• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2005

Healthcare design has been considered as one of the most complex design types. In this study, healthcare design complexity is analysed by the following categories: (1) function; (2) medical technology; (3) scientific knowledge; (4) aesthetics; and (5) interest group complexity. The central questions here are: (1) What is the impact of specialized knowledge on the professional practice; and (2) What are the relationships between design complexity and specialized knowledge. To answer these questions, this study utilizes two approaches, including mail-out questionnaires survey and in-person and focus group interviews. This study found that healthcare design architects emphasize the technical component of specialized healthcare design knowledge. Thus they perceive that architectural research, as a tool to increase specialized healthcare design knowledge, is beneficial to solve the technical components including medical technology and functional problems. In the professional practice, however, architectural research is hardly conducted due mainly to the lack of money and time for it. Different perceptions regarding healthcare design complexity and architectural research among the firms exist, depending on the firm size. These results imply that the knowledge management strategy of large firms can be more efficient to the organizational growth than the small firms.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2010

This paper is a longitudinal study, comparing survey results between two time periods. A previous survey was conducted in 1999. After 10 years of the first survey, the second survey was conducted while utilizing the same questionnaire. A list of membership of Korea Institute of Heallthcare Architecture was used as a sampling frame. At the first survey in 1999, questionnaires of 27.3 percentage were returned, and 15.5 percentage in the 2008 survey. Healthcare design is one of the highly specialized design types in architecture. In addition, it is demanded highly specialized knowledge to solve healthcare design problems. As a professional service firm(PSF), architectural firm utilizes knowledge assets to provide design service to clients. Specialized knowledge in question is one of the core assets of PSF. The knowledge generates competitive advantages and plays an effective role as a marketing tool for PSF. However, empirical studies dealing with the knowledge characteristics of specialized design(healthcare) firms were hardly found. Thus, this study aims to trace the professional architects' perception of knowledge demands for task performance and architectural knowledge assets. The results can be used as a reference when a specialized firm in healthcare design initiates to build knowledge assets in it.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2016

Previous works for detecting arrhythmia have mostly used nonlinear method to increase classification accuracy. Most methods require accurate detection of ECG signal, higher computational cost and larger processing time. But it is difficult to analyze the ECG signal because of various noise types. Also in the healthcare system based IOT that must continuously monitor people's situation, it is necessary to process ECG signal in realtime. Therefore it is necessary to design efficient algorithm that classifies different arrhythmia in realtime and decreases computational cost by extrating minimal feature. In this paper, we propose R wave detection considering complexity and arrhythmia classification based on binary coding. For this purpose, we detected R wave through SOM and then RR interval from noise-free ECG signal through the preprocessing method. Also, we classified arrhythmia in realtime by converting threshold variability of feature to binary code. R wave detection and PVC, PAC, Normal classification is evaluated by using 39 record of MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The achieved scores indicate the average of 99.41%, 97.18%, 94.14%, 99.83% in R wave, PVC, PAC, Normal.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2021

Recent healthcare environments have characteristics of expanding the scope of healthcare-impacting healthcare, complexity resulting from diversification of components, and accelerating the pace of change. Drugs are used for the prevention, mitigation, and treatment of diseases, so they can inevitably cause harm, while they have efficacy and effectiveness, which are key elements of health recovery. Therefore, many countries regulate permits for safe and effective medicines, and also designate essential drugs directly related to life as pay targets and guarantee health insurance. Especially Pharmacist relying on manpower for composition medicine is liable for mal-manufacture due to combination of toxic medical substances or other chemical usage. In this paper, we focus on using Kiosk and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) for automated pharmacy to level up medical service and create labor friendly environment for pharmacist themselves through maintenance of prescription data and automated manufacturing solution. Presentation of drug substances and precautions will lead to efficient drug prescription and prevent misuse of information while auto manufacturing system efficiently maintain labor force and raise patient satisfaction level by reduction of waiting time.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.212-217
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• 2021

Premature contraction arrhythmia is the most common disease among arrhythmia and it may cause serious situations such as ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. Most of arrhythmia clasification methods have been developed with the primary objective of the high detection performance without taking into account the computational complexity. Also, personalized difference of ECG signal exist, performance degradation occurs because of carrying out diagnosis by general classification rule. Therefore it is necessary to design efficient method that classifies arrhythmia by analyzing the persons's physical condition and decreases computational cost by accurately detecting minimal feature point based on only QRS features. We propose method for personalized specific classification of premature contraction arrhythmia based on QRS features in smart healthcare environments. For this purpose, we detected R wave through the preprocessing method and SOM and selected abnormal signal sets.. Also, we developed algorithm to classify premature contraction arrhythmia using QRS pattern, RR interval, threshold for amplitude of R wave. The performance of R wave detection, Premature ventricular contraction classification is evaluated by using of MIT-BIH arrhythmia database that included over 30 PVC(Premature Ventricular Contraction) and PAC(Premature Atrial Contraction). The achieved scores indicate the average of 98.24% in R wave detection and the rate of 97.31% in Premature ventricular contraction classification.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.801-812
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Diet planning in childcare centers is difficult because of the required knowledge of nutrition and development as well as the high design complexity associated with large numbers of food items. Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to provide diet-planning solutions via automatic and effective application of professional knowledge, addressing the complexity of optimal diet design. This study presents the results of the evaluation of the utility of AI-generated diets for children and provides related implications. MATERIALS/METHODS: We developed 2 AI solutions for children aged 3-5 yrs using a generative adversarial network (GAN) model and a reinforcement learning (RL) framework. After training these solutions to produce daily diet plans, experts evaluated the human- and AI-generated diets in 2 steps. RESULTS: In the evaluation of adequacy of nutrition, where experts were provided only with nutrient information and no food names, the proportion of strong positive responses to RL-generated diets was higher than that of the human- and GAN-generated diets (P < 0.001). In contrast, in terms of diet composition, the experts' responses to human-designed diets were more positive when experts were provided with food name information (i.e., composition information). CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the development and evaluation of AI to support dietary planning for children. This study demonstrates the possibility of developing AI-assisted diet planning methods for children and highlights the importance of composition compliance in diet planning. Further integrative cooperation in the fields of nutrition, engineering, and medicine is needed to improve the suitability of our proposed AI solutions and benefit children's well-being by providing high-quality diet planning in terms of both compositional and nutritional criteria.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.1680-1691
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• 2009

건강의 질을 높이고 효율적인 건강전달체계를 마련하기 위해서, 전자건강기록시스템은 건강서비스를 제공하는 의료기관에서 중요하다. 그러나 국내 의료기관에서 현재 운용되는 시스템은 데이터 검색 및 처리를 위해서 분산 환경의 독립적인 소프트웨어 인터페이스를 사용하고 있다. 이로 인해, 새로운 시스템과의 연계시 각각의 인터페이스 모듈을 구입하거나 개발하는데 추가적인 비용 및 복잡성이 증가되고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 본 연구에서는 가정간호서비스를 서비스지향아키텍처기반으로 구현 한 후 평가를 수행하였다. 서비스 시나리오를 근간으로 프로세스 모델링과 비즈니스 요구사항을 정의하였으며, 서비스 설계를 위해서 다섯 가지의 검증 항목을 기준으로 17개의 후보 서비스를 도출하였다. 최종 서비스 도출을 위해 서비스리트머스테스트(service litmus test) 기법을 사용하여 7개의 서비스를 선정하였다. SOA 기반의 정보시스템은 비즈니스 프로세스 개선으로 환자 대기시간을 단축하는 효과가 있었다. 결론적으로, 병원정보 시스템이 소비자의 다양한 요구사항에 유연하게 대응하기 위해서는 상호운용성, 재사용성, 유지보수 등이 탁월한 SOA 기술적용을 고려하여야 한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.683-688
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• 2011

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is well known for an enabling technology for the ubiquitous environment such as real-time surveillance system, habitat monitoring, home automation and healthcare applications. However, the WSN featuring wireless communication through air, a resource constraints device and irregular network topology, is threatened by malicious nodes such as eavesdropping, forgery, illegal modification or denial of services. For this reason, security in the WSN is key factor for utilizing the sensor network into the commercial way. There is a series of symmetric cryptography proposed by laboratory or industry for a long time. Among of them, recently proposed HUMMINGBIRD algorithm, motivated by the design of the well-known Enigma machine, is much more suitable to resource constrained devices, including smart card, sensor node and RFID tags in terms of computational complexity and block size. It also provides resistance to the most common attacks such as linear and differential cryptanalysis. In this paper, we implements ultra-lightweight cryptography, HUMMINGBIRD algorithm into the resource constrained device, sensor node as a perfectly customized design of sensor node.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to figure out the cognitive characteristics of the elderly living in apartment complex in order to construct basic data for the design of sustainable and age friendly apartment area. Methods: Cognitive map was used to identify and analyze the elderly residents' status of residential environment cognitions. The elderly living in Gongreung-dong apartment was randomly interviewed outdoor area and requested to draw cognitive maps on their living environment. 26 valid cognitive maps collected were analyzed, classified into two different types: Line type and Dot type. The average age, cognitive distance, length of residence, number of elements in the map(complexity) were then compared by Line and Dot type, as well as by gender. Correlations among variables also were analysed. Results: Males showed a tendency to draw dot types, which means they are place-centered, and females drew line types more than males, which means they are way-centered. The average cognitive distance of male group was greater than that of female group. As the age went up, the number of perceived place and the cognitive distance decreased. Oder people tended to draw line types rather than dot types. As the cognitive distance was longer, the perceived place and the number of lines increased. Implications: The age was more related to the recognition of the residential environment. The younger the residents were, the more they recognized the elements. The points that were represented by dots in the cognitive maps are places for memories for the individuals. Creating more memorable spaces will affect the cognition of residents on living environment. It is better to improve the cognitive environments before cognitive abilities of residents decrease.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2015

최근 들어, 웹 서비스와 연동을 통해 생체정보 모니터링 서비스를 제공하기 위한 다양한 연구가 시도되고 있다. 의료정보전송 표준인 ISO/IEEE 11073 PHD에서는 ISO/IEEE 11073 에이전트와 ISO/IEEE 11073 매니저간의 생체정보 교환을 위해 비 IP (No-Internet Protocol) 기반의 최적화된 교환 프로토콜인 ISO/IEEE 11073-20601을 정의하고 있다. 이러한 ISO/IEEE 11073-20601을 이용한 비IP 기반의 시스템 구조는 사물인터넷 기반의 원격 생체정보 모니터링 서비스를 제공하는 데 적합하지 않다. 왜냐하면, 사물인터넷 기반 U-헬스케어 서비스에서 원격지의 IP가 탑재된 생체정보 측정 장치들을 관리 및 제어할 수 있는 기능을 지원하기 어렵기 때문이다. 게다가, ISO/IEEE 11073-20601에서 정의하고 있는 ACSE와 CMDISE는 구조적인 복잡도로 인해 구현하기 어렵고 복잡하기 때문에 사물인터넷 기반의 U-헬스케어 서비스를 제공하는데 적합하지 않다. 이러한 기존의 문제점을 해결하기 위해, 본 논문에서는 사물인터넷 기반의 생체정보 모니터링 서비스를 제공하기 위한 사물인터넷의 ISO/IEEE 11073 DIM/REST 기반 생체정보 모니터링 구조를 제안한다. 이를 위해 사물인터넷 기반 생체정보 모니터링 시스템 구조를 설계하였고, ISO/IEEE 11073 에이전트와 ISO/IEEE 11073 매니저간의 ISO/IEEE 11073 DIM/REST 기반의 메시지 교환 프로토콜을 설계하였다. 제안된 시스템 구조의 실현 가능성을 검증하기 위해 서비스 프로토타입을 구현하였다.