat flux was measured with Schmidt-Boelter type heat flux gauge at two locations on the floor level of inside and doorway side of the compartment. Different types of fuel - methane, heptane, toluene, ethanol, polystyrene - were burned in this test series. The measured heat flux inside of the compartment was relatively higher than that of front side as the heat release rate of fire and upper layer temperature increased. The difference of measured heat flux at inside and doorway side increased for high sooty fire. The present study shows that the heat flux distribution at lower layer greatly depend on the thermal radiation from fire and upper layer, not only the upper layer temperature but also various fire characteristics such as composition of combustion gases, soot concentration, ventilation condition and so on.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.967-974
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• 2009

Experiments were conducted to measure the heat flux and temperature over a protuberance, using an impulse hypersonic shock tunnel-coaxial thermocouples and a blowdown hypersonic wind tunnel-temperature sensitive paints(TSP). Experimental data were compared with the heat flux data using a blowdown hypersonic wind tunnel-heat flux gauges and it was confirmed data sets agreed well. The measured heat flux is large when the height of the protuberance is large. Also, the heat flux measurements at the upper positions are larger than at the lower positions. For high protuberances, a severe jump in the heat flux is observed, from about 0.6~0.7 of the height of the protuberances. However, when the protuberance is sufficiently short, a rise in the heat flux is rarely observed as the protuberance is submerged totally under the separation region.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.19.2-19.2
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• 2005

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.15-20
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• 2013

The convective heat transfer coefficient, emissivity, and flame heat flux on the surface of Duglas fir are estimated by using repulsive particle swarm optimization. The surface temperature, mass loss rate, and ignition time are measured for various incident heat fluxes from a cone heater of the cone calorimeter. The calculated surface temperatures obtained by using the optimized convective heat transfer coefficient, emissivity and flame heat flux on the surface in this study match well with those obtained from the test. The maximum error between the predicted and measured surface temperatures for the three different external heat fluxes is within 2% showing reasonable agreements. The methodology proposed in this study can be used to obtain various values related to heat transfer on a flaming surface that are difficult to measure in experiments.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.273-280
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• 1986

The purpose of this study is to obtain the experimental data of the forced flow dryout heat flux in a heat generating debris bed which simulates the degraded nuclear reactor core after severe accident. An experimental investigation has been conducted of dryout heat flux in an inductively heated bed of steel particles with upward forced flow rising coolant circulation system under atmospheric pressure. The present observations were mainly focused on the effects of coolant mass flux, particle size, bed height, and coolant subcooling on the dryout heat flux The data were obtained when carbon steel particles in the size distribution 1.5, 2.5, 3.0 and 4.0 mm were placed in a 55 mm ID Pyrex glass column and inductively heated by passing radio frequency current through a multiturn work coil encircling the column. Distilled water was supplied with variation of mass flux from 0 to 3.5 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ s as a coolant in the tests, while the bed height was selected as 55 mm and 110 mm. Inlet temperature of coolant varied by 2$0^{\circ}C$ and 8$0^{\circ}C$. The principal results of the tests are: (1) Dryout heat flux increases with increase of upward forcing mass flux and particle size; (2) The dryout heat flux at the zero mass flux obviously depends on the Particle size as Previous studies; (3) The forced flow dryout heat flux in the shallow bed is somewhat higher than that in the deep bed,

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.181-186
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• 2007

In order to investigate the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop during evaporation of $CO_2$, basic experiment on the evaporation heat transfer characteristics in a horizontal smooth tube was performed. The experimental apparatus consisted of a test section, a DC power supply, a heater, a chiller, a mass flow meter, a pump and a measurement system. Experiment was conducted for various mass fluxes ($200{\sim}1200\;kg/m^2s$), heat fluxes ($10{\sim}80\;kW/m^2$) and saturation temperatures ($-5{\sim}5^{\circ}C$). With the increase of quality, the evaporation heat transfer coefficient decreased. With the increase of heat flux, the evaporation heat transfer coefficient increased. Significantly change of the heat transfer coefficient was observed at any heat flux and mass flux. With the increase of saturation temperature, the heat transfer coefficient increased. Pressure drop increased with the increase of mass flux and the decrease of saturation temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.93-99
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• 2006

The effects of the changes of a film cooling mass flow rate and operating conditions on wall heat flux characteristics of a subscale calorimetric combustion chamber were investigated by experiment and numerical analysis. At the nominal operating condition, with the film cooling mass flow rate being 10.5 percent of a main fuel mass flow rate, maximum heat flux at the nozzle throat was measured to be 30 percent lower than that without the film cooling. For the relatively higher mixture ratio and chamber pressure condition, maximum heat flux at the nozzle throat was increased by 31 percent compared to that of the nominal condition test without film cooling.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 1988

The purpose of this work is to obtain the experimental data for the forced How dryout heat flux in a heat generating stratified debris bed which simulates the degraded nuclear reactor core after severe accident. The present observations were mainly focused on the effect of coolant mass flux on the dryout heat flux in the stratified debris bed which consists of several layers with selected particle sizes under constant bed depth and temperature of inlet coolant flow conditions. The following results were obtained from this experimental work: (1) The dryout heat flux in the stratified debris bed increases with increase of upward forcing mass flux of coolant. The similar trend of increase rate of dryout heat flux in the stratified bed was observed in the uniform particle size bed. (2) For the comparison of theoretical values and experimental data, the use of surface area mean diameter as a particle diameter was suitable for the calculation of dryout heat flux.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.95-98
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• 2013

Plate thermometers are used for measuring the radiative heat flux in high-temperature surroundings. The heat flux is calculated from the temperature measured at the back surface of the stainless steel surface of the meter. Heat fluxes from a Schmidt-Boelter gauge are measured as reference heat fluxes. A combined conductive coefficient is introduced to consider the heat loss to insulation, conduction through the stainless plate depth, and conduction from the non-uniform temperature of the plate of the plate thermometer. This coefficient is obtained using the repulsive particle swarm optimization.