• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.81-85
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• 2023

Background: It was to describe collaborative educational efforts under Coronavirus disease 2019 period to advocate pharmacy-based immunization delivery and meet unmet needs of partnership institution using virtual learning platforms. Methods: A partnership was established among three pharmacy schools from two countries. The class content included the history of pharmacy immunization, pharmacists' roles and contribution to public health of the USA. The class also reviewed the value of pharmacists as frontline healthcare workers to foster student insights and the scope of pharmacy. The virtual class featured an interactive video simulation and small breakroom discussion besides a lecture. Results: Participants indicated that public accessibility to pharmacy and six-year education system in South Korea as advantages. However, legislative restrictions, pharmacist burden, and interprofessional disagreements were expressed as barriers to introduce the pharmacist immunization. Conclusion: A virtual learning platform was used to advocate for pharmacy-based immunization and fulfilled an unmet educational gap at a partnership institution.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2023

In the present scenario, enormous amounts of data are produced every second. These data also contain private information from sources including media platforms, the banking sector, finance, healthcare, and criminal histories. Data mining is a method for looking through and analyzing massive volumes of data to find usable information. Preserving personal data during data mining has become difficult, thus privacy-preserving data mining (PPDM) is used to do so. Data perturbation is one of the several tactics used by the PPDM data privacy protection mechanism. In Perturbation, datasets are perturbed in order to preserve personal information. Both data accuracy and data privacy are addressed by it. This paper will explore and compare several perturbation strategies that may be used to protect data privacy. For this experiment, two perturbation techniques based on random projection and principal component analysis were used. These techniques include Improved Random Projection Perturbation (IRPP) and Enhanced Principal Component Analysis based Technique (EPCAT). The Naive Bayes classification algorithm is used for data mining approaches. These methods are employed to assess the precision, run time, and accuracy of the experimental results. The best perturbation method in the Nave-Bayes classification is determined to be a random projection-based technique (IRPP) for both the cardiovascular and hypothyroid datasets.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.5-24
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• 2023

Purpose: The objective of this review was to identify the research trends in Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-based health-related intervention studies for children and adolescents published in South Korea over the past 10 years. Methods: A scoping review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) and the system classification framework for digital health intervention 1.0 of the World Health Organization (WHO) was applied to analyze how technology was being used to support the needs of the health system. Results: A total of 18 studies were included in the final analysis. The participants were mainly children with a variety of diseases. No studies had used innovative technology platforms such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and robotics. In addition, the scope of application of the WHO classification criteria was quite limited. Finally, no intervention study considered technical operational indicators, such as the number of website visits and streaming as outcome measurements. Conclusions: Researchers should introduce advanced technology-based strategies to provide customized and professional healthcare services to children and adolescents in South Korea and continue efforts to integrate innovative ICT for various research purposes, subjects, and environments.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2022

스마트플랫폼이란 기존 플랫폼과 첨단 IT기술을 결합함으로써 물리 및 가상공간을 초연결 환경으로 구현한 진화된 플랫폼이라 정의된다. 초연결로 언급되는 정보와 정보, 인프라와 인프라, 인프라와 정보, 공간과 서비스가 연결은 사용자의 삶의 질과 환경을 획기적으로 변화시켜 주는 고품질의 서비스 구현 및 제공을 가능하게 한다. 특히 스마트 정부와 스마트 헬스케어 구현으로 사회안전망과 개인건강관리 수준을 획기적으로 개선시킨 효과를 모두에게 제공하고 있다. 이 과정에서 생산되고 소비되는 수많은 정보들은 그 자체로서 혹은 빅데이터 분석을 통해 공공 및 개인의 기본권을 위협하는 요인으로 작용할 수 있다. 특히 스마트시티의 생태계를 형성하는 핵심기능으로서의 스마트플랫폼은 자연스럽게 지속적으로 확장되어 가기 때문에 그에 따르는 데이터의 처리운용과 네트워크 운영 상 커다란 보안 부담에 직면하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 스마트시티의 핵심 기능으로서의 플랫폼 구성 요소와 그에 대한 적절한 보안위협 및 대응 방안을 연구한다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.939-945
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• 2023

본 연구는 영상의학 분야에서 인공지능(AI) 기술 기반의 판독 보조 시스템의 'Time Behavior(시간반응성)' 속성을 측정하여 '성능 효율성'을 분석하였다. 의료 영상의 증가와 영상의학 전문의 수의 한계로 인해 인공지능(AI) 기술 기반의 솔루션이 증가하고 있으며, 관련된 연구가 많이 수행되고 있다. 하지만 대부분의 선행 연구가 인공지능의 진단 정확도에 초점을 맞췄다면, 본 연구는 Time Behavior의 중요성을 강조하여 수행하였다. 50개의 흉부 엑스레이 PA 이미지를 사용하여 측정한 결과, 평균 15.24초 만에 영상을 처리하여 높은 일관성과 안정성을 보여주었고, 이 처리 속도는 유명 글로벌 AI 플랫폼과 동등한 수준으로 영상의학과 워크플로우 효율성 부분에 크게 개선될 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다. 앞으로 인공지능 기술이 영상의학 분야에서 큰 역할을 담당하여, 전반적인 의료 품질 향상과 효율성을 개선하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.52.1-52.10
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• 2023

Accurate and efficient microbial diagnosis is crucial for effective molecular diagnostics, especially in the field of human healthcare. The gold standard equipment widely employed for detecting specific microorganisms in molecular diagnosis is quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). However, its limitations in low metagenomic DNA yield samples necessitate exploring alternative approaches. Digital PCR, by quantifying the number of copies of the target sequence, provides absolute quantification results for the bacterial strain. In this study, we compared the diagnostic efficiency of qRT-PCR and digital PCR in detecting a particular bacterial strain (Staphylococcus aureus), focusing on skin-derived DNA samples. Experimentally, specific primer for S. aureus were designed at transcription elongation factor (greA) gene and the target amplicon were cloned and sequenced to validate efficiency of specificity to the greA gene of S. aureus. To quantify the absolute amount of microorganisms present on the skin, the variable region 5 (V5) of the 16S rRNA gene was used, and primers for S. aureus identification were used to relative their amount in the subject's skin. The findings demonstrate the absolute convenience and efficiency of digital PCR in microbial diagnostics. We suggest that the high sensitivity and precise quantification provided by digital PCR could be a promising tool for detecting specific microorganisms, especially in skin-derived DNA samples with low metagenomic DNA yields, and that further research and implementation is needed to improve medical practice and diagnosis.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.5.1-5.22
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• 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has developed as a pandemic, and it created an outrageous effect on the current healthcare and economic system throughout the globe. To date, there is no appropriate therapeutics or vaccines against the disease. The entire human race is eagerly waiting for the development of new therapeutics or vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Efforts are being taken to develop vaccines at a rapid rate for fighting against the ongoing pandemic situation. Amongst the various vaccines under consideration, some are either in the preclinical stage or in the clinical stages of development (phase-I, -II, and -III). Even, phase-III trials are being conducted for some repurposed vaccines like Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, polio vaccine, and measles-mumps-rubella. We have highlighted the ongoing clinical trial landscape of the COVID-19 as well as repurposed vaccines. An insight into the current status of the available antigenic epitopes for SARS-CoV-2 and different types of vaccine platforms of COVID-19 vaccines has been discussed. These vaccines are highlighted throughout the world by different news agencies. Moreover, ongoing clinical trials for repurposed vaccines for COVID-19 and critical factors associated with the development of COVID-19 vaccines have also been described.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.209-230
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• 2020

Objectives : Practice-Based Research Networks (PBRNs), collaborations of practitioners and academic researchers, have provided platforms for conducting research to address clinical questions generated from daily routine care. This review aimed to critically analyse articles from PBRNs that are related to complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) and to suggest future directions for a PBRN which is appropriate for Korean Medicine (KM). Methods : PubMed, PBRN registries in Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and relevant PBRN websites were searched up to November 2019 for research articles from PBRNs that focused on CIM regardless of study design. Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. The included studies were read in full, classified and summarised according to their topics. Results : A total of 51 articles published from 1998 through 2020 were included in this review. They were categorised into three principal themes based on research questions and findings: health services research (embracing researches examining characteristics of patients and CIM practitioners/practices, and communication between patients and practitioners); effectiveness and safety of CIM practices/interventions; and feasibility studies of instruments and interventions in PBRN settings. The study designs varied including surveys (n=30), prospective observational studies (n=6), 2ndary analyses of existing studies (n=7), protocols (n=7), retrospective chart review (n=1) and qualitative study (n=1). Quality of the included studies greatly varied. Conclusions : PBRNs can serve as a feasible platform for conducting practice-relevant research on KM and CIM. Considering growing demands on evidence-base for routine practice of KM amid various stakeholders, a PBRN in KM community and further researches nested within PBRN designs are warranted.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.79-92
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• 2024

ChatGPT는 생성형 인공지능(Generative AI) 기술을 활용한 대표적인 챗봇으로서 과학기술 영역뿐만 아니라 사회, 경제, 산업, 문화 등 당양한 분야에서 유용하게 활용되고 있다. 본 연구는 글로벌 소셜미디어 레딧(Reddit)을 활용해 ChatGPT에 대한 사용자의 감정과 요구에 대한 탐색적인 분석을 수행한다. 이를 위해, 2022년 12월부터 2023년 8월까지의 댓글 10,796건을 수집하여 키워드 분석, 감성 분석, 니드마이닝(Needmining) 기반 토픽모델링을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, ChatGPT에 대한 댓글에서 출현 빈도가 가장 높은 단어는 "time"으로 답변의 신속성, 시간 효율성, 생산성 향상을 강조한 것으로 나타났다. 사용자들은 ChatGPT에 대해 신뢰와 기대의 감정과 동시에 사회적 영향에 대한 두려움과 분노의 감정을 표현하였다. 또한, 토픽모델링 분석을 통해 잠재적 니즈(Needs)를 포함한 14개의 주제를 도출하였고, 사용자들이 특히 ChatGPT에 대한 교육적 활용과 사회적 영향에 많은 관심을 보였다. 또한, ChatGPT와 관련된 언어모델, 직업, 정보, 의료, 서비스, 게임, 규제, 에너지, 윤리적 문제 등 다양한 주제들이 논의된 것을 알 수 있었다. 분석 결과를 바탕으로 사용자들의 요구를 반영하여 향후 실행계획의 방향을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 향후 ChatGPT를 이용하여 제품과 서비스를 개선하고, 새로운 서비스 플랫폼 기획 단계에서 유용한 정보를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.24.1-24.12
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• 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in immunocompromised, especially transplant recipients, may induce a weaker immune response. But there are limited data on the immune response after COVID-19 vaccination in liver transplant (LT) recipients, especially on the comparison of Ab responses after different vaccine platforms between mRNA and adenoviral vector vaccines. Thus, we conducted a prospective study on LT recipients who received two doses of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (ChAdOx1), mRNA-1273, or BNT162b2 vaccines compared with healthy healthcare workers (HCWs). SARS-CoV-2 S1-specific IgG Ab titers were measured using ELISA. Overall, 89 LT recipients (ChAdOx1, n=16 [18%]) or mRNA vaccines (mRNA-1273 vaccine, n=23 [26%]; BNT162b2 vaccine, n=50 [56%]) received 3 different vaccines. Of them, 16 (18%) had a positive Ab response after one dose of COVID-19 vaccine and 62 (73%) after 2 doses. However, the median Ab titer after two doses of mRNA vaccines was significantly higher (44.6 IU/ml) than after two doses of ChAdOx1 (19.2 IU/ml, p=0.04). The longer time interval from transplantation was significantly associated with high Ab titers after two doses of vaccine (p=0.003). However, mycophenolic acid use was not associated with Ab titers (p=0.53). In conclusion, about 3-quarters of LT recipients had a positive Ab response after 2 doses of vaccine, and the mRNA vaccines induced higher Ab responses than the ChAdOx1 vaccine.