• 보건행정학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.21-42
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• 2008

This study investigates economies of scale, cost complementarity and economies of scope for healthcare organizations using econometric approaches. The economies of scale appear to exist in each service provided by a hospital such as inpatient treatment services, outpatient treatment services, and other patient treatment services, respectively. When we test all services in aggregate level, it also indicates that the healthcare industry on average exhibits the economies of scale of 6 percent, which implies that scaling up hospital sizes will bring substantial cost savings to them Evidence shows that cost complementarity exists between outpatient services and other services for patients and, i.e., these other services for patients experience the reduction in marginal costs as the outputs of the outpatient services increase. For the economies of scope, they are present in most service areas; aggregate level services, outpatient services, and other services for patients, respectively. Inpatient treatment services, however, do not show any evidence of the economies of scope. Results show that the economies of scope are achieved by the general hospital type that provides all service areas such as inpatient treatments, outpatient treatments, and other services for patients. The existence of the economies of scope provides the rationale for extending the existing line of business in a hospital into more diverse areas of services where its benefit comes in the form of cost savings. In sum, it overall provides evidence that the M&As in this industry are encouraged to achieve cost reductions from the economies of scale and scope by changing the size and the output mix.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2016

Chronic patients and staffs in healthcare facilities cannot avoid long-term stays indoors. Therefore, they need to get adequate amounts of sunlight to prevent diseases caused by vitamin D deficiency. This is a case study on the advanced daylighting systems installed to healthcare facilities for therapeutic environments as serving natural light therapy and a pleasant atmosphere. This paper shows daylighting devices that overcome the structural limits of architectural design solutions for inducing natural light. This study presents appropriate daylighting technologies to the purpose and types of healthcare facilities by analyzing therapeutic environmental factors. Natural light delivered through daylighting devices help directly patients recover. In addition, it can improve healthcare providers' performance and productivity, and reduce their errors, thereby creating therapeutic environments for patients, indirectly. Excellent color rendering of solar illumination is also a powerful tool for navigation and wayfinding in the buildings, and for aesthetic treatment in dental office. Furthermore, daylighting systems are streamlined and require the least material and space to attract sunlight up to the deeper inside. But because of expensive cost, they have not yet been widespread. Though daylighting devices are typically more expensive than artificial illuminations to install, the running cost savings can compensate for the initial installation cost. With the development of technology in the future, the market price of them is expected to be formed properly.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.115-131
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• 2011

Several common issues are encountered by countries - Germany, Japan, and the United States - that adopted long-term care (LTC) system. First, the demand for LTC and its associated costs have steeply risen following the implementation of the LTC policy. Second, ensuring the quality of services have been difficult. Third, the coordination of services among providers and between LTC and medical care has been inadequate. Learning from their experience, we suggest ways to improve the LTC system in Korea. The basic approach aims for efficiency over equity in the system. This would require promoting provider competition and consumer choice. We propose several policy options according to the major stakeholders. For consumers, cash benefits at fixed rates and personal savings accounts are feasible options to self-contain the demand and cost of services. On the insurer's side, creating an environment of multiple insurers will engender competition, leading to cost savings and quality care. For providers, delivery of quality services through competition, cost-containment through capitated reimbursements, and coordination of services through integrated delivery system can be achieved. From the assessors' perspective, establishing an information system to monitor the activities of insurers and providers would be important, empowering consumers with information to choose cost-effective service providers. In summary, the suggested approach would provide cost-effective LTC services by guaranteeing consumer choice and promoting major stakeholder accountability. Further studies are needed to test the feasibility of this model in ensuring quality LTC in Korea.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2024

Information technology plays an important role in healthcare. The cloud has several applications in the fields of education, social media and medicine. But the advantage of the cloud for medical reasons is very appropriate, especially given the large volume of data generated by healthcare organizations. As in increasingly health organizations adopting towards electronic health records in the cloud which can be accessed around the world for various health issues regarding references, healthcare educational research and etc. Cloud computing has many advantages, such as "flexibility, cost and energy savings, resource sharing and rapid deployment". However, despite the significant benefits of using the cloud computing for health IT, data security, privacy, reliability, integration and portability are some of the main challenges and obstacles for its implementation. Health data are highly confidential records that should not be made available to unauthorized persons to protect the security of patient information. In this paper, we discuss the privacy and security requirement of EHS as well as privacy and security issues of EHS and also focus on a comprehensive review of the current and existing literature on Electronic health that uses a variety of approaches and procedures to handle security and privacy issues. The strengths and weaknesses of some of these methods were mentioned. The significance of security issues in the cloud computing environment is a challenge.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2010

This study was conducted to analyze cost-effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer in Korean healthcare setting. We constructed a decision analytical model to estimate total costs and outcomes of paclitaxel+cisplatin (PC) or docetaxel+cisplatin+5-FU (DCF) for 2 years time horizon in 100 patient cohort with locally advanced head and neck cancer. Base analysis showed that cost savings of PC regimen were 379 million Korean Won and 231 million Korean Won in societal and payer's perspectives, respectively, compared to DCF regimen, and life saved was 0.18. PC regimen as a dominant strategy was found to be robust through sensitivity analyses.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제34권
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• pp.3.1-3.12
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• 2022

Background: Influenza illness causes several disruptions to the workforce. The absenteeism that often ensues has economic implications for employers. This study aimed to estimate the cost-benefit of influenza vaccination in a healthcare setting from the employer's perspective. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in a private hospital in 2018-2019 comparing voluntary vaccinated with non-vaccinated employees with influenza vaccine. The analyses were made based on self-reporting on absenteeism and presenteeism from Influenza-like illnesses (ILIs). The costs incurred, both direct and indirect costs, were included in the study. A cost-benefit analysis was performed by measuring the cost of the vaccination program. The costs of absenteeism and reduced productivity were calculated using 3 hypothesised levels of effectiveness in the following percentage of productivity of 30%, 50%, and 70%. The costs were also calculated based on four scenarios: with and without operating income and with and without replacement. The benefits of the influenza vaccination from the employer's perspective were analysed. The benefit to cost ratio was determined. Results: A total of four hundred and twenty-one respondents participated. The influenza vaccination rate was 63.0%. The rate of ILI of 38.1% was significantly lower among vaccinated. The ILI-related absenteeism reported was also significantly lower amongst vaccinated employees at 30% compared to 70% non-vaccinated. Employers could save up to USD 18.95 per vaccinated employee when only labour cost was included or 54.0% of cost savings. The cost-saving rose to USD 155.56 when the operating income per employee was also included. The benefit to cost ratio confirmed that the net cost-benefit gained from the vaccination was more than the net cost of vaccination. Conclusions: Influenza vaccination for working adults was cost-saving and cost-beneficial when translated into financial investments for the employer. A workplace vaccination demonstrates a significant cost-benefit strategy to be applied in any institutional setting.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2011년도 한국컴퓨터종합학술대회논문집 Vol.38 No.1(B)
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• pp.41-43
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• 2011

Cyber-Physical Systems are tight integration of computation, networking and physical objects to sense, monitor, and control the physical world. This paper presents a novel architecture that combines two next generation technologies i.e. cyber-physical systems and Cloud computing to develop a ubiquitous healthcare based infrastructure. Through this infrastructure, patients and elderly people get remote assistance, monitoring of their health conditions and medication while living in proximity of home. Consequently, this leads to major cost savings. However, there are various challenges that need to be overcome before building such systems. These challenges include making system real-time responsive, reliability, stability and privacy. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an architecture that deals with these challenges.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.186-193
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• 2018

Background: The aim of our study was to review the findings of health insurance fraud investigations and to evaluate their impacts on medical costs for target and non-target organizations. An interrupted time series study design using generalized estimation equations was used to evaluate changes in cost following fraud investigations. Methods: We used National Health Insurance claims data from 2009 to 2015, which included 20,625 medical institutions (1,614 target organizations and 19,011 non-target organizations). Outcome variable included cost change after fraud investigation. Results: Following the initiation of fraud investigations, we found statistically significant reductions in cost level for target organizations (-1.40%, p<0.001). In addition, a reduction in cost trend change per month was found for both target organizations and non-target organizations after fraud investigation (target organizations, -0.33%; non-target organizations of same region, -0.19%; non-target organizations of other regions, -0.17%). Conclusion: This study suggested that fraud investigations are associated with cost reduction in target organization. We also found similar effects of fraud investigations on health expenditure for non-target organizations located in the same region and in different regions. Our finding suggests that fraud investigations are important in controlling the growth of health expenditure. To maximize the effects of fraud investigation on the growth of health expenditure, more organizations needed to be considered as target organizations.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.453-461
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• 2013

This study, changes in raw water quality is to indicate on the efficiency of ozone treatment of each pollutant as compared to derive the appropriate operating measures. The appropriate selection for injection rate of pre-ozone and did not inject pre-ozone assess changes in the water. When good water quality, you not injected of pre-ozone to evaluate the economic efficiency of electricity and put the most cost-effective ozone concentration were evaluated. Evaluation remove organic matter and chlorophyll-a concentration level in experiments with each factor of the water DOC> 2.5 mg/L, THMFP> 70 ${\mu}g/L$, Chl-a> 30 $mg/m^3$or less constant process, if you do not need to put pre-ozone showed little impact. It also does not put you in pre-ozone appropriate produce enough power rate savings was calculated as approximately 90 million won. Ability to remove organic materials and the ability to produce disinfection byproducts, and cost-effective decisions by considering the concentration of injection if pre-ozone 1 mg/L was investigated by the appropriate concentration of ozone injection.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2016

Purpose: This study is a case study of a small-mid sized hospital to promote a full-scale remodeling to ensure the quality and competitiveness of the medical services and trying to arrange the remodeling characteristics of small-mid sized hospital which is suffering from aging facilities as well as chronic congestion and lack of spaces. Methods: Research was conducted by consultation with hospital executives and each department operators, and on-site investigation, Results: The result of this study can be summarized into two points. The first one is that existing statistical value like area per bed, in the remodeling of the small-mid hospitals may not mean much. planners have to verify the necessary room space areas in close consultation with the department operators. And after confirming layout possibilities, they have to create the program. The second one is that remodeling planning can be a realistic plan with structural and installation diagnosis at the same time. If so, it is advisable to proceed architectural design from the beginning for cost and time savings. Implications: This results can be applied to small-mid hospitals to apply to the medical law revision and others.